Musculos del extremitates inferior
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the Psoas major and its proximal to distal attachments?

Hip flexion; Lumbar vertebrae - Lesser trochanter

What is the function of the Iliacus and its proximal to distal attachments?

Hip flexion; Iliac fossa - Femur

What is the function of the Rectus femoris and its proximal to distal attachments?

Knee extension, Hip flexion; Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS) - Quadricep tendon -> Patella tendon -> Tibial tuberosity

What is the function of the Vastus medialis and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Knee extension; Greater trochanter -&gt; Intertrochanteric line -&gt; Linea aspera - Quadricep tendon -&gt; Patella tendon -&gt; Tibial tuberosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Vastus intermedius and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Knee extension; Greater trochanter -&gt; Intertrochanteric line -&gt; Linea aspera - Quadricep tendon -&gt; Patella tendon -&gt; Tibial tuberosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Sartorius and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip flexion, Knee flexion, Abuduction, External rotation; Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) - Medial surface of tibia by PES ANSERINUS</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Pectineus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip adduction; Pubic bone - Linea aspera</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Adductor longus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip adduction; Pubic bone - Linea aspera</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Gracilis and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip adduction; Pubic bone - Medial surface of tibia by PES ANSERINUS</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Adductor magnus (adductor part) and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Thigh adduction; Pubic bone - Linea aspera</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Adductor magnus (hamstring part)?

<p>Hip extension; Pubic bone - Adductor tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Semimembranosus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip extension, Knee flexion; Ischial tuberosity - Medial surface of proximal tibia by PES ANSERINUS</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Biceps femoris (long head) and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip extension, Knee flexion; Ischial tuberosity - Fibular head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Gluteus maximus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip extension from flexed position (MAIN), Hip extension form relaxed position, External rotation; Posterior Iliim &amp; Sacrum - Gluteal tuberosity (femur) &amp; IT band</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Tensor fascia latae and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip abduction; ASIS &amp; Iliac crest - IT band</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Piriformis and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>External rotation of hip; Sacrum - Greater trochanter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Gastrocnemius and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Plantarflexion, Knee flexion; Medial and lateral femoral condyles - Calcaneus through calcaneal tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Flexor hallucis longus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Plantarflexion, Flexes big toe; Posterior fibula - Distal phalanx of big toe</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Tibialis posterior and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Inversion, Plantarflexion; Posterior fibula - Tarsal &amp; Metatarsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Flexor digitorum longus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Plantarflexion, Flexes toes 2-5; Posterior fibula - Distal phalanx of toes 2-5</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Fibularis (Peroneus) longus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Eversion, Plantarflexion; Proximal fibula - Medial surface of tarsal &amp; metatarsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Obturator Externus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>Hip adduction; Pubic bone - linea aspera</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Superior gamellus and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>External rotation of hip; Ischium - Greater trochanter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Quadriceps femoris and its proximal to distal attachments?

<p>External rotation of hip; Ischium - Greater trochanter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles are located in the anterior thigh?

<p>Vastus medialis (A), Rectus femoris (B), Sartorius (C), Psoas major (D), Iliacus (E), Vastus Lateralis (F), Vastus intermedius (G)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles are located in the medial thigh?

<p>Adductor longus (A), Adductor brevis (B), Pectinus (C), Gracilis (D), Adductor magnus (hamstring &amp; adductor) (E), Obturator externus (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles are located in the gluteal region?

<p>Gluteus minimus (A), Superior gemellus (B), Gluteus medius (C), Piriformis (D), Gluteus maximus (E), Tensor fascia latte (F), Inferior gemellus (G), Quadratus femoris (H), Obturator internus (I)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles are located in the superficial posterior leg?

<p>Plantaris (A), Soleus (B), Gastrocnemius (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles are located in the deep posterior leg?

<p>Flexor digitorum longus (A), Popliteus (B), Tibialis posterior (C), Flexor hallius longus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles are located in the lateral leg?

<p>Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis (A), Fibularis (Peroneus) longus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What artery provides the primary blood supply to the anterior thigh?

<p>Femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What artery provides the primary blood supply to the medial thigh?

<p>Obturator artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What artery provides the primary blood supply to the posterior leg?

<p>Posterior tibial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What artery provides the primary blood supply to the lateral leg?

<p>Fibular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Psoas major?

<p>Lumbar spinal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Iliacus?

<p>Femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Rectus femoris?

<p>Femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Vastus medialis?

<p>Femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Vastus intermedius?

<p>Femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Sartorius?

<p>Femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Pectineus?

