Muscular System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What type of muscles are found in the upper limbs?

  • Smooth muscles
  • Skeletal pennate muscles (correct)
  • Cardiac muscles
  • Skeletal muscles

What is another name for skeletal muscles?

  • Involuntary muscles
  • Circular muscles
  • Tendinous muscles
  • Striated muscles (correct)

What type of muscle classification applies when fibers are attached on both sides of a tendon?

  • Bipennate (correct)
  • Unipennate
  • Circular
  • Multipennate

Which muscle is an example of a convergent type of muscle?

<p>Pectoralis major (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fibrous cord that attaches muscle to bone?

<p>Tendon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of skeletal muscles based on the arrangement of their fibers?

<p>Arrangement of fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a pennate muscle?

<p>Rectus abdominis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of skeletal muscle has fibers arranged in a circular shape?

<p>Circular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fixed part of a skeletal muscle called?

<p>Origin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is found in the walls of blood vessels and internal organs?

<p>Smooth muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of body weight do skeletal muscles represent?

<p>40 to 50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is voluntary and striated?

<p>Skeletal muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of skeletal muscles?

<p>Body movements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the skeletal muscle is the contractile part?

<p>Belly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smooth muscles are primarily located in which of the following?

<p>Lining of blood vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes cardiac muscle tissue?

<p>Striated and involuntary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendon in skeletal muscle responsible for?

<p>Attaching muscle to bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscles are smooth muscles?

<p>Non-striated and involuntary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Skeletal Muscle

Muscle tissue attached to bones, responsible for voluntary movements. Has visible stripes (striated) and is controlled by the somatic nervous system.

Smooth Muscle

Muscle tissue found in internal organs (like the stomach and intestines). Doesn't have stripes (non-striated) and is involuntary.

Cardiac Muscle

Muscle tissue found only in the heart. It's involuntary and has a unique striped (striated) appearance.

Muscle Origin

The fixed point of attachment of a muscle to a bone or other structure.

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Muscle Insertion

The movable point of attachment of a muscle to a bone or other structure.

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Muscle Tendon

A tough, fibrous cord of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.

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Muscle Aponeurosis

A broad, flat tendon that attaches to muscle and often spreads out over a broad area.

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Voluntary Muscle

Muscle that is consciously controlled.

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Involuntary Muscle

Muscle that functions without conscious control.

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Skeletal muscle classification

Skeletal muscles are categorized by the arrangement of their fibers into parallel and oblique types.

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Parallel muscle fibers

Muscle fibers are arranged parallel to the muscle's long axis.

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Quadrilateral muscle

A type of parallel muscle with four approximately equally-sized sides.

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Strap-like muscle

A type of parallel muslce with a long, flat, and narrow shape, resembling a strap.

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Strap-like with tendinous intersections

Parallel muscle fibers have tendinous connective tissue within the muscle.

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Fusiform muscle

A type of parallel muscle that tapers at both ends, with a wider belly in the middle.

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Oblique muscle fibers

Muscle fibers arranged at an angle relative to the muscle's long axis.

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Pennate muscle

Muscle fibers that attach obliquely to a central tendon.

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Unipennate muscle

Muscle fibers attached to one side of a tendon.

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Bipennate muscle

Muscle fibers attached to both sides of a tendon.

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Multipennate muscle

Muscle fibers attached to multiple tendons.

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Circumpennate muscle

Muscle fibers that wrap around a central tendon from all sides.

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Triangular oblique muscle

Muscle fibers arranged in a triangular shape.

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Circular muscle

Muscle fibers arranged in a circular pattern, forming a sphincter.

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Convergent muscle

Muscle that is broad at its origin and tapers to a narrower insertion.

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Muscle belly

The fleshy part of the muscle, containing the contractile tissue.

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Origin of skeletal muscle

The fixed attachment point of skeletal muscle, usually the more stationary bone.

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Insertion of skeletal muscle

The attachment point of skeletal muscle that moves during contraction.

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Muscle Aponeurosis

A sheet-like fibrous expansion of tendon.

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Muscles in upper limbs

Skeletal muscles

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Another name for skeletal muscles

Striated muscles

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Muscle attachment to bone

Tendon

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Muscle fiber arrangement: Unipennate

Fibers attached to one side of tendon

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Muscle fiber arrangement: Bipennate

Fibers attaching to both sides of a tendon.

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Muscle fiber arrangement: Convergent

Wide muscle spreading to a point of attachment

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Muscle type: Circular

Forms a ring around an opening or passage

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Muscle fiber arrangement: Parallel

Fibers run parallel to the tendon.

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Muscle fiber arrangement: Multipennate

Fibers attaching in multiple directions and multiple sides to tendon.

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Flat tendon

Aponeurosis

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Example of Convergent Muscle

Pectoralis major

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Study Notes

Muscular System

  • Over 600 skeletal muscles in the body
  • Account for 40-50% of body weight
  • Muscles and skeleton give body shape and contour

Functions of Skeletal Muscles

  • Enable body movement
  • Maintain posture
  • Stabilize joints
  • Position the body
  • Generate heat

Definition of Muscle

  • The only body tissue able to contract in response to stimuli
  • Muscle contraction leads to movement of body parts

Types of Muscles

  • Three types: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

Smooth Muscle

  • Non-striated
  • Spindle-shaped, uninucleated
  • Involuntary
  • Found in walls of internal organs (blood vessels, bladder, digestive tract)
  • Controlled by autonomic nervous system

Cardiac Muscle

  • Rectangular in shape
  • Found only in the heart
  • Involuntary (responds to electrical impulses)
  • Controlled by autonomic nervous system
  • Uni-nucleated, striated

Skeletal Muscle

  • Striated and tubular
  • Multinucleated
  • Voluntary (controlled by somatic nervous system)
  • Attached to bones
  • Found in limbs, abdomen, head, and neck

Differences Between Muscle Types

  • Smooth: Non-striated, spindle-shaped, involuntary
  • Cardiac: Striated, branched, uninucleated, involuntary
  • Skeletal: Striated, tubular, multinucleated, voluntary

Parts of Skeletal Muscle

  • Origin: Fixed attachment point on a bone
  • Insertion: Movable attachment point on a bone
  • Belly (fleshy part): Contractile, thicker middle section of muscle
  • Tendon: Fibrous cord connecting muscle to bone
  • Aponeurosis: Flattened tendon connecting muscles to bone

Types of Skeletal Muscles

  • Parallel Fibers:

    • Quadrilateral
    • Strap-like
    • Strap-like with intersections
    • Fusiform

  • Oblique Fibers:

    • Pennate: Unipennate, Bipennate, Multipennate, and Circumpennate
    • Triangular (e.g., trapezius)
    • Convergent (e.g., pectoralis major)
    • Circular (e.g., sphincters)

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Muscular System PDF

Description

Explore the anatomy and functions of the muscular system, focusing on skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. This quiz will test your knowledge on muscle types, their roles in movement, and their contribution to body weight and heat generation.

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