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Questions and Answers
What type of muscles are found in the upper limbs?
What type of muscles are found in the upper limbs?
- Smooth muscles
- Skeletal pennate muscles (correct)
- Cardiac muscles
- Skeletal muscles
What is another name for skeletal muscles?
What is another name for skeletal muscles?
- Involuntary muscles
- Circular muscles
- Tendinous muscles
- Striated muscles (correct)
What type of muscle classification applies when fibers are attached on both sides of a tendon?
What type of muscle classification applies when fibers are attached on both sides of a tendon?
- Bipennate (correct)
- Unipennate
- Circular
- Multipennate
Which muscle is an example of a convergent type of muscle?
Which muscle is an example of a convergent type of muscle?
What is the name of the fibrous cord that attaches muscle to bone?
What is the name of the fibrous cord that attaches muscle to bone?
What is the classification of skeletal muscles based on the arrangement of their fibers?
What is the classification of skeletal muscles based on the arrangement of their fibers?
Which of the following is an example of a pennate muscle?
Which of the following is an example of a pennate muscle?
Which type of skeletal muscle has fibers arranged in a circular shape?
Which type of skeletal muscle has fibers arranged in a circular shape?
What is the fixed part of a skeletal muscle called?
What is the fixed part of a skeletal muscle called?
Which type of muscle is found in the walls of blood vessels and internal organs?
Which type of muscle is found in the walls of blood vessels and internal organs?
What percentage of body weight do skeletal muscles represent?
What percentage of body weight do skeletal muscles represent?
Which type of muscle is voluntary and striated?
Which type of muscle is voluntary and striated?
What is the primary function of skeletal muscles?
What is the primary function of skeletal muscles?
Which part of the skeletal muscle is the contractile part?
Which part of the skeletal muscle is the contractile part?
Smooth muscles are primarily located in which of the following?
Smooth muscles are primarily located in which of the following?
What characterizes cardiac muscle tissue?
What characterizes cardiac muscle tissue?
What is the tendon in skeletal muscle responsible for?
What is the tendon in skeletal muscle responsible for?
What type of muscles are smooth muscles?
What type of muscles are smooth muscles?
Flashcards
Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
Muscle tissue attached to bones, responsible for voluntary movements. Has visible stripes (striated) and is controlled by the somatic nervous system.
Smooth Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Muscle tissue found in internal organs (like the stomach and intestines). Doesn't have stripes (non-striated) and is involuntary.
Cardiac Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Muscle tissue found only in the heart. It's involuntary and has a unique striped (striated) appearance.
Muscle Origin
Muscle Origin
The fixed point of attachment of a muscle to a bone or other structure.
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Muscle Insertion
Muscle Insertion
The movable point of attachment of a muscle to a bone or other structure.
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Muscle Tendon
Muscle Tendon
A tough, fibrous cord of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
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Muscle Aponeurosis
Muscle Aponeurosis
A broad, flat tendon that attaches to muscle and often spreads out over a broad area.
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Voluntary Muscle
Voluntary Muscle
Muscle that is consciously controlled.
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Involuntary Muscle
Involuntary Muscle
Muscle that functions without conscious control.
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Skeletal muscle classification
Skeletal muscle classification
Skeletal muscles are categorized by the arrangement of their fibers into parallel and oblique types.
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Parallel muscle fibers
Parallel muscle fibers
Muscle fibers are arranged parallel to the muscle's long axis.
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Quadrilateral muscle
Quadrilateral muscle
A type of parallel muscle with four approximately equally-sized sides.
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Strap-like muscle
Strap-like muscle
A type of parallel muslce with a long, flat, and narrow shape, resembling a strap.
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Strap-like with tendinous intersections
Strap-like with tendinous intersections
Parallel muscle fibers have tendinous connective tissue within the muscle.
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Fusiform muscle
Fusiform muscle
A type of parallel muscle that tapers at both ends, with a wider belly in the middle.
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Oblique muscle fibers
Oblique muscle fibers
Muscle fibers arranged at an angle relative to the muscle's long axis.
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Pennate muscle
Pennate muscle
Muscle fibers that attach obliquely to a central tendon.
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Unipennate muscle
Unipennate muscle
Muscle fibers attached to one side of a tendon.
