Muscle Types Quiz ch 6
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Questions and Answers

Which type of muscle is responsible for voluntary body movement?

  • Skeletal muscle (correct)
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Smooth muscle
  • None of the above

    • Which type of muscle is responsible for involuntary body movement and is found in the heart?

  • Skeletal muscle
  • Cardiac muscle (correct)
  • Smooth muscle
  • None of the above

    • Which type of muscle is responsible for involuntary body movement and is not striated?

  • Skeletal muscle
  • Cardiac muscle
  • Smooth muscle (correct)
  • None of the above

    • Which type of muscle cells are elongated and also referred to as muscle fibers?

    <p>Skeletal muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prefix refers to 'muscle' in the terminology used for muscles?

    <p>Myo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory explains the contraction and shortening of muscles?

    <p>Sliding filament theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory explains the sliding filament theory mostly for skeletal muscle?

    <p>Sliding filament theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is also affected by the sliding filament theory?

    <p>Cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is attached by tendons to bones?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle cells are multinucleate?

    <p>Skeletal muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is striated and subject to conscious control?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is responsible for voluntary body movement?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle cells are multinucleate?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is striated and subject to conscious control?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue wraps around a fascicle (bundle) of muscle fibers?

    <p>Perimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue covers the entire skeletal muscle?

    <p>Epimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue encloses a single muscle fiber? Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue.

    <p>Endomysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue wraps around a fascicle (bundle) of muscle fibers? Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue

    <p>Perimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue encloses a single muscle fiber?

    <p>Endomysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue covers the entire skeletal muscle?

    <p>Epimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue structure attaches muscles indirectly to bones, cartilages, or connective tissue coverings?

    <p>Aponeuroses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue structure mostly consists of collagen fibers and often crosses a joint?

    <p>Tendons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the connective tissue that blends into a connective tissue attachment and surrounds the entire skeletal muscle?

    <p>Epimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fibers are mostly found in tendons?

    <p>Collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do tendons often cross a joint?

    <p>Because of their toughness and small size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are tendons primarily made of?

    <p>Collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is responsible for conscious control?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle cells are spindle-shaped?

    <p>Smooth muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow visceral organs?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Smooth muscle cells are characterized by

    <p>Spindle-shaped cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are smooth muscles mainly found in the body?

    <p>Visceral organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of control is associated with smooth muscles?

    <p>Involuntary control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is characterized by branching cells and is found only in the walls of the heart?

    <p>Cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT associated with cardiac muscle?

    <p>Multiple nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle is responsible for voluntary body movement and has striations?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle cells are found only in the walls of the heart?

    <p>Cardiac muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT associated with cardiac muscle?

    <p>multiple nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is involuntary?

    <p>Cardiac muscle and smooth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is responsible for generating heat in the body?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of skeletal muscle?

    <p>Produce movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle cells are elongated and also referred to as muscle fibers?

    <p>Skeletal muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelles are found inside muscle cells?

    <p>Myofibrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives the muscle its striped appearance?

    <p>light (I) bands and dark (A) bands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specialized plasma membrane of a muscle cell called?

    <p>Sarcolemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which band in the muscle contains only thin filaments?

    <p>I band</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which band in the muscle contains the entire length of the thick filaments?

    <p>A band</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the band contains the entire length of the thick filaments?

    <p>Dark band</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the M line located?

    <p>In the center of the H zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the band is a lighter central area?

    <p>H zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is characterized by branching cells and is found only in the walls of the heart?

    <p>Cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue covers the entire skeletal muscle?

    <p>Epimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle stores and releases calcium in muscle cells?

    <p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surrounds the myofibril in muscle cells?

    <p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which myofilament is responsible for muscle contraction?

    <p>Thick (myosin) myofilament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surrounds the myofibril in muscle cells?

    <p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of muscle cells allows them to be stretched?

    <p>Extensibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of muscle cells allows them to recoil and resume resting length after stretching?

    <p>Elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of muscle cells refers to their ability to receive and respond to a stimulus?

    <p>Irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle must be stimulated by a motor neuron to contract?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a motor unit composed of?

    <p>A motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle cells stimulated by that neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability of a muscle to shorten when an adequate stimulus is received called?

