Muscular Dystrophy Overview

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the primary cause of muscular dystrophy?

Nutritional deficiencies

Environmental factors

Genetic anomalies (correct)

Viral infections

Which of the following is NOT a common complication of muscular dystrophy?

Postural deviations

Pressure injuries

Spasms/cramps

Muscle hypertrophy (correct)

What is the most severe form of muscular dystrophy?

Facioscapulohumeral MD

Duchenne MD (correct)

Becker MD

Myotonic MD

What is the best description of a spasm/cramp?

Involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common contributing factor to spasms/cramps in athletes?

Dehydration or electrolyte imbalance Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of a strain?

An injury involving the tearing of myofibers and production of scar tissue Signup and view all the answers

What type of cancer originates in bone tissue?

Osteosarcoma Signup and view all the answers

Who is most likely to develop osteosarcoma?

Adolescents and young adults Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of myofascial pain syndrome?

Taut bands or nodules with a predictable trigger point map Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of trigger points developing in myofascial pain syndrome?

Micro-injuries leading to a pain-spasm cycle Signup and view all the answers

How does myofascial pain syndrome differ from fibromyalgia?

Myofascial pain syndrome is localized, while fibromyalgia is widespread Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor contributing to the development of thoracic outlet syndrome?

Repetitive movements with the arms and shoulders Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of acute pain associated with bunions?

Footwear that squeezes the toes or forces weight onto the medial aspect of the foot Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of the majority of bunions?

Footwear Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom associated with bunions?

Muscle weakness in the lower extremity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key feature of thoracic outlet syndrome?

Neurovascular entrapment of the brachial plexus and blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial stage of a frozen shoulder characterized by?

Severe and slowly progressing pain in one shoulder at night Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely complication an adult with a Baker cyst may experience?

Joint problems like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, gout, or knee injuries Signup and view all the answers

What is the most serious complication that can occur as a result of a Baker cyst?

Possible for the cyst to impede flow through the lesser saphenous vein causing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or thrombophlebitis Signup and view all the answers

Which age group and diet are most likely to develop gout?

Men aged 40-50 years with a 'rich' diet high in purines Signup and view all the answers

What is the most frequent location to develop gout?

Feet Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of the pain associated with gout?

Sudden onset of swelling, hot, red, and shiny joint with possible fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a subluxation and a dislocation?

Subluxation: Bones are out of optimal alignment. Dislocation: Articulating bones don't touch. Signup and view all the answers

Why is gout related to renal function?

Hyperuricemia, a condition associated with gout, can lead to kidney stones and renal failure. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an effective precaution against contracting Lyme disease?

Wearing long sleeves and pants when outdoors in high tick infested areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of osteoarthritis?

A condition in which the synovial joints lose healthy cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is likely to lead to osteoarthritis?

Wear and tear, biomechanical factors, consequences of inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What are the major signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis?

Deep pain, stiffness, possible crepitus and may be triggered by the weather Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes patellofemoral pain syndrome?

A group of conditions in which the patellar cartilage becomes irritated, affects the tracking of the patella, may also be a precursor to osteoarthritis of the knee Signup and view all the answers

What factors commonly contribute to patellofemoral pain syndrome?

Overuse/overloading, poor alignment – exaggerated Q angle Signup and view all the answers

What is spondylolisthesis?

A structural problem in the lumbar spine allows one or more vertebral bodies to slip anteriorly Signup and view all the answers

What structure in the lumbar spine, if compromised and weak, can lead to spondylolisthesis?

Pars interarticularis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of a hiatal hernia?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of symptoms in Morton's neuroma?

Compression of the common digital nerve by a connective tissue sheath Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a degeneration and irritation of collagen in the plantar fascia?

Plantar fasciitis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor associated with pes planus (flat feet)?

Weakness in the tibialis posterior tendon Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of a hernia if the entrapped structures become strangulated?

Tissue necrosis and loss of blood supply Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with underlying diseases like muscular dystrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome?

Pes cavus (high-arched feet) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom experienced by individuals with pes planus (flat feet) or pes cavus (high-arched feet)?

Gait and movement compensations Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor that can contribute to the development of plantar fasciitis?

Bad footwear or being overweight Signup and view all the answers