Multiplexing in Communication Systems

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What is multiplexing?

A technique that allows more than one signal to transmit through a single channel.

How does multiplexing benefit communication systems?

It makes the communication system economical by allowing multiple signals to be transmitted through a single channel.

What is required for multiplexing to be possible in a communication system?

Modulation.

Why is the human ear unable to understand multiple intermingled speeches?

Because the overall result is noise, and the human ear is not capable of separating intermingled speeches. Signup and view all the answers

What frequency range do all the audio signals lie in?

20 Hz to 20 kHz. Signup and view all the answers

How is the concept of multiple people speaking loudly and simultaneously related to the transmission of audio signals?

It illustrates the difficulty in understanding the intermingled speeches, similar to the transmission of audio signals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM)?

The main difference is that AM varies the amplitude of the carrier signal, while FM varies the frequency of the carrier signal. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of the envelope in the context of amplitude modulation (AM).

The envelope in AM refers to the pattern of the peak values of the carrier signal, which exactly replicate the modulating signal at different points in time. Signup and view all the answers

What does frequency modulation (FM) involve in terms of changing the carrier signal?

FM involves changing the frequency of the carrier voltage in accordance with the instantaneous value of the modulating voltage. Signup and view all the answers

Define pulse modulation and provide an example of its types.

Pulse modulation is a type of modulation where the carrier signal is transmitted as a series of pulses. Examples of pulse modulation include PAM, PWM, PPM, and PCM. Signup and view all the answers

How does phase modulation (PM) differ from frequency modulation (FM)?

PM involves varying the phase of the carrier signal, while FM involves varying the frequency of the carrier signal. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of continuous-wave modulation and its significance in signal transmission.

Continuous-wave modulation involves the continuous variation of the carrier signal in accordance with the instantaneous values of the modulating signal. It is significant in maintaining the integrity of the transmitted signal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the modulation index in frequency modulation?

The modulation index in frequency modulation is the ratio of frequency deviation to the modulating frequency. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of phase modulation in angle modulation.

In phase modulation, the instantaneous phase of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of pulse modulation in transmitting continuous speech or data?

Pulse modulation can be used to transmit analog information, such as continuous speech or data, by sampling continuous waveforms at regular intervals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of pulse-width modulation (PWM) over pulse-position modulation (PPM)?

The primary advantage of pulse-width modulation (PWM) over pulse-position modulation (PPM) is that PWM still works if synchronization between transmitter and receiver fails, whereas PPM does not. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the total variation in frequency of an F.M. wave from the lowest to the highest?

The term used to describe the total variation in frequency of an F.M. wave from the lowest to the highest is carrier swing (CS). Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between analog and digital pulse modulation?

The key difference between analog and digital pulse modulation is that analog pulse modulation systems use continuous waveforms sampled at regular intervals, while digital pulse modulation systems transmit discrete signals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the disadvantage of pulse-duration modulation (PDM) compared to pulse-position modulation (PPM)?

The disadvantage of pulse-duration modulation (PDM) when compared with pulse-position modulation (PPM) is that its pulses are of varying width and therefore of varying power content. Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplest form of pulse modulation?

The simplest form of pulse modulation is pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM). Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount by which the frequency of the carrier wave changes above or below the resting frequency?

The amount by which the frequency of the carrier wave changes above or below the resting frequency is termed as frequency deviation (Δf). Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio used to calculate the carrier swing (CS) in frequency modulation?

The carrier swing (CS) in frequency modulation is calculated using the ratio CS=2 Δf, where Δf is the frequency deviation. Signup and view all the answers