<p>Obturator nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Psoas major: function e attachmentes

Flexion del coxa; attachmentes: Vertebras lumbar - Trochanter minor.

Iliacus: function e attachmentes

Flexion del coxa; attachmentes: Fossa iliac - Femur.

Rectus femoris: function e attachmentes

Extension del geniculo, flexion del coxa; attachmentes: AIIS - Tuberositate tibial.

Vastus medialis: function e attachmentes

Extension del geniculo; attachmentes: Grande trochanter - Tuberositate tibial.

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Vastus lateralis: function e attachmentes

Extension del geniculo; attachmentes: Grande trochanter - Tuberositate tibial.

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Vastus intermedius: function e attachmentes

Extension del geniculo; attachmentes: Femur - Tuberositate tibial.

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Sartorius: function e attachmentes

Flexion del coxa e geniculo, abduction, rotation externe; attachmentes: ASIS - Tibia medial.

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Pectineus: function e attachmentes

Adduction del coxa; attachmentes: Osso pubic - Linea aspera.

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Adductor longus: function e attachmentes

Adduction del coxa; attachmentes: Osso pubic - Linea aspera.

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Adductor brevis: function e attachmentes

Adduction del coxa; attachmentes: Osso pubic - Linea aspera.

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Gracilis: function e attachmentes

Adduction del coxa; attachmentes: Osso pubic - Tibia medial.

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Adductor magnus (adductor): function e attachmentes

Adduction del coxa; attachmentes: Osso pubic - Linea aspera.

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Adductor magnus (hamstring): function e attachmentes

Extension del coxa; attachmentes: Osso pubic - Tuberculo adductor.

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Semimembranosus: function e attachmentes

Extension del coxa, flexion del geniculo; attachmentes: Tuberositate ischial - Tibia medial.

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Semitendinosus: function e attachmentes

Extension del coxa, flexion del geniculo; attachmentes: Tuberositate ischial - Capite fibular.

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Biceps femoris (capite longe): function e attachmentes

Extension del coxa, flexion del geniculo; attachmentes: Tuberositate ischial - Capite fibular.

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Biceps femoris (capite curte): function e attachmentes

Flexion del geniculo; attachmentes: Linea aspera - Capite fibular.

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Gluteus maximus: function e attachmentes

Extension del coxa, rotation externe; attachmentes: Ilium posterior - Tuberositate gluteal.

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Gluteus medius: function e attachmentes

Abduction del coxa, rotation medial; attachmentes: Ilium posterior - Grande trochanter.

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Gluteus minimus: function e attachmentes

Abduction del coxa, rotation medial; attachmentes: Ilium posterior - Grande trochanter.

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Tensor fascia latae: function e attachmentes

Abduction del coxa; attachmentes: ASIS - Banda IT.

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Piriformis: function e attachmentes

Rotation externe del coxa; attachmentes: Sacrum - Grande trochanter.

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Gastrocnemius: function e attachmentes

Flexion plantar, flexion del geniculo; attachmentes: Condylos femoral - Calcaneo.

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Soleus: function e attachmentes

Flexion plantar; attachmentes: Fibula anterior - Calcaneo.

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Flexor hallucis longus: function e attachmentes

Flexion plantar, flexion del halluce; attachmentes: Fibula posterior - Phalanx distal del halluce.

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Tibialis posterior: function e attachmentes

Inversion, flexion plantar; attachmentes: Fibula posterior - Tarsos e metatarsos.

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Flexor digitorum longus: function e attachmentes

Flexion plantar, flexion del digitos 2-5; attachmentes: Fibula posterior - Phalangos distal del digitos 2-5.

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Fibularis (Peroneus) longus: function e attachmentes

Eversion, flexion plantar; attachmentes: Fibula proximal - Tarse e metatarso medial.

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Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis: function e attachmentes

Eversion, flexion plantar; attachmentes: Fibula distal - 5e metatarso.

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Tibialis anterior: function e attachmentes

Dorsiflexion, inversion; attachmentes: Tibia anterior - Tarse e metatarso plantar medial.

