Questions and Answers
Which 2 French philosophers led the philosophical movement known as the Enlightenment?
What was the musical center of Europe by the end of the 18th century?
Vienna
How did Freemasonry represent the ideals of the Enlightenment?
It cut across the boundaries of class and profession.
How did the growth of the middle class in the Classic era change the economics of music?
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How did the style of music change in the Classic era to appeal to new audiences?
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Which one of the following was a new Classic genre?
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Which classic genre began as an overture for Italian opera?
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The second movement of a symphony is usually?
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Which of the following statements is true of a string quartet?
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What was the most important center of symphonic composition and performance in the early Classic era?
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How did the development of comic opera represent the ideals of the Enlightenment?
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How did Johann Stamitz influence the development of the symphony?
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How did the Classic era piano differ from its predecessor, the harpsichord?
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How did classic music parallel 18th century societal conventions?
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Why might composers have used sonata form for almost all the 1st movements of classic instrumental music?
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Which of the following was a favorite musical joke of Haydn's?
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Who are the 2 most important composers of the Classic Era?
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Which of the following is true of Mozart?
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Which of the following is a famous opera by Mozart?
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Who was Mozart's primary music teacher?
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How does Haydn's career illustrate the musical changes of the 18th century?
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Why was Haydn such a prolific composer during his early career?
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How did the formation of the orchestra change toward the end of the 18th century?
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How did Mozart attempt to make money during the last 5 years of his life?
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Sonata form consists of three main sections.
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A movement sonata form may be preceded by a slow?
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The 3 main sections of sonata-form movements are often followed by a concluding section known as the?
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Short musical ideas developed within a composition are called fragments or?
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The 'K' number that appears after Mozart's works refers to?
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Sonata form should be viewed as?
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In the exposition of a sonata-form movement?
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Sonata form is used frequently as the form for the ____ movement of a multi-movement work.
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In the recapitulation of a sonata form movement?
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At the end of a classical exposition there usually is a?
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Theme and variations form may be schematically outlined as?
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Each successive variation in theme with variations?
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The minuet is generally the ___ movement of a classical symphony.
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The minuet as a whole may be outlined as?
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The minuet first appeared around 1650 as?
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The character of the minuet is best described as?
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Because of its character, the rondo most often serves as a?
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A common rondo pattern is?
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The main theme of the rondo?
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Another common rondo pattern is?
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The rondo was used?
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Symphony may be defined as?
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The usual order of movements in a classical symphony is?
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The first movement of a classical symphony is almost always fast and in _____ form.
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ABA form is typical of the minuet or scherzo movement and is also common in the?
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A symphony is unified partly by the use of the same?
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Classical chamber music is designed?
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Classical string quartet is a musical composition for?
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The most important form of classical chamber music is the?
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The piano trio is a musical composition for?
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The usual order of movements in a classical string quartet is?
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A major factor that distinguishes chamber music from the symphony or concerto is that chamber music?
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Haydn was fortunate in having a long and faithful relationship with which noble Hungarian family?
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12 symphonies are known as?
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Haydn performed 68 ___ and 104___
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Haydn's popular oratorios are entitled?
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Along with his symphonies, Haydn's ___ are considered his most important works.
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Haydn's duties while in the service of the Esterhazy's included?
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of Haydn's music?
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By the age of 6, Mozart could?
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Don Giovanni in Mozart's opera of that name is?
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Mozart's Requiem was?
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Mozart's trips to Italy?
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Between the ages of six and fifteen, Mozart?
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Mozart's Symphony No. 40?
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Mozart's finest German opera was?
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Mozart was born in?
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The cadenza in the first movement of Mozart's piano concerto No. 23 in A major is unusual in that?
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Which of the following is not one of Mozart's three masterpieces of Italian operas?
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Study Notes
Enlightenment and Its Influence on Music
- Philosophers Voltaire and Rousseau were instrumental in shaping Enlightenment thought.
- Freemasonry embodied Enlightenment ideals by promoting inclusivity across social classes.
Music in the 18th Century
- By the end of the 18th century, Vienna emerged as the main musical center of Europe.
- The economic landscape of music shifted as the middle class grew, allowing composers to thrive through music publishing rather than relying on wealthy patrons.
Characteristics of Classical Music
- Classical music transformed to become lighter, clearer, and more accessible for broader audiences.
- Comic operas represented a new classical genre aimed at the general public, rather than just the aristocracy.
Structural Elements of Classical Music
- The symphony originated from overtures of Italian opera.
- The second movement of a symphony is characteristically slow and lyrical.
- A string quartet comprises two violins and lacks a double bass.
- Mannheim, Germany, was pivotal in symphonic composition during the early classic era.
Influence of Composers
- Johann Stamitz established a four-movement symphony structure that became a classic standard.
- Haydn and Mozart were the most prominent composers of the Classic Era, with Haydn credited for his prolific output and Mozart recognized as a child prodigy.
Sonata Form and Its Usage
- Commonly consists of development, exposition, and recapitulation; frequently serves as the structure for the first movement of multi-movement works.
- The exposition introduces the second theme in a different key, while the recapitulation returns all principal material in the tonic key.
Themes and Variations
- The "K" number attached to Mozart's works refers to cataloging done by Ludwig von Kochel.
- Sonata form is a principle for shaping contrasts in theme and key, with themes often repeated in variations that retain core elements.
Chamber Music and Its Characteristics
- Classical chamber music, particularly string quartets, is meant for intimate settings with compositions for small groups of instruments.
- The typical order of movements for string quartets is fast, slow, minuet, and fast.
Haydn's Contributions
- Haydn maintained a fruitful relationship with the Esterhazy family, composing extensively for them—104 symphonies and 68 string quartets are attributed to him.
- Important works include the oratorios "The Seasons" and "The Creation."
Mozart's Legacy
- Mozart was born in Salzburg and showed exceptional talent early, touring Europe extensively as a child.
- Key works include "Don Giovanni," "The Magic Flute," and his Requiem, which was completed posthumously by a pupil.
- His symphony No. 40 is noted as one of his final three symphonies.
Rondo and Its Structure
- Rondo forms often serve as finales due to their lively character, with common patterns including ABACA and ABACABA.
Summary of Classical Music Characteristics
- A classical symphony generally follows a fast-slow-dance-fast movement structure, with the first movement usually in sonata form.
- Chamber music is unique in that it involves one player per part, distinguishing it from larger ensembles like symphonies or concertos.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the intersection of music and Enlightenment philosophy in this engaging quiz. Discover key figures and concepts that shaped the musical landscape of 18th century Europe. Perfect for music history enthusiasts and philosophy students alike!