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Bipennate muscle
Bipennate muscle
Muscle fibers attached to both sides of a tendon.
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Multipennate muscle
Multipennate muscle
Muscle fibers attached to multiple tendons.
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Circumpennate muscle
Circumpennate muscle
Muscle fibers that wrap around a central tendon from all sides.
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Triangular oblique muscle
Triangular oblique muscle
Muscle fibers arranged in a triangular shape.
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Circular muscle
Circular muscle
Muscle fibers arranged in a circular pattern, forming a sphincter.
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Convergent muscle
Convergent muscle
Muscle that is broad at its origin and tapers to a narrower insertion.
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Muscle belly
Muscle belly
The fleshy part of the muscle, containing the contractile tissue.
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Origin of skeletal muscle
Origin of skeletal muscle
The fixed attachment point of skeletal muscle, usually the more stationary bone.
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Insertion of skeletal muscle
Insertion of skeletal muscle
The attachment point of skeletal muscle that moves during contraction.
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Muscle Aponeurosis
Muscle Aponeurosis
A sheet-like fibrous expansion of tendon.
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Muscles in upper limbs
Muscles in upper limbs
Skeletal muscles
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Another name for skeletal muscles
Another name for skeletal muscles
Striated muscles
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Muscle attachment to bone
Muscle attachment to bone
Tendon
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Muscle fiber arrangement: Unipennate
Muscle fiber arrangement: Unipennate
Fibers attached to one side of tendon
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Muscle fiber arrangement: Bipennate
Muscle fiber arrangement: Bipennate
Fibers attaching to both sides of a tendon.
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Muscle fiber arrangement: Convergent
Muscle fiber arrangement: Convergent
Wide muscle spreading to a point of attachment
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Muscle type: Circular
Muscle type: Circular
Forms a ring around an opening or passage
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Muscle fiber arrangement: Parallel
Muscle fiber arrangement: Parallel
Fibers run parallel to the tendon.
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Muscle fiber arrangement: Multipennate
Muscle fiber arrangement: Multipennate
Fibers attaching in multiple directions and multiple sides to tendon.
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Flat tendon
Flat tendon
Aponeurosis
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Example of Convergent Muscle
Example of Convergent Muscle
Pectoralis major
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Muscular System
- Over 600 skeletal muscles in the body
- Account for 40-50% of body weight
- Muscles and skeleton give body shape and contour
Functions of Skeletal Muscles
- Enable body movement
- Maintain posture
- Stabilize joints
- Position the body
- Generate heat
Definition of Muscle
- The only body tissue able to contract in response to stimuli
- Muscle contraction leads to movement of body parts
Types of Muscles
- Three types: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
Smooth Muscle
- Non-striated
- Spindle-shaped, uninucleated
- Involuntary
- Found in walls of internal organs (blood vessels, bladder, digestive tract)
- Controlled by autonomic nervous system
Cardiac Muscle
- Rectangular in shape
- Found only in the heart
- Involuntary (responds to electrical impulses)
- Controlled by autonomic nervous system
- Uni-nucleated, striated
Skeletal Muscle
- Striated and tubular
- Multinucleated
- Voluntary (controlled by somatic nervous system)
- Attached to bones
- Found in limbs, abdomen, head, and neck
Differences Between Muscle Types
- Smooth: Non-striated, spindle-shaped, involuntary
- Cardiac: Striated, branched, uninucleated, involuntary
- Skeletal: Striated, tubular, multinucleated, voluntary
Parts of Skeletal Muscle
- Origin: Fixed attachment point on a bone
- Insertion: Movable attachment point on a bone
- Belly (fleshy part): Contractile, thicker middle section of muscle
- Tendon: Fibrous cord connecting muscle to bone
- Aponeurosis: Flattened tendon connecting muscles to bone
Types of Skeletal Muscles
-
Parallel Fibers:
- Quadrilateral
- Strap-like
- Strap-like with intersections
- Fusiform
-
Oblique Fibers:
- Pennate: Unipennate, Bipennate, Multipennate, and Circumpennate
- Triangular (e.g., trapezius)
- Convergent (e.g., pectoralis major)
- Circular (e.g., sphincters)
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