Music Chapter 4 Test

Questions and Answers

Ca Hue, a type of Vietnamese chamber music, originated in and is associated with which region of Vietnam?

central Vietnam

In what ways was the written transmission of the first published collection of spirituals incomplete?

Written notation could not convey the singers' distinctive vocal style nor the singers' subtle variations in intonation and pitch

How did the Lebanese singer Fairuz's concert in Las Vegas help reconnect Arab Americans with their Middle Eastern homelands?

All are correct (correct)

It introduced them to Middle Eastern cuisine

It was a cultural event that resonated with their heritage

It promoted tourism in the Middle East

How were spirituals transformed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

They began to be transmitted more widely, becoming influenced by Western classical music. Signup and view all the answers

In camps for Vietnamese refugees in Hong Kong and the Philippines, what factor determined whether a song was considered Vietnamese?

whether or not it had a Vietnamese text Signup and view all the answers

In which style is Pham Duy's song cycle Con Duong Cai Quan (The National Road: A Voyage through Vietnam) written?

several streams of musical influence Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the time period of one beat in the Vietnamese chamber music piece A Thousand Miles from Home, marked by the bamboo block?

phach Signup and view all the answers

What are spirituals?

the musical expression of slaves in the Americas who converted to New World Christianity Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the text of Uncle Ng's muyu conveys information about a common sentiment among earlier Chinese immigrants to the United States?

his words about his desire to become prosperous and return home to China Signup and view all the answers

What aspects of tan nhac, a Westernized Vietnamese popular-song tradition, are Vietnamese in origin?

The lyrics are sung in Vietnamese and the melodies are sometimes based on Vietnamese folk songs. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term mawwal refer to?

a traditional Arab song form that alternates sections in free and regular rhythms, in which the soloist repeats words and ornaments the melody Signup and view all the answers

What does the term melismatic text setting refer to?

singing several pitches (including ornaments) per syllable of text Signup and view all the answers

What event lies at the root of the present-day Vietnamese diaspora community?

the entry of French missionaries into Vietnam in the mid-seventeenth century Signup and view all the answers

What is a glissando?

a continuous slide (upward or downward) between two pitches Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'ud?

the principle plucked chordophone in the Arab world, with a short neck and a large body with a rounded back Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant reason that Vietnamese people in refugee camps in Hong Kong and the Philippines mainly sang sad songs and love songs?

Because the Vietnamese Communist regime had prohibited singing love songs and sad songs before 1975, doing so in the refugee camps was a political act. Signup and view all the answers

What is the major reason that the National Road song cycle is significant to members of the Vietnamese diaspora community?

It arouses memories and nostalgia by recreating sounds and texts of traditional Vietnamese music. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the Vietnamese instrument that consists of a single string, a resonating chamber, and a small bamboo shaft?

dan bau Signup and view all the answers

What was the major cause of the first large wave of Chinese immigration to the United States in the mid-nineteenth century?

the prospect of striking it rich during the California Gold Rush Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary way that early Arab immigrants to the United States transmitted their native musical styles?

Immigrants imported recordings of the latest Middle Eastern musical styles and published their own recordings in the United States. Signup and view all the answers

Which group of Arab immigrants to the United States experienced forced immigration?

the people who were dislocated by the Arab-Israeli conflict of 1948 Signup and view all the answers

Which group underwent voluntary migration?

the people of France who relocated to Vietnam during French colonization of that territory. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vietnamese Music and Culture

Ca Hue is a traditional type of chamber music from central Vietnam.
The Vietnamese diaspora began notably with the entry of French missionaries in the mid-seventeenth century.

Spirituals and Cultural Expression

Spirituals originated as the musical expression of enslaved Africans in the Americas who adopted New World Christianity.
The first published collection of spirituals inadequately captured the distinct vocal styles and pitch variations of the singers.
Transformation of spirituals occurred between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, leading to more widespread transmission and Western classical influences.

Arab Music and Identity

Fairuz's concert in Las Vegas facilitated reconnection for Arab Americans to their cultural roots.
Traditional Arab song form, mawwal, features alternating free and regular rhythms with melodic ornamentation.
The primary plucked instrument in the Arab world is the 'ud, recognized for its short neck and large rounded body.

Vietnamese Instruments and Music Traditions

The dan bau is a unique Vietnamese instrument featuring one string and a resonating chamber.
Tan nhac combines Western musical influences while preserving Vietnamese elements, including Vietnamese language lyrics and folk song motifs.
The term phach denotes a time period of one beat in Vietnamese chamber music.

Refugee Music and Political Expression

Songs sung by Vietnamese refugees often focused on sadness and love as a political act against the Communist regime's prior prohibitions.
In refugee camps, the classification of a song as Vietnamese relied on the inclusion of Vietnamese lyrics.
The National Road song cycle evokes nostalgia among the Vietnamese diaspora, preserving traditional musical sounds and texts.

Immigration and Cultural Transmission

Chinese immigration to the United States surged during the California Gold Rush, driven by economic opportunities.
Early Arab immigrants preserved their musical styles by importing recordings from the Middle East and creating their own in the U.S.
Displacement due to the Arab-Israeli conflict led to forced immigration for certain Arab populations, contrasting with voluntary migration from France to Vietnam during colonization.

Musical Techniques

Melismatic text setting involves multiple pitches and ornamentation per syllable, enhancing vocal expressiveness.
A glissando represents a smooth transition between two pitches, often utilized in various musical forms.

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Description

Test your knowledge with this quiz on Chapter 4 of music. Explore various topics such as Vietnamese chamber music and the challenges of written notation in conveying spirituals. Perfect for students looking to review key concepts.