Muscular Dystrophy Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of muscular dystrophy?

  • Nutritional deficiencies
  • Environmental factors
  • Genetic anomalies (correct)
  • Viral infections

    • Which of the following is NOT a common complication of muscular dystrophy?

  • Postural deviations
  • Pressure injuries
  • Spasms/cramps
  • Muscle hypertrophy (correct)

    • What is the most severe form of muscular dystrophy?

  • Facioscapulohumeral MD
  • Duchenne MD (correct)
  • Becker MD
  • Myotonic MD

    • What is the best description of a spasm/cramp?

    <p>Involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common contributing factor to spasms/cramps in athletes?

    <p>Dehydration or electrolyte imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best description of a strain?

    <p>An injury involving the tearing of myofibers and production of scar tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cancer originates in bone tissue?

    <p>Osteosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is most likely to develop osteosarcoma?

    <p>Adolescents and young adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of myofascial pain syndrome?

    <p>Taut bands or nodules with a predictable trigger point map</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of trigger points developing in myofascial pain syndrome?

    <p>Micro-injuries leading to a pain-spasm cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does myofascial pain syndrome differ from fibromyalgia?

    <p>Myofascial pain syndrome is localized, while fibromyalgia is widespread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor contributing to the development of thoracic outlet syndrome?

    <p>Repetitive movements with the arms and shoulders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of acute pain associated with bunions?

    <p>Footwear that squeezes the toes or forces weight onto the medial aspect of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely cause of the majority of bunions?

    <p>Footwear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom associated with bunions?

    <p>Muscle weakness in the lower extremity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key feature of thoracic outlet syndrome?

    <p>Neurovascular entrapment of the brachial plexus and blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial stage of a frozen shoulder characterized by?

    <p>Severe and slowly progressing pain in one shoulder at night</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely complication an adult with a Baker cyst may experience?

    <p>Joint problems like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, gout, or knee injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most serious complication that can occur as a result of a Baker cyst?

    <p>Possible for the cyst to impede flow through the lesser saphenous vein causing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or thrombophlebitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which age group and diet are most likely to develop gout?

    <p>Men aged 40-50 years with a 'rich' diet high in purines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most frequent location to develop gout?

    <p>Feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best description of the pain associated with gout?

    <p>Sudden onset of swelling, hot, red, and shiny joint with possible fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a subluxation and a dislocation?

    <p>Subluxation: Bones are out of optimal alignment. Dislocation: Articulating bones don't touch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is gout related to renal function?

    <p>Hyperuricemia, a condition associated with gout, can lead to kidney stones and renal failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an effective precaution against contracting Lyme disease?

    <p>Wearing long sleeves and pants when outdoors in high tick infested areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best description of osteoarthritis?

    <p>A condition in which the synovial joints lose healthy cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is likely to lead to osteoarthritis?

    <p>Wear and tear, biomechanical factors, consequences of inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis?

    <p>Deep pain, stiffness, possible crepitus and may be triggered by the weather</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes patellofemoral pain syndrome?

    <p>A group of conditions in which the patellar cartilage becomes irritated, affects the tracking of the patella, may also be a precursor to osteoarthritis of the knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors commonly contribute to patellofemoral pain syndrome?

    <p>Overuse/overloading, poor alignment – exaggerated Q angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is spondylolisthesis?

    <p>A structural problem in the lumbar spine allows one or more vertebral bodies to slip anteriorly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure in the lumbar spine, if compromised and weak, can lead to spondylolisthesis?

    <p>Pars interarticularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of a hiatal hernia?

    <p>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of symptoms in Morton's neuroma?

    <p>Compression of the common digital nerve by a connective tissue sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a degeneration and irritation of collagen in the plantar fascia?

    <p>Plantar fasciitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common factor associated with pes planus (flat feet)?

    <p>Weakness in the tibialis posterior tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of a hernia if the entrapped structures become strangulated?

    <p>Tissue necrosis and loss of blood supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with underlying diseases like muscular dystrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome?

    <p>Pes cavus (high-arched feet)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom experienced by individuals with pes planus (flat feet) or pes cavus (high-arched feet)?

    <p>Gait and movement compensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common factor that can contribute to the development of plantar fasciitis?

    <p>Bad footwear or being overweight</p> Signup and view all the answers

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