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Study Notes

Musculos del extremitates inferior: Anatomia e functiones

Musculos del fronte del coxa

  • Psoas major: il causa flexion del coxa e attacca del vertebras lumbar al trochanter minor.
  • Iliacus: il causa flexion del coxa e attacca del fossa iliac al femore.
  • Rectus femoris: il causa extension del geniculo e flexion del coxa; su attaccamentos es del spina iliac anterior inferior (AIIS) al tuberositate tibial via le tendones quadricepital e patellar.
  • Vastus medialis: il causa extension del geniculo e attacca del trochanter major, linea intertrochanteric e linea aspera al tuberositate tibial via le tendones quadricepital e patellar.
  • Vastus lateralis: il causa extension del geniculo e attacca del trochanter major, linea intertrochanteric e linea aspera al tuberositate tibial via le tendones quadricepital e patellar.
  • Vastus intermedius: il causa extension del geniculo e attacca del trochanter major, linea intertrochanteric e linea aspera al tuberositate tibial via le tendones quadricepital e patellar.
  • Sartorius: il causa flexion del coxa e del geniculo, abduction e rotation externe, e attacca del spina iliac anterior superior (ASIS) al superficie medial del tibia presso le pes anserinus.

Musculos medial del coxa

  • Pectineus: il adduce le coxa e attacca del osso pubic al linea aspera.
  • Adductor longus: il adduce le coxa e attacca del osso pubic al linea aspera.
  • Adductor brevis: il adduce le coxa e attacca del osso pubic al linea aspera.
  • Gracilis: il adduce le coxa e attacca del osso pubic al superficie medial del tibia presso le pes anserinus.
  • Adductor magnus (parte adductor): il adduce le femore e attacca del osso pubic al linea aspera.
  • Adductor magnus (parte hamstring): il extende le coxa e attacca del osso pubic al tuberculo adductor.

Musculos posterior del coxa

  • Semimembranosus: il extende le coxa e flecte le geniculo, e attacca del tuberositate ischial al superficie medial del tibia proximal presso le pes anserinus.
  • Semitendinosus: il extende le coxa e flecte le geniculo, e attacca del tuberositate ischial al capite fibular.
  • Biceps femoris (capite longe): il extende le coxa e flecte le geniculo, e attacca del tuberositate ischial al capite fibular.
  • Biceps femoris (capite curte): il flecte le geniculo (sin extension del coxa), e attacca del linea aspera al capite fibular.

Musculos del region gluteal

  • Gluteus maximus: il extende le coxa ab un position flexe (principal), e attacca del ilium posterior e sacrum al tuberositate gluteal (femore) e banda IT.
  • Gluteus medius: il abduce e rota medialmente le coxa, e attacca del ilium posterior al trochanter major.
  • Gluteus minimus: il abduce e rota medialmente le coxa, e attacca del ilium posterior al trochanter major.
  • Tensor fascia latae: il abduce le coxa e attacca del ASIS e cresta iliac al banda IT.
  • Piriformis: il rota externemente le coxa e attacca del sacrum al trochanter major.

Musculos superficial posterior del gamba

  • Gastrocnemius: il causa plantarflexion e flexion del geniculo, e attacca del condyles femoral medial e lateral al calcaneo via le tendone calcaneal.
  • Soleus: il causa plantarflexion e attacca del fibula e tibia anterior al calcaneo via le tendone calcaneal.

Musculos posterior del gamba

  • Flexor hallucis longus: il causa plantarflexion e flexion del pollice, e attacca del fibula posterior al phalanx distal del pollice.
  • Tibialis posterior: il causa inversion e plantarflexion, e attacca del fibula posterior al tarsal e metatarsal.
  • Flexor digitorum longus: il causa plantarflexion e flexion del digitos 2-5, e attacca del fibula posterior al phalanx distal del digitos 2-5.

Musculos lateral del gamba

  • Fibularis (Peroneus) longus: il causa eversion e plantarflexion, e attacca del fibula proximal al superficie medial del tarsal e metatarsal.
  • Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis: il causa eversion e plantarflexion, e attacca del fibula distal al 5e metatarsal.

Musculos anterior del gamba

  • Tibialis anterior: il causa dorsiflexion e inversion, e attacca del tibia anterior al superficie plantar del tarsal e metatarsal medial.
  • Extensor hallucis longus: il causa dorsiflexion e extende le pollice, e attacca del fibula anterior al phalanx distal del pollice.
  • Extensor digitorum longus: il causa dorsiflexion e extende le digitos 2-5, e attacca del condyle tibial lateral e fibula al phalanx distal del digitos 2-5.
  • Fibularis (Peroneus) tertius: il causa dorsiflexion e eversion, e attacca del superficie medial del fibula al superficie dorsal del digito 5.

