Questions and Answers
Which artery primarily supplies blood to the thumb?
Which muscle in the anterior forearm is innervated by the ulnar nerve?
What is the primary innervation of the Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle?
Which structure forms the superficial palmar arch?
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Which muscle in the posterior forearm is responsible for supination?
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What is the characteristic of Neurapraxia?
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Which statement is true regarding Axonotmesis?
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What is a common treatment approach for Neurapraxia?
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Which classification of peripheral nerve injury has the most severe prognosis?
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Which treatment option is typically necessary for Neurotmesis?
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What defines the arcade of Froshe?
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Which joint is classified under the upper extremity joint classification system?
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What is NOT a characteristic of Neurotmesis?
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Which of the following statements about Axonotmesis is correct?
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What is commonly seen as a symptom of Neurapraxia?
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What is the primary action of the biceps brachii when the elbow is fully extended?
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Which origin point is associated with the long head of the biceps brachii?
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Which nerve innervates both the biceps brachii and the coracobrachialis?
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What is NOT an action of the biceps brachii?
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What is the insertion point for the biceps brachii?
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Which muscle primarily resists shoulder dislocation?
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As elbow flexion approaches 90 degrees, what becomes the primary action of the biceps brachii?
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What role does the long head of the biceps brachii serve at the gleno-humeral joint?
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Which condition is most commonly associated with repetitive occupational stress that leads to carpal tunnel syndrome?
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What is the primary structural component that inhibits median nerve passage in carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Which symptom might a patient experience due to carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Which demographic is most commonly affected by carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Which of the following is NOT a recognized cause of carpal tunnel syndrome?
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What type of pain is commonly associated with carpal tunnel syndrome?
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What is the most common etiology for developing chronic compression of the median nerve?
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Which of the following conditions may exacerbate carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of symptoms experienced with carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Which term refers to a condition characterized by weakened grip and wrist drop?
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What is the primary action of the abductor pollicis longus?
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Which muscle extends the thumb at the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints?
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What are the contents of Guyon’s tunnel?
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Which muscle assists in the extension of the index finger?
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Carpal tunnel syndrome may be associated with which condition?
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Which muscle's origin includes the posterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane?
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What is the innervation for the extensor pollicis longus?
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Which muscle is primarily responsible for extending the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb?
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From which location does the extensor indicis originate?
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Which action is NOT performed by the abductor pollicis longus?
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Study Notes
Anterior Compartment - Flexors
-
Biceps Brachii
- Origin: Long head from supraglenoid tubercle; short head from coracoid process of scapula
- Insertion: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
- Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
- Action: Forearm flexor; primary supinator; stabilizes glenohumeral joint
-
Coracobrachialis
- Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
- Insertion: Medial middle humerus
- Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
- Action: Flexes and adducts humerus; resists shoulder dislocation
Posterior Compartment - Extensors
-
Abductor Pollicis Longus
- Origin: Posterior surfaces of radius, ulna, interosseous membrane
- Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal and trapezium
- Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
- Action: Abducts and extends thumb
-
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
- Origin: Posterior surface of radius, interosseous membrane
- Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
- Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
- Action: Extends metacarpophalangeal joint and carpometacarpal joint of thumb
-
Extensor Pollicis Longus
- Origin: Posterior shaft of ulna, interosseous membrane
- Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
- Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
- Action: Extends thumb at interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints
-
Extensor Indicis
- Origin: Posterior surface of interosseous membrane, ulna
- Insertion: Dorsal digital expansion of index finger
- Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
- Action: Extends index finger; assists extensor digitorum
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Characterized by median nerve compression, often after carpals fracture or associated with arthritis
- Risk factors: Hypothyroidism, diabetes, repetitive use, swelling from exercise or fluid retention
- Common in occupations like computer work; women affected more than men
- Symptoms: Nocturnal paresthesia, clumsiness in finger movement, radiating pain into arm
- Sign: Brachialgia, paresthetica, nocturna
Upper Limb Neuropathies
- Neurapraxia: Mild conduction interruption; transient motor paralysis; complete recovery expected
- Axonotmesis: Moderate injury with axonal degeneration; possible recovery
- Neurotmesis: Severe complete nerve disruption; surgery may be needed, unpredictable recovery
Upper Extremity Joint Classification
- Key joints:
- Sternoclavicular
- Acromioclavicular
- Glenohumeral
- Radiocarpal
- Humeroulnar
- Humeroradial
- Proximal/middle/distal radioulnar
- Intercarpal
- Metacarpophalangeal
- Interphalangeal
Arcade of Froshe
- Site of deep radial nerve compression within the supinator muscle
Arteries of the Hand
- Ulnar Artery: Contributes to the superficial palmar arch, common and proper digital arteries (digits 2-5)
- Radial Artery: Contributes to deep palmar arch, palmar metacarpal arteries, princeps pollicis, and radialis indicis
Forearm Muscles & Nerves
-
Anterior Forearm (Flexors & Pronators):
- Innervated by median nerve (except ulnar nerve for some)
-
Posterior Forearm (Extensors & Supinators):
- Primarily innervated by radial and posterior interosseous nerves
Dry and Wet Labs
- Study bone landmarks and muscle/nerve/vessel relations in upper extremity
- Review brachial plexus, axillary artery, post shoulder spaces through lab videos and identification lists
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Description
Test your knowledge on the muscle anatomy of the biceps brachii and its associated anatomy, including origins, insertions, actions, and innervations. This quiz focuses on the anterior compartment and helps reinforce learning about muscle functions.