    <p>Contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical is released by the nerve upon arrival of a nerve impulse in the axon terminal?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specialized enzyme that breaks down Acetylcholine (ACh) when the impulse is removed?

    <p>Acetylcholinesterase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the neuromuscular junction occur?

    <p>Between the axon terminal of the motor neuron and the sarcolemma of a muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the synaptic cleft?

    <p>The gap between nerve and muscle where they do not make contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fills the synaptic cleft?

    <p>Interstitial fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the synaptic cleft located?

    <p>Between the nerve and muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion enters the axon terminal of the motor neuron when a nerve impulse is received?

    <p>Calcium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when calcium ions enter the axon terminal?

    <p>Synaptic vesicles release acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does acetylcholine (ACh) attach when it diffuses across the synaptic cleft?

    <p>Receptors on the muscle cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion enters the axon terminal when a nerve impulse reaches it?

    <p>Calcium ions (Ca2+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when enough acetylcholine (ACh) is released into the synaptic cleft?

    <p>The sarcolemma becomes more permeable to sodium (Na+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when sodium (Na+) rushes into the muscle cell?

    <p>Potassium (K+) leaves the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when depolarization occurs in the muscle cell?

    <p>Sodium channels open, once started, action cannot stop and contraction occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine into acetic acid and choline?

    <p>Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) * ends muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the products of acetylcholine breakdown by Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)?

    <p>Acetic acid and choline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for returning a cell to its resting state?

    <p>Potassium ions diffuse out of the cell and Sodium-potassium pump moves sodium and potassium ions back to their original positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ions diffuse out of the cell to return it to its resting state?

    <p>Potassium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Graded responses can be produced by changing

    <p>The frequency of muscle stimulation, and The number of muscle cells being stimulated at one time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle contraction is characterized by a single, brief contraction and is not a normal muscle function?

    <p>Twitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for different combinations of muscle fiber contractions that may give differing responses within a skeletal muscle?

    <p>Graded responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle response refers to different degrees of skeletal muscle shortening?

    <p>Graded responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false muscle fiber contraction is described as 'all or none'?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of graded response is a single, brief contraction that is not a normal muscle function?

    <p>Twitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tetanus occurs when one contraction is immediately followed by another, without the muscle completely returning to a resting state?

    <p>Fused (complete) tetanus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tetanus occurs when there is no evidence of relaxation before the following contractions?

    <p>Fused (complete) tetanus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during summing of contractions?

    <p>One contraction is immediately followed by another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during unfused (incomplete) tetanus?

    <p>Some relaxation occurs between contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tetanus occurs when one contraction is immediately followed by another, without the muscle completely returning to a resting state?

    <p>Fused tetanus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during summing of contractions?

    <p>Muscle contraction becomes smooth and sustained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tetanus occurs when the muscle contraction is smooth and sustained?

    <p>Fused tetanus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between muscle force and the number of fibers stimulated?

    <p>Muscle force increases as the number of fibers stimulated increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows muscles to continue contracting unless they run out of energy?

    <p>Availability of ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule serves as the immediate source of energy for muscle contraction?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the stored ATP in muscle fibers after the initial use?

    <p>It is replenished by other energy sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the ways to generate ATP?

    <p>Direct conversion of glucose to ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the formation of lactic acid?

    <p>Anaerobic glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process requires oxygen to generate ATP?

    <p>Aerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is responsible for direct phosphorylation of ADP to regenerate ATP in muscle cells?

    <p>Creatine phosphate (CP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATP molecules are created per molecule of creatine phosphate (CP)? fastest way to get ATP

    <p>1 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of respiration occurs in the mitochondria and releases energy from glucose?

    <p>Aerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the end products of aerobic respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule do muscle cells store as a high-energy molecule?

    <p>CP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What remains after ATP is depleted in muscle cells?

    <p>ADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of CP in muscle cells?

    <p>To provide energy; transfers a phosphate group to ADP to regenerate ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can produce graded responses in skeletal muscle contractions?

    <p>The frequency of muscle stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can influence the strength of skeletal muscle contractions?

    <p>The number of muscle fibers being stimulated at one time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can graded responses be produced in skeletal muscle contractions?

    <p>The frequency of muscle stimulation The number of muscle cells being stimulated at one time</p> Signup and view all the answers

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