Altere musculos

  • Obturator externus: Function: Hip adduction Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone Distal Attachment: linea aspera
  • Superior gamellus: il rota externemente le coxa e attacca del ischium al trochanter major.
  • Obturator internus: il rota externemente le coxa e attacca del ischium al trochanter major.
  • Inferior gamellus: il rota externemente le coxa e attacca del ischium al trochanter major.
  • Quadriceps femoris: il rota externemente le coxa e attacca del ischium al trochanter major.
  • Plantaris: il flecte le geniculo e attacca del condyle femoral lateral al tendone calcaneal.
  • Popliteus: il flecte le geniculo (disclaudente le geniculo) e attacca del epicondyle femoral al tibia posterior.

Vases sanguinari e innervation

Supply de sanguine arteriose

  • Fronto del coxa: সরবরাহকৃত ধমনী ফেমোরাল ধমনী
  • Dorso de la coxa: সরবরাহকৃত ধমনী পেছনের উরুর গভীর ধমনী।
  • Medial lado de la coxa: সরবরাহকৃত ধমনী阻力传感器。
  • Fronto de la gamba: suministro de sangre arteriosa es la arteria tibial anterior
  • Dorso de la gamba: Arteria tibial posterior suministra sangre .
  • Lado lateral de la gamba: সরবরাহকৃত সংবহনতান্ত্রিক ফিবুলার ধমনী।

Innervation

  • Psoas major: Innervation se hace a través de los nervios espinales lumbares.
  • Iliacus: El nervio femoral inerva.
  • Rectus femoris: El nervio femoral inerva.
  • Vastus medialis: El nervio femoral inerva.
  • Vastus intermedius: El nervio femoral inerva.
  • Vastus lateralis: El nervio femoral inerva.
  • Sartorius: El nervio femoral inerva.
  • Pectineus: El nervio obturador inerva.
  • Adductor longus: El nervio obturador inerva.
  • Adductor brevis: El nervio obturador inerva.
  • Obturator externus: El nervio obturador inerva.
  • Gracilis: El nervio obturador inerva.
  • Adductor magnus (ADDUCTOR): El nervio obturador inerva.
  • Adductor magnus (HAMSTRING): La división tibial del nervio ciático inerva.
  • Semimembranosus: La división tibial del nervio ciático inerva.
  • Semitendinosus: La división tibial del nervio ciático inerva.
  • Biceps femoris (CAPITE LONGE): La división tibial del nervio ciático inerva.
  • Biceps femoris (CAPITE COURTE): El nervio fibular (peroneal) común inerva.
  • Gluteus maximus: El nervio glúteo inferior inerva.
  • Gluteus medius: El nervio glúteo superior inerva.
  • Gluteus minimus: El nervio glúteo superior inerva.
  • Tensor fascia latae: El nervio glúteo superior inerva.
  • Gastrocnemius: El nervio tibial inerva.
  • Soleus: El nervio tibial inerva.
  • Plantaris: El nervio tibial inerva.
  • Flexor hallucis longus: El nervio tibial inerva.
  • Tibial posterior: El nervio tibial .nervates.
  • Flexor digitorium longus: El nervio tibial inerva.
  • Popliteus: El nervio tibial innerva.
  • Fibularis (Peroneus) longus: El nervio fibular (peroneal) superficial innerva.
  • Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis: El nervio fibular superficial innerva.
  • Tibialis anterior: El nervio fibular profundo inerva.
  • Extensor hallucis longus: El nervio fibular profundo inerva.
  • Extensor digitorium longus: El nervio fibular profundo inerva.
  • Fibularis (Peroneus) tertius: El nervio fibular profundo inerva.

Resumie de innervation per nervo

  • Nervo fibular profunde: Innerva tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius.
  • Nervo fibular superficial: Innerva fibularis longus e fibularis brevis.
  • Nervo tibial: Innerva soleus, popliteus, plantaris, tibialis posterior, gastrocnemius, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus.
  • Nervo gluteal superior: Innerva gluteus minimus, gluteus medius, tensor fascia latae.
  • Nervo gluteal inferior: Innerva gluteus maximus.
  • Nervo fibular (peroneal) commun: Innerva biceps femoris (capite curte).
  • Division tibial del nervo sciatic: Innerva biceps femoris (capite longe), semitendinosus, semimembranosus, adductor magnus (hamstring).
  • Nervo obturator: Innerva adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus (adductor), obturator externus, gracilis, pectineus.
  • Nervo femoral: Innerva iliacus, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, sartorius, rectus femoris.
  • Nervo spinal lumbar: Innerva psoas major.

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Description

Exploration del anatomia e functiones del musculos in le extremitates inferior. Discerne le musculos del fronte del coxa, lor attaccamentos e rolos in le movimento. Le psoas major, iliacus, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, lateralis e intermedius es discutite.

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