Muscle Tissue Types and Functions

Muscle Tissue Types

• Skeletal muscle contracts quickly but tires easily. It's responsible for movement.
• Smooth muscle controls internal functions like digestion and blood pressure. It is involuntary.
• Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. It is involuntary.

Muscle Tissue Characteristics

• Striated muscle: Skeletal and Cardiac muscle have a striped appearance.
• Voluntary muscle: Skeletal muscle is under conscious control.
• Involuntary muscle: Smooth and Cardiac muscle operate without conscious effort.

Muscle Tissue Examples

• Blood vessels: Smooth muscle.
• Bicep: Skeletal muscle.
• Heart: Cardiac muscle.
• Pectoral: Skeletal muscle.
• Bladder: Smooth muscle.
• Quadricep: Skeletal muscle.
• Stomach: Smooth muscle.
• Intestines: Smooth muscle.
• Triceps: Skeletal muscle.

Skeletal Muscle Function

• Skeletal muscles often work in pairs, one contracting while the other relaxes.

Bone Tissue Components

• Marrow: Soft, jelly-like center of bone, produces blood cells.
• Compact bone: Hard bone, providing structure and support.
• Spongy bone: Porous bone, containing blood vessels and nerves.
• Periosteum: Thin membrane covering and protecting bone, containing blood vessels and nerves.
• Osteoblasts: Cells that build bone.
• Osteoclasts: Cells that destroy bone.
• Osteocytes: Mature bone cells.

Bone Connections

• Ligaments: Connect bone to bone.

Joint Types

• Sliding joint: Allows one part of a bone to slide over another (wrists).
• Pivot joint: Allows one bone to rotate around another (turning head).
• Hinge joint: Allows movement back and forth (knee).
• Fixed joint: Allows little to no movement (joints in cranium).
• Ball-and-socket joint: Allows for a wide range of motion (shoulder).

Joint Cushioning

• Cartilage: Cushions joints.

Skeletal System Functions

• Supporting the body.
• Protecting internal organs.
• Allowing for movement.