Music and Enlightenment Philosophers Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which 2 French philosophers led the philosophical movement known as the Enlightenment?

Kant

Rousseau (correct)

Descartes

Voltaire (correct)

What was the musical center of Europe by the end of the 18th century?

Vienna

How did Freemasonry represent the ideals of the Enlightenment?

It cut across the boundaries of class and profession.

How did the growth of the middle class in the Classic era change the economics of music?

As music publishing became profitable, composers could make a living without the support of patrons. Signup and view all the answers

How did the style of music change in the Classic era to appeal to new audiences?

It became lighter, clearer, and more accessible. Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following was a new Classic genre?

Comic Operas Signup and view all the answers

Which classic genre began as an overture for Italian opera?

Symphony Signup and view all the answers

The second movement of a symphony is usually?

slow and lyrical Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true of a string quartet?

It has 2 violins and no double bass. Signup and view all the answers

What was the most important center of symphonic composition and performance in the early Classic era?

Mannheim, Germany Signup and view all the answers

How did the development of comic opera represent the ideals of the Enlightenment?

It was designed to appeal to everyone, not just the aristocracy. Signup and view all the answers

How did Johann Stamitz influence the development of the symphony?

His 4 movement scheme and structure of the orchestra became standard in the Classic Era. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Classic era piano differ from its predecessor, the harpsichord?

It was capable of playing a larger range of dynamics. Signup and view all the answers

How did classic music parallel 18th century societal conventions?

Music had strict conventions regarding forms, instruments, and keys. Signup and view all the answers

Why might composers have used sonata form for almost all the 1st movements of classic instrumental music?

They wanted to present their most serious ideas at the beginning. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a favorite musical joke of Haydn's?

False recapitulaiton Signup and view all the answers

Who are the 2 most important composers of the Classic Era?

F.J. Haydn and W.A. Mozart Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true of Mozart?

He was a child prodigy. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a famous opera by Mozart?

Don Giovanni Signup and view all the answers

Who was Mozart's primary music teacher?

Mozart's father, Leopold Signup and view all the answers

How does Haydn's career illustrate the musical changes of the 18th century?

During his early career, he worked for a patron, but he later supported himself solely through composition. Signup and view all the answers

Why was Haydn such a prolific composer during his early career?

He had to compose on demand for Prince Esterhazy. Signup and view all the answers

How did the formation of the orchestra change toward the end of the 18th century?

Clarinets were added, and woodwinds played a more prominent role. Signup and view all the answers

How did Mozart attempt to make money during the last 5 years of his life?

By composing 5 great operas. Signup and view all the answers

Sonata form consists of three main sections.

Development, exposition, recapitulation. Signup and view all the answers

A movement sonata form may be preceded by a slow?

Introduction Signup and view all the answers

The 3 main sections of sonata-form movements are often followed by a concluding section known as the?

Coda Signup and view all the answers

Short musical ideas developed within a composition are called fragments or?

Motive Signup and view all the answers

The 'K' number that appears after Mozart's works refers to?

Ludwig von Kochel Signup and view all the answers

Sonata form should be viewed as?

A set of principles that serve to shape and unify contrasts of theme and key. Signup and view all the answers

In the exposition of a sonata-form movement?

The second theme is in a new key. Signup and view all the answers

Sonata form is used frequently as the form for the ____ movement of a multi-movement work.

First Signup and view all the answers

In the recapitulation of a sonata form movement?

All the principal material is in the tonic key. Signup and view all the answers

At the end of a classical exposition there usually is a?

Repeat sign. Signup and view all the answers

Theme and variations form may be schematically outlined as?

AAAAAA. Signup and view all the answers

Each successive variation in theme with variations?

Retains some elements of the theme. Signup and view all the answers

The minuet is generally the ___ movement of a classical symphony.

Third. Signup and view all the answers

The minuet as a whole may be outlined as?

ABA. Signup and view all the answers

The minuet first appeared around 1650 as?

A dance at the court of Louis XIV of France. Signup and view all the answers

The character of the minuet is best described as?

Stately and dignified. Signup and view all the answers

Because of its character, the rondo most often serves as a?

Finale. Signup and view all the answers

A common rondo pattern is?

ABACA. Signup and view all the answers

The main theme of the rondo?

Is usually in the tonic key. Signup and view all the answers

Another common rondo pattern is?

ABACABA. Signup and view all the answers

The rondo was used?

As a late 20th century. Signup and view all the answers

Symphony may be defined as?

An extended orchestral composition Signup and view all the answers

The usual order of movements in a classical symphony is?

Fast, slow, dance-related, fast. Signup and view all the answers

The first movement of a classical symphony is almost always fast and in _____ form.

Sonata. Signup and view all the answers

ABA form is typical of the minuet or scherzo movement and is also common in the?

Slow movement. Signup and view all the answers

A symphony is unified partly by the use of the same?

Key in 3 of its movements. Signup and view all the answers

Classical chamber music is designed?

