Muscle and Sarcoma Terminology Flashcards

Muscle Terminology

• Muscul/o- refers specifically to muscle tissue.
• Musculoskeletal pertains to both the muscular and skeletal systems, highlighting their interconnected functions.

Muscle Diseases and Conditions

• Muscular Dystrophy is a hereditary group of diseases leading to progressive muscle waste.
• Myasthenia Gravis involves autoimmune attacks on acetylcholine receptors, resulting in voluntary muscle weakness without muscle atrophy.

Muscle Injury and Repair

• Myorrhexis denotes tearing of muscle, indicating significant injury.
• Myoplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at repairing or reconstructing muscle, often addressing congenital or acquired defects.

Muscle Tissue Disorders

• Myopathy is a general term for any disorder affecting muscle tissues.
• Myonecrosis describes the process where muscle tissue dies or is destroyed, often due to lack of blood flow or infection.

Muscle Pain and Dysfunction

• Myalgia is characterized by muscle pain, which can arise from various conditions.
• Myobradia refers to a sluggish muscle reaction to stimulation, indicating potential dysfunction in muscular responses.

Muscle Tumors

• Myoma is a tumor comprised of muscle tissue and can occur in various forms.
• Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor that develops from striated muscle fibers, primarily affecting children and adolescents.

Diagnostic Techniques

• Myogram / Electromyogram provides a graphical depiction of muscle contractions, showcasing their velocity and intensity.
• Myography is the methodology used to record these muscular properties.

Surgical Procedures

• Myectomy involves the surgical removal of part of a muscle, often to alleviate conditions caused by muscle hypertrophy or tumors.

Other Notable Terms

• Myoedema involves the formation of a lump in a muscle following minor impact, commonly seen in exhaustion-related states.
• Myorraphy refers to the suturing of a muscle, often after surgical procedures or injuries.

Cancer-Related Terms

• Kaposi's Sarcoma is a form of skin cancer that may affect internal organs, primarily found in AIDS patients. This cancer can be life-threatening.
• Sarc/o- relates to flesh, often used in oncology to describe tumors of muscle or connective tissue.