Multilevel Governance and Decision-Making
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Questions and Answers

What does multilevel governance primarily emphasize?

  • The impact of cultural factors on decision-making processes.
  • The uniformity of policies across different governance modes.
  • The coordination problems in multilevel decision-making systems. (correct)
  • The interactions between institutional structures and funding sources.

    • Which of the following governance modes is NOT mentioned as a principal mode in EU governance?

  • Hierarchy
  • Competition
  • Coalition (correct)
  • Networks

    • According to Tanja Börzel, how do EU governance modes operate?

  • Primarily focused on public-private partnerships.
  • Under the overshadowing presence of hierarchy. (correct)
  • Solely through unilateral decisions made by member states.
  • In a completely decentralized manner.

    • Why is the quality of specification on the level of EU primary law crucial according to Gerda Falkner?

    <p>It influences the hierarchical decisions by the Commission or Court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been observed about the number and types of governance modes in the EU over time?

    <p>The number and mix of governance modes have increased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of policy area is mentioned as having a dominant governance mode?

    <p>Education policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one feature of hierarchy in EU governance as described?

    <p>It includes unilateral direction and majority voting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do researchers differ in their analysis of governance modes in the EU?

    <p>They vary in definitions and involved actors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What central idea challenges the state-centric view of EU politics?

    <p>Decision-making is shared among various actors at different levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept is associated with the joint-decision trap?

    <p>Multilevel governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of governance do Marks, Hooghe, and Blank emphasize in their analysis?

    <p>Horizontal interactions among diverse actors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the core propositions of multilevel governance?

    <p>Policy-making is a joint effort among multiple levels of actors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the authors of multilevel governance view the state?

    <p>As a disaggregated collection of different actors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institutions are highlighted as having an autonomous political role in EU decision-making?

    <p>European Commission, Court of Justice, European Parliament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'joint-decision trap' refer to?

    <p>A situation where joint decision-making leads to inaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What relationship does multilevel governance emphasize in terms of decision-making?

    <p>The interconnectedness of various levels of governance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle underlies the membership in the European Union?

    <p>The principle of voluntariness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change was introduced by Article 50 TEU?

    <p>The legal option for unilateral withdrawal from the Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might it be politically difficult for Germany to withdraw from the EU?

    <p>Historical and political reasons tied to integration and unity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method by which EU law is enforced?

    <p>Incorporation into national legal systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of voluntariness include regarding member states?

    <p>An option for disobedience and withdrawal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the EU differentiate itself from other political organizations?

    <p>By relying on the binding force of law instead of coercion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common interest does the European Union aim to serve?

    <p>Creating peace, welfare, and global influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the absence of a European army signify regarding EU enforcement?

    <p>The EU's emphasis on voluntary legal adherence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of having functioning national democratic institutions within the European Union?

    <p>It ensures the proper application of European law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the constitution of the European Union relate to national constitutions?

    <p>It is considered a complementary part of them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the existence of Union citizenship imply for citizens of member states?

    <p>They have a second legal status in addition to national citizenship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What opportunity does the European Union provide in the context of globalization?

    <p>It enables a more significant extension of rights to European citizens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of voluntariness in participation suggest?

    <p>Participation in the EU is optional for member states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what sense can European integration be understood regarding sovereignty?

    <p>It poses no real threat to national sovereignty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'two souls are dwelling in their chests' imply about EU citizenship?

    <p>Citizens have dual allegiance to their nation and the EU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reflects the role of national authorities within the EU context?

    <p>They have new constraints and loyalty obligations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does democratic legitimacy depend on according to the content?

    <p>The recognition of decisions by those affected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common perception about the EU's governance among its citizens?

    <p>It is seen as remote and unresponsive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what condition is necessary for majority decisions to be seen as legitimate?

    <p>They must respect certain procedures and fundamental rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Rousseauean ideal referenced in the content?

    <p>Democracy requires popular sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the content suggest about the EU's legal framework regarding democracy?

    <p>It meets democratic requirements outlined in the German Basic Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is identified as a major issue contributing to the perception of a democratic deficit in the EU?

    <p>Absence of a unified political language and public sphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do supranational institutions play in relation to national authority?

    <p>They reinforce the self-determination of national citizens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied about public opinion towards the EU across member states?

    <p>It lacks consistent agreement on governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Multilevel Governance

    • Multilevel governance emerged from the study of structural policy-making
    • It challenges the "state-centric" model, which views EU policy-making as primarily driven by national executives
    • The "state-centric" model emphasizes the role of national states as gatekeepers between national arenas and EU institutions
    • Multilevel governance rejects the idea of separate national and European spheres, arguing that the state must be disaggregated into different sets of actors operating at different levels
    • Multilevel governance includes autonomous political roles for EU-level institutions like the European Commission, Court of Justice, and European Parliament.

    The Joint-Decision Trap

    • The Joint-Decision Trap, developed by Fritz W. Scharpf, identifies coordination problems inherent in multilevel decision-making systems
    • This theory highlights interactions between institutional structures, interaction strategies, and policy outcomes

    Governance Modes in the EU

    • Multilevel governance explores various governance modes in the EU
    • These modes often differ across market-making and market-correcting policies and within distinct policy areas
    • Hierarchy, competition, and networks are frequently identified as key governance modes in EU governance

    Hierarchy in the EU

    • Tanja Börzel argues that EU governance modes operate under the shadow of hierarchy
    • This view encompasses even majority voting in the EU Council as a form of hierarchy
    • While hierarchy can be viewed in terms of unilateral direction, it extends beyond market-making policies to encompass a broader array of EU policy areas

    The Democratic Deficit in the EU

    • Critics argue that the EU suffers from a democratic deficit, with concerns about perceived remoteness, lack of influence for citizens, and accountability for decisions in Brussels
    • There is no common language or European-wide public sphere, contributing to the democratic deficit

    Union Citizenship

    • Union citizenship is viewed as "additional to national citizenship"
    • It reflects a specific constitutional relationship to the EU and its institutions
    • Union citizenship signifies ownership of and adherence to the Union, similar to national citizenship with respect to a member state

    The Principle of Voluntariness

    • Membership in the EU is entirely voluntary, with no country or people forced to join or remain
    • The Treaty of Lisbon explicitly includes the option for unilateral withdrawal from the EU
    • However, withdrawal would be considered contrary to the overall objective of European integration

    Implementation and the Rule of Law

    • The EU relies on the rule of law rather than physical coercion to enforce its obligations and legislation
    • EU law is not imposed externally but integrated into national systems through national authorities

    Legitimacy and Open Democracy

    • The concept of democracy in the EU aligns with the principle of collective self-government, where those affected by public actions have equal rights to participate in decision-making
    • Democratic legitimacy stems from the perception that decisions are one's own choice, rooted in the ideal of self-authorship
    • The democratic deficit in the EU raises concerns about the responsiveness and accountability of EU institutions to citizens.

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    Related Documents

    Multilevel Governance in Europe PDF

    Description

    Explore the concepts of multilevel governance and the Joint-Decision Trap as described by Fritz W. Scharpf. Understand how these frameworks challenge traditional state-centric models and reveal the complexity of interactions in EU policy-making. This quiz will test your knowledge on the roles of various actors at different governance levels.

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