Recent Lessons

Show all results for ""

Mutations and Gene Expression Quiz

20 Questions

0 Views

Mutations and Gene Expression Quiz

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz

Study Flashcards

Spaced Repetition

Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a mutagen?

A chemical that repairs DNA damage
An organism that is immune to diseases
An agent which causes genetic mutation (correct)
A type of protein that enhances health

What can harmful mutations lead to?

Development of beneficial traits
Diseases such as cancer (correct)
Improved physical strength
Enhanced reproductive abilities

How do mutagens affect DNA?

They can cause diseases (correct)
They have no effect on DNA
They only repair damaged DNA
They stabilize the DNA structure

What is a potential consequence of mutations on proteins?

<p>They can drastically change the shape of proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding mutagens?

<p>Mutagens can both positively and negatively affect organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the promoter region in gene expression?

<p>It is where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a modification made to mRNA before it exits the nucleus?

<p>Translation into proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the start codon in the process of translation?

<p>It marks the beginning of the translation process. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which location does the codon exist during protein synthesis?

<p>In the mRNA molecule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sequences represents the correct transition from DNA to mRNA?

<p>ATGC AGATG to UACG UCUGAC (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a terminator sequence in transcription?

<p>It ends transcription. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a substitution mutation?

<p>A different base replaces a base in the sequence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do chromosomal mutations have on genes?

<p>They affect the position of genes on chromosomes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes an inversion mutation?

<p>A piece of DNA is reversed in order. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mutation results in an additional segment of DNA being added?

<p>Duplications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

<p>To provide a copy of DNA instructions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is involved in carrying amino acids during protein synthesis?

<p>tRNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes RNA from DNA in terms of structure?

<p>RNA uses uracil instead of thymine as a base. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of RNA polymerase in cells?

<p>To copy DNA sequences into RNA sequences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes rRNA?

<p>rRNA is part of ribosomes involved in protein synthesis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mutagen

An agent that causes changes in the genetic material of an organism.

Mutation

A change in the DNA sequence of an organism.

Harmful mutation

A mutation that can lead to the development of diseases such as cancer.

Mutagens and Diseases

Mutagens can damage DNA, which can lead to diseases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mutations and Proteins

Mutations can alter the structure and function of proteins.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Point Mutation

A change in a single DNA nucleotide, usually occurring during DNA replication.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Substitution mutation

A point mutation where one nucleotide is replaced with another.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Insertion mutation

A point mutation where an extra nucleotide is added to the DNA sequence.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Deletion mutation

A point mutation where one nucleotide is removed from the DNA sequence.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chromosomal mutation

Changes in chromosome structure, affecting gene numbers and locations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Promoter Region

A region of DNA located upstream of a gene where proteins like RNA polymerase bind to initiate transcription.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Codon

The three-base sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anticodon

The three-base sequence complementary to a codon, located in tRNA, that ensures the correct amino acid is added to the polypeptide chain during translation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Start Codon

The first codon in mRNA that signals the start of protein synthesis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Transcription

The process of converting the genetic information in DNA into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is mRNA?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded copy of a DNA sequence, carrying genetic instructions from the nucleus to ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is rRNA?

Ribosomes are made up of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which helps in protein synthesis by binding to mRNA and providing a site for translation to occur.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is tRNA?

Transfer RNA (tRNA) acts as a transporter, carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome based on the codons in mRNA, facilitating the assembly of proteins according to the genetic instructions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the key structural differences between DNA and RNA?

The difference between DNA and RNA lies in their structure and sugars. DNA is a double-stranded helix with deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is a single-stranded helix with ribose sugar.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is RNA polymerase?

RNA polymerase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in transcription, copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence. It essentially reads the DNA template and dictates the sequence of RNA.

Signup and view all the flashcards

More Like This

Types of DNA Mutations

10 questions

Types of DNA Mutations

JovialMermaid

DNA Structure and Gene Expression

21 questions

DNA Structure and Gene Expression

EagerBaltimore

Genetics Quiz: Understanding Mutations

45 questions

Genetics Quiz: Understanding Mutations

FastGrowingOpArt5898

Use Quizgecko on...

Browser