Musculoskeletal Injuries in Healthcare

Study Notes

Sprains, strains, and other musculoskeletal injuries/disorders (MSDs) are the leading cause of disability for healthcare professionals.
Over 600,000 healthcare employees experience these injuries, resulting in $50 billion in annual costs.
Four factors can help reduce MSDs in healthcare settings:
- Regular in-service training on new techniques and best practices
- Improved equipment and technology designed for ergonomics
- Post-injury investigations to determine the root cause of incidents
- Establishment of a "culture of safety" that encourages professionals to prioritize their well-being and report potential risks.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) can range from minor discomfort to career-ending disabilities.
WRMSDs affect muscles, nerves, ligaments, tendons, and bursas.
They typically develop from repeated trauma or lack of blood flow to joint structures.
WRMSDs are a leading cause of long-term absences for healthcare professionals.

Athletes and healthcare professionals share similar challenges when it comes to preventing injuries.
Both groups require specialized training to maximize performance, minimize energy expenditure, and prevent injuries.
Healthcare professionals need to develop both physically and psychologically for their profession, just like athletes.
Both professions require a strong foundation in academic fundamentals, clinical skills, and professional values to minimize injury risks.
Both professions must utilize ergonomic body principles to engage in safe interactions with equipment and patients.

Healthcare professionals can limit injuries by practicing proper body mechanics, recognizing early signs of injury, and establishing appropriate limits.
Understanding the basics of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system is crucial for injury prevention.
Avoiding injuries starts with understanding the MSK system, practicing good body mechanics, recognizing early warning signs, and setting appropriate limits.

Tendons are white, fibrous connective tissues that connect muscles to bones.
Tendons facilitate joint movement by exerting force on bones.
They are surrounded by sheaths with synovial fluid to minimize friction.
Tendon injuries can be prevented by recognizing early signs of disease, establishing limits, and seeking prompt treatment.
Repetitive stress and strain can negatively impact the circulation to the MSK system.
Limited blood supply to tendons, along with repetitive activities, can lead to:
- Metabolic waste build-up
- Muscle spasms
- Tendon microtears
- Scar tissue formation
- Necrosis (tissue death)

Mobility refers to the movement potential of the body's four extremities (arms and legs).
White muscles found in limbs, connected by long white tendons, are responsible for mobility.
These muscles cross two or more joints.
Examples include the biceps muscles in the upper body and the hamstring muscles in the lower body.
These muscles are specifically designed for movement.