24 Questions
What is the main cause of muscle atrophy and potential failure at the myotendinous junction?
Increased stress at the junction
What is the function of a tendon sheath in relation to tendons?
Directs the path of the tendon and produces synovial fluid for gliding and nutrition
What characterizes peritendinitis?
Presence of crepitus along with discomfort
What does the term 'bimodal vs unimodal fibril density' refer to in tendons?
The percentage of large and small fibrils within the tendon
What is the difference between bimodal and unimodal fibril density in tendons?
Bimodal has both large and small fibrils, unimodal has only large fibrils
What is a common characteristic of paratenon in relation to tendon sheaths?
'Composed of loose fibrillar tissue'
'Crepitus' is a term used to describe:
'A palpable or audible grating or crunching sensation produced by motion'
What does the mechanical theory propose about the development of tendinopathy?
Progressive cell death results from impaired tendon repair
What role do tenocytes play in the development of degenerative changes in tendons according to the mechanical theory?
They trigger degenerative changes in tendons
What type of molecules are tendons fixed to skeletal muscle fibers by?
Adhesion molecules such as fibronectin
What does the dynamic function of the muscle-tendon junction (MTJ) folding structure do?
Increases the angle of force transmission
What happens to the MTJ during slow, heavy movements?
Shear forces create sliding of collagen and cross-link tearing
How does the MTJ respond to fast movements?
The tendon acts like a sheet and no collagen fiber cross-link tearing occurs
What happens to the tendon finger-like projections into the muscle with muscle atrophy?
They decrease in complexity and density
Where does mechanical failure of the muscle-tendon junction occur in atrophied cells?
Just external to the junctional plasma membrane
What type of stress is a high proportion of force transmitted through at the MTJ?
Shear stress
What is the most frequent site of spontaneous rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon?
The avascular zone
Which of the following is considered an intrinsic risk factor for tendon injuries?
Obesity
What is the definition of tendinopathy provided in the text?
Persistent tendon pain and loss of function related to mechanical loading
What has been suggested to mediate the adaptive responses of tendons to mechanical overload?
Neurogenic inflammation
What does the passage suggest about the relationship between inflammation and tissue degeneration in the pathogenesis of Tendinopathy?
They work together in the pathogenic cascade
What is the first stage of the continuum model of tendon pathology?
Reactive tendinopathy
What are the two phases of tendon change described in the passage?
Asymptomatic and symptomatic
What is the role of tendon collagen turnover in the pathogenesis of Tendinopathy according to the passage?
It is a key component of the continuum model
This quiz explores the structure and function of the Muscle Tendon Junction (MTJ), including its response to movement and the role of adhesion molecules like fibronectin. Learn about how folding structure affects force transmission and the impact of shear stress on collagen filaments.
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