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Muscle Contraction: Sliding Filament Model

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Muscle Contraction: Sliding Filament Model

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the globular 'head' region of the myosin molecule?

To form the thick filament

To bind to other myosin molecules

To provide structural support to the sarcomere

To bind ATP and convert chemical energy into mechanical energy (correct)

What is the result of the hydrolysis of bound ATP in the myosin molecule?

The myosin molecule binds to actin, forming a cross-bridge

The myosin head returns to its low-energy form

The cross-bridge between myosin and actin is disrupted

The myosin molecule converts to a high-energy form (correct)

What is the purpose of the repeated cycles of binding and release in muscle contraction?

To increase the length of the sarcomere

To generate force in the opposite direction of the muscle contraction

To allow for the shortening of the muscle (correct)

To maintain the structure of the sarcomere

According to the sliding-filament model, what is the mechanism of muscle contraction?

The thick and thin filaments slide past each other Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the 'tail' region of the myosin molecule?

To bind to other myosin molecules, forming the thick filament Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of the cycles of change in the myosin molecule during muscle contraction?

The thin filament is pulled toward the center of the sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

A contracting muscle shortens, but the filaments that bring about contraction stay the same length.
The filaments in a sarcomere slide past each other, similar to the segments of a telescoping support pole, to bring about contraction.
The sliding-filament model explains muscle contraction, where thin and thick filaments ratchet past each other powered by myosin molecules.
Myosin molecules have a long "tail" region that binds to the tails of other myosin molecules, forming the thick filament, and a globular "head" region that binds ATP.
The hydrolysis of bound ATP converts myosin to a high-energy form that binds to actin, forming a cross-bridge between the myosin and the thin filament.
The myosin head returns to its low-energy form as it pulls the thin filament toward the center of the sarcomere, contributing to muscle contraction.
Muscle contraction requires repeated cycles of binding and release of myosin heads to actin filaments.
During each cycle, the myosin head is freed from a cross-bridge, cleaves the newly bound ATP, and binds again to actin, repeating the process.

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Description

Understand the mechanism of muscle contraction through the sliding filament model, where thin and thick filaments slide past each other, powered by myosin molecules. Learn how this process explains the apparent paradox of muscle contraction. Quiz yourself on the details of muscle physiology and the myosin molecule's role in contraction.