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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of T-cells?
What is the primary function of T-cells?
What is the role of Oligodendroglial cells in response to demyelination?
What is the role of Oligodendroglial cells in response to demyelination?
What does 'normal shrinking' typically signify?
What does 'normal shrinking' typically signify?
Which component prevents the transformation of Sclera into Myelin?
Which component prevents the transformation of Sclera into Myelin?
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What is the main purpose of MRI assessment in this context?
What is the main purpose of MRI assessment in this context?
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Study Notes
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
- MS is a chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with unknown cause.
- Manifestations of MS include Upper Motor Neuron Lesions (UMNL), resulting in Hypertonia and Hyperphasia.
- MS primarily affects young adults between 20-40 years old.
- The most common sign of MS is Optic Neuritis (80-95%), often the first sign of the disease.
Epidemiology
- MS affects females more than males, with a 40% higher incidence.
- Men with MS are more likely to have an aggressive course of the disease.
- MS is not hereditary, but individuals with a family history are three times more susceptible to developing the disease.
Predisposing Factors
- Infections
- Smoking
- White race
- Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
- BMI < 25
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Positive family history
Case Presentation
- A patient may present with fatigue, psychological disturbances, and involuntary movement, making MS a possible diagnosis.
- The presence of multiple predisposing factors increases the likelihood of MS.
Pathophysiology
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Description
Test your knowledge of multiple sclerosis, a chronic, autoimmune, and inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Learn about its manifestations, common signs such as optic neuritis, and its occurrence in young adults. Understand the unknown cause and expected attacks on UMNL.
