Muscle Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which term describes a muscle with two bellies?

  • Fusiform
  • Strap
  • Bipennate
  • Two headed (correct)

    • A mixed nerve contains both motor and sensory fibers.

    True

    What is the primary function of the biceps brachii?

    Flexion of the elbow joint

    A __________ muscle has fibers arranged in a parallel pattern.

    <p>strap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of muscle with its associated feature:

    <p>Unipennate = Fibers arranged on one side of a tendon Bipennate = Fibers arranged on both sides of a tendon Multipennate = Multiple tendons with fibers arranged around them Fusiform = Tapered at both ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for only rotation as its possible movement?

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to muscle fibers during contraction?

    <p>They swell and shorten.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The entrance point for nerve supply to a muscle is referred to as the motor point.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hinge joints allow for flexion and extension movements.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List two factors used to name skeletal muscles.

    <p>Shape and size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is characterized by two distinct convex surfaces articulating with two concave surfaces?

    <p>Condyloid joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ____ joints, such as the elbow and knee, allow for flexion and extension movements.

    <p>hinge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint is NOT primarily stable due to the shape of its bones?

    <p>Acromioclavicular joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following joints with their characteristics:

    <p>Ball-and-socket = Allows for a wide range of movements, including rotation Hinge = Allows for flexion and extension Pivot = Allows for rotational movement only Condyloid = Facilitates multiple movements including rotation, but less than ball-and-socket</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fibrous ligaments can prevent excessive movement in a joint.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name an example of a condyloid joint.

    <p>Metacarpophalangeal joint (knuckle joint)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for a great degree of freedom of movement?

    <p>Synovial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All synovial joints have articular discs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cartilage covers the articular surfaces of synovial joints?

    <p>hyaline cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The movement of the wrist joint is classified as an __________ joint.

    <p>ellipsoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of joints with their examples:

    <p>Fibrous joint = Coronal suture of skull Cartilaginous joint = Joint between two lumbar vertebral bodies Synovial joint = Hip joint Secondary cartilaginous joint = Joint between the 1st rib and manubrium sterni</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovial fluid in joints?

    <p>Lubricates the articular surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The synovial membrane is also known as the capsule of the joint.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of movement that is impossible in ellipsoid joints.

    <p>rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when the bones of a joint are no longer in their normal anatomic relationship?

    <p>The joint is dislocated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Syringomyelia causes an increase in pain sensation in the joints.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of a joint that is particularly susceptible to dislocation.

    <p>Shoulder joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gonococcal arthritis primarily affects __________ joints such as the ankle and elbow.

    <p>large synovial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding joint pain sensation?

    <p>Pain sensation in the joint can be lost in certain diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More than one joint may receive the same nerve supply.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inadequate development of the __________ can cause dislocation of the hip.

    <p>socket</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of arthritis to the correct characteristic:

    <p>Gonococcal Arthritis = Affects large synovial joints Tuberculous Arthritis = Can start in the synovial membrane Syringomyelia = Loss of pain sensation in joints Dislocation = Loss of normal anatomic relationship in a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the mesotendon?

    <p>To enable blood vessels to enter the tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tendons are always completely surrounded by synovial sheaths.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the blood clot at the damaged site of a ligament?

    <p>It is invaded by blood vessels and fibroblasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ occurs where tendons pass under ligaments and retinacula.

    <p>synovial sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of blood vessel with its function:

    <p>Arteries = Carry blood away from the heart Veins = Return blood to the heart Capillaries = Site of exchange between blood and tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be required in severe ligament injuries?

    <p>Surgical approximation of the cut ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fibroblasts lay down new collagen and elastic fibers in response to ligament injury.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause the mesotendon to disappear?

    <p>Extensive range of movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Muscle Structure and Classification

    • Muscles have various structural forms: rhomboid, quadrilateral, strap, fusiform, and triangular.
    • Muscle arrangements include unipennate, bipennate, and multipennate, aiding numerous contraction types.
    • Contraction shortens muscle fibers by one-third to one-half of their resting length, with accompanying swelling.
    • Muscles can paradoxically contract to control movements (e.g., biceps brachii vs. triceps brachii).

    Nerve Supply of Skeletal Muscle

    • Skeletal muscle nerves are mixed, with approximately 60% motor and 40% sensory fibers.
    • Nerve entry point for muscles typically occurs at the midpoint of the muscle's deep surface.

    Naming of Skeletal Muscles

    • Muscle names derive from shape, size, number of heads or bellies, position, depth, attachments, and actions.

    Muscle Tone

    • Assessment of muscle tone is crucial in clinical evaluations to understand individual muscle functionality.

    Joint Types and Movements

    • Joints feature three primary types: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.
      • Fibrous joints permit no movement (e.g., coronal suture).
      • Cartilaginous joints allow limited movement (e.g., joints between lumbar vertebrae).
    • Synovial joints enable significant movement; their surfaces are coated with hyaline cartilage and contain synovial fluid.

    Synovial Joint Characteristics

    • Designed for mobility, synovial joints feature a synovial membrane and are encapsulated by a fibrous layer.
    • Types of synovial joints include:
      • Ellipsoid Joints: Allow flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction (e.g., wrist joint).
      • Hinge Joints: Facilitate flexion and extension (e.g., elbow, knee).
      • Pivot Joints: Permit rotation (e.g., atlantoaxial joint).
      • Condyloid Joints: Enable various movements, including some rotation (e.g., knuckle joints).

    Ligament Function and Injury

    • Fibrous ligaments prevent excessive joint movement but can stretch with prolonged stress.
    • Knowledge of joint structures aids in understanding joint injuries and their clinical management through immobilization or surgical repair.

    Examination and Assessment of Joints

    • Clinicians assess joint movement range, identifying dislocations when bones misalign.
    • Certain joints are more susceptible to dislocation due to inadequate ligament support or poor anatomical fit (e.g., shoulder, hip).

    Vulnerability to Injury

    • Weightbearing joints with cartilaginous discs (e.g., knee) risk injury during rapid movements.
    • Damage to ligaments often leads to sprains requiring immobilization or surgical intervention if severe.

    Blood Supply and Vascular Structure

    • Blood vessels distributed throughout the body include arteries, veins, and capillaries, each with distinct functions related to circulation and nutrient delivery.

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    Snell's (9th Ed) Basic Anatomy PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of muscle structure, classification, and nerve supply with this comprehensive quiz. Explore various muscle arrangements and their functional implications. Additionally, examine the importance of muscle tone and joint types in relation to skeletal muscles.

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