For the intimate setting of a small room. Signup and view all the answers

Classical string quartet is a musical composition for?

2 violins, viola, and cello. Signup and view all the answers

The most important form of classical chamber music is the?

String quartet. Signup and view all the answers

The piano trio is a musical composition for?

Violin, cello, piano. Signup and view all the answers

The usual order of movements in a classical string quartet is?

Fast, slow, minuet, scherzo, fast. Signup and view all the answers

A major factor that distinguishes chamber music from the symphony or concerto is that chamber music?

Is performed by one player per part. Signup and view all the answers

Haydn was fortunate in having a long and faithful relationship with which noble Hungarian family?

Esterhazy. Signup and view all the answers

12 symphonies are known as?

London Symphony. Signup and view all the answers

Haydn performed 68 _ and 104_

String quartets, symphonies. Signup and view all the answers

Haydn's popular oratorios are entitled?

Seasons, and The Creation. Signup and view all the answers

Along with his symphonies, Haydn's ___ are considered his most important works.

String quartets. Signup and view all the answers

Haydn's duties while in the service of the Esterhazy's included?

All the above. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Haydn's music?

Few changes in texture and orchestration Signup and view all the answers

By the age of 6, Mozart could?

All of those Signup and view all the answers

Don Giovanni in Mozart's opera of that name is?

The legendary Spanish lover. Signup and view all the answers

Mozart's Requiem was?

Finished by one of his pupils. Signup and view all the answers

Mozart's trips to Italy?

Enabled him to study and master the Italian operatic style. Signup and view all the answers

Between the ages of six and fifteen, Mozart?

Was continually on tour in England and France. Signup and view all the answers

Mozart's Symphony No. 40?

Is one of the last three symphonies. Signup and view all the answers

Mozart's finest German opera was?

The Magic Flute. Signup and view all the answers

Mozart was born in?

Salzburg, Austria. Signup and view all the answers

The cadenza in the first movement of Mozart's piano concerto No. 23 in A major is unusual in that?

It was composed by Mozart himself. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not one of Mozart's three masterpieces of Italian operas?

Orfeo Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Enlightenment and Its Influence on Music

Philosophers Voltaire and Rousseau were instrumental in shaping Enlightenment thought.
Freemasonry embodied Enlightenment ideals by promoting inclusivity across social classes.

Music in the 18th Century

By the end of the 18th century, Vienna emerged as the main musical center of Europe.
The economic landscape of music shifted as the middle class grew, allowing composers to thrive through music publishing rather than relying on wealthy patrons.

Characteristics of Classical Music

Classical music transformed to become lighter, clearer, and more accessible for broader audiences.
Comic operas represented a new classical genre aimed at the general public, rather than just the aristocracy.

Structural Elements of Classical Music

The symphony originated from overtures of Italian opera.
The second movement of a symphony is characteristically slow and lyrical.
A string quartet comprises two violins and lacks a double bass.
Mannheim, Germany, was pivotal in symphonic composition during the early classic era.

Influence of Composers

Johann Stamitz established a four-movement symphony structure that became a classic standard.
Haydn and Mozart were the most prominent composers of the Classic Era, with Haydn credited for his prolific output and Mozart recognized as a child prodigy.

Sonata Form and Its Usage

Commonly consists of development, exposition, and recapitulation; frequently serves as the structure for the first movement of multi-movement works.
The exposition introduces the second theme in a different key, while the recapitulation returns all principal material in the tonic key.

Themes and Variations

The "K" number attached to Mozart's works refers to cataloging done by Ludwig von Kochel.
Sonata form is a principle for shaping contrasts in theme and key, with themes often repeated in variations that retain core elements.

Chamber Music and Its Characteristics

Classical chamber music, particularly string quartets, is meant for intimate settings with compositions for small groups of instruments.
The typical order of movements for string quartets is fast, slow, minuet, and fast.

Haydn's Contributions

Haydn maintained a fruitful relationship with the Esterhazy family, composing extensively for them—104 symphonies and 68 string quartets are attributed to him.
Important works include the oratorios "The Seasons" and "The Creation."

Mozart's Legacy

Mozart was born in Salzburg and showed exceptional talent early, touring Europe extensively as a child.
Key works include "Don Giovanni," "The Magic Flute," and his Requiem, which was completed posthumously by a pupil.
His symphony No. 40 is noted as one of his final three symphonies.

Rondo and Its Structure

Rondo forms often serve as finales due to their lively character, with common patterns including ABACA and ABACABA.

Summary of Classical Music Characteristics

A classical symphony generally follows a fast-slow-dance-fast movement structure, with the first movement usually in sonata form.
Chamber music is unique in that it involves one player per part, distinguishing it from larger ensembles like symphonies or concertos.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the intersection of music and Enlightenment philosophy in this engaging quiz. Discover key figures and concepts that shaped the musical landscape of 18th century Europe. Perfect for music history enthusiasts and philosophy students alike!