Muscular Diagnostic and Treatment Flashcards

Diagnostics and Treatment Terminology

• Electromyography: A test that evaluates electrical activity in muscle fibers, triggered by nerve stimulation.
• Electroneuromyography: Involves nerve conduction studies, testing neuromuscular activity through electric stimulation of nerve trunks to identify nerve lesions or muscle pathologies.

Medications

• Antispasmodic: Anticholinergic agents that suppress smooth muscle contractions in the stomach, intestine, or bladder; atropine is commonly used preoperatively to relax these muscles.
• Skeletal muscle relaxant: Medication aimed at easing muscle stiffness, pain, and discomfort from strains and sprains; helps in recovery from injuries.
• Neuromuscular blocker: A drug that induces temporary paralysis by hindering nerve signal transmission to muscles; often used during surgery alongside anesthesia.

Therapeutic Approaches

• Occupational therapy: Focuses on assisting patients in recovering their ability to perform daily living activities through tailored therapeutic activities.
• Myofascial release: A specialized soft tissue manipulation technique designed to alleviate pain associated with conditions like fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.
• Therapeutic ultrasound: Utilizes high-frequency sound waves to promote healing of muscle injuries by generating heat within the muscle tissue.

Injury Management Techniques

• RICE: An acronym for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation; a standard method for managing acute injuries to reduce swelling and pain.
• Fasciotomy: A surgical procedure that involves creating an incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure, often necessary in cases of compartment syndrome.

Surgical Procedures

• Tenodesis: The surgical procedure where the end of a tendon is sutured to a bone, often performed to improve function after tendon injuries.
• Tenotomy: A surgery that involves the division of a tendon to correct deformities caused by the abnormal shortening of a muscle.