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Questions and Answers
What does multilevel governance primarily emphasize?
Which of the following governance modes is NOT mentioned as a principal mode in EU governance?
According to Tanja Börzel, how do EU governance modes operate?
Why is the quality of specification on the level of EU primary law crucial according to Gerda Falkner?
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What has been observed about the number and types of governance modes in the EU over time?
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Which type of policy area is mentioned as having a dominant governance mode?
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What is one feature of hierarchy in EU governance as described?
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How do researchers differ in their analysis of governance modes in the EU?
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What central idea challenges the state-centric view of EU politics?
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Which concept is associated with the joint-decision trap?
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What aspect of governance do Marks, Hooghe, and Blank emphasize in their analysis?
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What is one of the core propositions of multilevel governance?
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How do the authors of multilevel governance view the state?
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Which institutions are highlighted as having an autonomous political role in EU decision-making?
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What does the term 'joint-decision trap' refer to?
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What relationship does multilevel governance emphasize in terms of decision-making?
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What principle underlies the membership in the European Union?
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What significant change was introduced by Article 50 TEU?
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Why might it be politically difficult for Germany to withdraw from the EU?
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What is the primary method by which EU law is enforced?
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What does the principle of voluntariness include regarding member states?
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How does the EU differentiate itself from other political organizations?
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What common interest does the European Union aim to serve?
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What does the absence of a European army signify regarding EU enforcement?
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What is a key benefit of having functioning national democratic institutions within the European Union?
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How does the constitution of the European Union relate to national constitutions?
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What does the existence of Union citizenship imply for citizens of member states?
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What opportunity does the European Union provide in the context of globalization?
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What does the principle of voluntariness in participation suggest?
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In what sense can European integration be understood regarding sovereignty?
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What does the phrase 'two souls are dwelling in their chests' imply about EU citizenship?
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Which of the following reflects the role of national authorities within the EU context?
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What does democratic legitimacy depend on according to the content?
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What is a common perception about the EU's governance among its citizens?
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According to the content, what condition is necessary for majority decisions to be seen as legitimate?
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What is the Rousseauean ideal referenced in the content?
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What does the content suggest about the EU's legal framework regarding democracy?
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What is identified as a major issue contributing to the perception of a democratic deficit in the EU?
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What role do supranational institutions play in relation to national authority?
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What is implied about public opinion towards the EU across member states?
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Study Notes
Multilevel Governance
- Multilevel governance emerged from the study of structural policy-making
- It challenges the "state-centric" model, which views EU policy-making as primarily driven by national executives
- The "state-centric" model emphasizes the role of national states as gatekeepers between national arenas and EU institutions
- Multilevel governance rejects the idea of separate national and European spheres, arguing that the state must be disaggregated into different sets of actors operating at different levels
- Multilevel governance includes autonomous political roles for EU-level institutions like the European Commission, Court of Justice, and European Parliament.
The Joint-Decision Trap
- The Joint-Decision Trap, developed by Fritz W. Scharpf, identifies coordination problems inherent in multilevel decision-making systems
- This theory highlights interactions between institutional structures, interaction strategies, and policy outcomes
Governance Modes in the EU
- Multilevel governance explores various governance modes in the EU
- These modes often differ across market-making and market-correcting policies and within distinct policy areas
- Hierarchy, competition, and networks are frequently identified as key governance modes in EU governance
Hierarchy in the EU
- Tanja Börzel argues that EU governance modes operate under the shadow of hierarchy
- This view encompasses even majority voting in the EU Council as a form of hierarchy
- While hierarchy can be viewed in terms of unilateral direction, it extends beyond market-making policies to encompass a broader array of EU policy areas
The Democratic Deficit in the EU
- Critics argue that the EU suffers from a democratic deficit, with concerns about perceived remoteness, lack of influence for citizens, and accountability for decisions in Brussels
- There is no common language or European-wide public sphere, contributing to the democratic deficit
Union Citizenship
- Union citizenship is viewed as "additional to national citizenship"
- It reflects a specific constitutional relationship to the EU and its institutions
- Union citizenship signifies ownership of and adherence to the Union, similar to national citizenship with respect to a member state
The Principle of Voluntariness
- Membership in the EU is entirely voluntary, with no country or people forced to join or remain
- The Treaty of Lisbon explicitly includes the option for unilateral withdrawal from the EU
- However, withdrawal would be considered contrary to the overall objective of European integration
Implementation and the Rule of Law
- The EU relies on the rule of law rather than physical coercion to enforce its obligations and legislation
- EU law is not imposed externally but integrated into national systems through national authorities
Legitimacy and Open Democracy
- The concept of democracy in the EU aligns with the principle of collective self-government, where those affected by public actions have equal rights to participate in decision-making
- Democratic legitimacy stems from the perception that decisions are one's own choice, rooted in the ideal of self-authorship
- The democratic deficit in the EU raises concerns about the responsiveness and accountability of EU institutions to citizens.
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Description
Explore the concepts of multilevel governance and the Joint-Decision Trap as described by Fritz W. Scharpf. Understand how these frameworks challenge traditional state-centric models and reveal the complexity of interactions in EU policy-making. This quiz will test your knowledge on the roles of various actors at different governance levels.
