Music and Language Parallels

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What is one way the brain identifies soundmakers in a noisy environment?

By paying attention to the loudness of each sound

By paying attention to the harmonic relations between components (correct)

By relying on the metrical structure of strong and weak beats

By using the hierarchy of phrases within phrases

What is a key similarity between music and language?

They both use the same mental machinery (correct)

They both have a hierarchical structure of phrases within phrases

They both rely on the auditory scene analysis

They both use visual cues to convey meaning

Why does the brain group components that stand in harmonic relations together?

Because it enhances the melody of the music

Because it is easier to process multiple frequencies at once

Because many resonators emit sounds of many harmonic overtones (correct)

Because it is a more efficient way to identify soundmakers

What is an example of a situation where the brain would use auditory scene analysis?

In a noisy room where there are multiple conversations Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the way music conveys meaning?

The emphasis on certain portions of the music while others are backgrounded Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed reason why melodies might evoke strong emotions?

Because they resemble acoustic signatures of emotional calls Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the practice of intentionally evoking environmental sounds in melody?

Tone painting Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary or only component of music in some idioms?

Rhythm Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the goal of art and recreation that involves evoking emotions?

Ersatz emotion Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed reason why auditory features of the environment have emotional effects?

Because they are thrown off by attention-worthy events in the world Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why humans are more interested in periodic sounds?

Because they are more indicative of living things Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Western Classical Music and Traditional Chinese or American Folk Music?

The number of notes used in the scale Signup and view all the answers

Why do humans have a limited range of audible sounds?

Because our ears have evolved to catch subtle nuances within a specific range Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the system created by Arnold Schoenberg, where all 12 notes are equal?

A-tonal system Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the range of sounds that humans are most interested in?

Sonic range Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why humans are drawn to music according to the author?

Because music is a reflection of human biology Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the emotional content of speech vowels from the study by Gill and Purves (2009)?

They convey emotional information through major and minor scales Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of music in relation to human evolution, according to the author?

To encode emotional information in speech Signup and view all the answers

What does the author suggest is the relationship between music and speech?

Music is a reflection of human biology and speech Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of music that distinguishes it from other forms of auditory perception, according to the author?

Its biological basis Signup and view all the answers

What might be a possible explanation for why music has a unique effect on humans compared to other activities?

A unique coupling between auditory, emotional, language, and motor circuits in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the idea that music might be a result of an accident of how brain circuits are packed together?

Music is a result of the accidental combination of auditory, emotional, language, and motor circuits Signup and view all the answers

What might be a characteristic of muscle control that is related to music?

Sequences of tension and release Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the idea that music is more than the sum of its parts?

Music has a unique effect on humans due to its complex patterns Signup and view all the answers

What might be a possible explanation for the relationship between music and emotion?

A coupling between auditory, emotional, language, and motor circuits in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological significance of music according to the text?

It confers no survival advantage Signup and view all the answers

What is the proposed function of music in social groups?

To bond the group and coordinate action Signup and view all the answers

What is the analogy used to describe music in the text?

A cocktail of recreational drugs Signup and view all the answers

Why is music considered a 'pure pleasure technology'?

Because it stimulates a mass of pleasure circuits Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying question posed by the text regarding music?

Why does music work if it confers no survival advantage? Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of music being biologically useless?

That music is not a product of natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between music and social bonding according to the text?

Music is a cause of social bonding Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of music in terms of its evolutionary history?

It has no evolutionary significance Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying assumption of the text regarding music's significance?

That music is a product of natural selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the tone of the text regarding music's significance?

Analytical and neutral Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of Bowling et al.'s (2010) study?

To identify the biological basis of musical scales in human speech Signup and view all the answers

What did Bowling et al. (2010) find to be the relation between the loudest and most prominent notes in speech and musical scales?

The loudest and most prominent notes fell along the 12 notes of the chromatic scale Signup and view all the answers

What were the researchers trying to eliminate from their analysis of speech?

S sounds, percussive sounds from P's, and clicks from K's Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the vocal melodies embedded in talking?

Proto-singing Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of the finding that notes in speech fall along the 12 notes of the chromatic scale?

Human speech influences the evolution of the auditory system Signup and view all the answers