Podcast
Questions and Answers
Muscular dystrophies are caused by the excess production of the protein Dystrophin.
Muscular dystrophies are caused by the excess production of the protein Dystrophin.
False
Duchenne is the least common form of muscular dystrophy.
Duchenne is the least common form of muscular dystrophy.
False
Muscular dystrophies can only manifest with symptoms in early childhood.
Muscular dystrophies can only manifest with symptoms in early childhood.
False
There is currently a cure for muscular dystrophies.
There is currently a cure for muscular dystrophies.
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Nerve entrapment can lead to pain and loss of function.
Nerve entrapment can lead to pain and loss of function.
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Spinal cord is divided into three areas: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
Spinal cord is divided into three areas: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
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Lumbar spinal stenosis is a condition that causes pressure on the spinal cord or nerves in the lower back
Lumbar spinal stenosis is a condition that causes pressure on the spinal cord or nerves in the lower back
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Incomplete spinal cord injuries result in total loss of feeling and function below the injury site
Incomplete spinal cord injuries result in total loss of feeling and function below the injury site
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Spinal cord disorders can only be caused by external factors such as compression and injury
Spinal cord disorders can only be caused by external factors such as compression and injury
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Surgical treatment for spinal cord disorders may involve the removal of tumors
Surgical treatment for spinal cord disorders may involve the removal of tumors
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Muscular dystrophy is a subgroup of myopathic diseases.
Muscular dystrophy is a subgroup of myopathic diseases.
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Muscular dystrophy leads to progressive, generalized weakness and wasting of the muscles.
Muscular dystrophy leads to progressive, generalized weakness and wasting of the muscles.
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Muscular dystrophy can only be caused by mutations in a single gene.
Muscular dystrophy can only be caused by mutations in a single gene.
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The most frequent cause of muscular dystrophy is changes in the X-linked gene, which encodes dystrophin.
The most frequent cause of muscular dystrophy is changes in the X-linked gene, which encodes dystrophin.
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At the end stage of muscular dystrophy, the muscle fibers are replaced by fibro-fatty tissue.
At the end stage of muscular dystrophy, the muscle fibers are replaced by fibro-fatty tissue.
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True or false: Syringomyelia is a condition characterized by a fluid-filled cavity or cyst called a syrinx in the brain.
True or false: Syringomyelia is a condition characterized by a fluid-filled cavity or cyst called a syrinx in the brain.
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True or false: Congenital syringomyelia is often associated with a Chiari malformation, hydrocephalus, or larger than normal connected cavities.
True or false: Congenital syringomyelia is often associated with a Chiari malformation, hydrocephalus, or larger than normal connected cavities.
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True or false: Acquired syringomyelia can be caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12.
True or false: Acquired syringomyelia can be caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12.
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True or false: Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is most commonly caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12.
True or false: Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is most commonly caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12.
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True or false: Diagnosis of syringomyelia includes tests such as CT scan, MRI, and electromyogram.
True or false: Diagnosis of syringomyelia includes tests such as CT scan, MRI, and electromyogram.
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Study Notes
- Syringomyelia is a condition characterized by a fluid-filled cavity or cyst called a syrinx in the spinal cord.
- The syrinx can expand over time, compressing or destroying surrounding nerve tissue.
- Developed when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) around the spinal cord or lower brain stem is disturbed.
- Congenital type of syringomyelia is often associated with a Chiari malformation, hydrocephalus, or larger than normal connected cavities.
- Acquired syringomyelia can be idiopathic or caused by a spinal cord tumor or tethered cord, among other unknown reasons.
- Symptoms include pain, weakness, headaches, reduced skin sensations, muscle atrophy, and sexual dysfunction, among others.
- Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a neurological disorder characterized by degeneration of the spinal cord, particularly affecting the posterior and lateral columns.
- Most commonly caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12, which makes the myelin sheath more susceptible to damage.
- SCD symptoms include sensory disturbances, muscle weakness, difficulty with coordination, and impaired balance and reflexes.
- Diagnosis includes medical history, physical examination, and various tests such as CT scan, MRI, X-ray, and electromyogram.
- Post-operative complications include infection, incomplete removal of a herniated disc or bone spur, spinal fluid leak, paralysis, injury to an individual nerve, and adverse effects of anesthesia.
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Description
Test your knowledge of evaluating and diagnosing musculoskeletal conditions. This quiz covers the history of symptoms, physical examinations, imaging tests, and electro-diagnosis tests used for diagnosing musculoskeletal disorders.
