Music and Language Parallels
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Questions and Answers

What is one way the brain identifies soundmakers in a noisy environment?

  • By paying attention to the loudness of each sound
  • By paying attention to the harmonic relations between components (correct)
  • By relying on the metrical structure of strong and weak beats
  • By using the hierarchy of phrases within phrases

    • What is a key similarity between music and language?

  • They both use the same mental machinery (correct)
  • They both have a hierarchical structure of phrases within phrases
  • They both rely on the auditory scene analysis
  • They both use visual cues to convey meaning

    • Why does the brain group components that stand in harmonic relations together?

  • Because it enhances the melody of the music
  • Because it is easier to process multiple frequencies at once
  • Because many resonators emit sounds of many harmonic overtones (correct)
  • Because it is a more efficient way to identify soundmakers

    • What is an example of a situation where the brain would use auditory scene analysis?

    <p>In a noisy room where there are multiple conversations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the way music conveys meaning?

    <p>The emphasis on certain portions of the music while others are backgrounded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proposed reason why melodies might evoke strong emotions?

    <p>Because they resemble acoustic signatures of emotional calls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the practice of intentionally evoking environmental sounds in melody?

    <p>Tone painting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary or only component of music in some idioms?

    <p>Rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the goal of art and recreation that involves evoking emotions?

    <p>Ersatz emotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proposed reason why auditory features of the environment have emotional effects?

    <p>Because they are thrown off by attention-worthy events in the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why humans are more interested in periodic sounds?

    <p>Because they are more indicative of living things</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Western Classical Music and Traditional Chinese or American Folk Music?

    <p>The number of notes used in the scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do humans have a limited range of audible sounds?

    <p>Because our ears have evolved to catch subtle nuances within a specific range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the system created by Arnold Schoenberg, where all 12 notes are equal?

    <p>A-tonal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the range of sounds that humans are most interested in?

    <p>Sonic range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why humans are drawn to music according to the author?

    <p>Because music is a reflection of human biology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the emotional content of speech vowels from the study by Gill and Purves (2009)?

    <p>They convey emotional information through major and minor scales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of music in relation to human evolution, according to the author?

    <p>To encode emotional information in speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author suggest is the relationship between music and speech?

    <p>Music is a reflection of human biology and speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of music that distinguishes it from other forms of auditory perception, according to the author?

    <p>Its biological basis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a possible explanation for why music has a unique effect on humans compared to other activities?

    <p>A unique coupling between auditory, emotional, language, and motor circuits in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by the idea that music might be a result of an accident of how brain circuits are packed together?

    <p>Music is a result of the accidental combination of auditory, emotional, language, and motor circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a characteristic of muscle control that is related to music?

    <p>Sequences of tension and release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by the idea that music is more than the sum of its parts?

    <p>Music has a unique effect on humans due to its complex patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a possible explanation for the relationship between music and emotion?

    <p>A coupling between auditory, emotional, language, and motor circuits in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biological significance of music according to the text?

    <p>It confers no survival advantage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proposed function of music in social groups?

    <p>To bond the group and coordinate action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the analogy used to describe music in the text?

    <p>A cocktail of recreational drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is music considered a 'pure pleasure technology'?

    <p>Because it stimulates a mass of pleasure circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying question posed by the text regarding music?

    <p>Why does music work if it confers no survival advantage?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of music being biologically useless?

    <p>That music is not a product of natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between music and social bonding according to the text?

    <p>Music is a cause of social bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of music in terms of its evolutionary history?

    <p>It has no evolutionary significance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying assumption of the text regarding music's significance?

    <p>That music is a product of natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tone of the text regarding music's significance?

    <p>Analytical and neutral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the goal of Bowling et al.'s (2010) study?

    <p>To identify the biological basis of musical scales in human speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Bowling et al. (2010) find to be the relation between the loudest and most prominent notes in speech and musical scales?

    <p>The loudest and most prominent notes fell along the 12 notes of the chromatic scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the researchers trying to eliminate from their analysis of speech?

    <p>S sounds, percussive sounds from P's, and clicks from K's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the vocal melodies embedded in talking?

    <p>Proto-singing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of the finding that notes in speech fall along the 12 notes of the chromatic scale?

    <p>Human speech influences the evolution of the auditory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

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