16 Questions
Who was the third Mughal emperor?
Akbar the Great
During which years did Akbar reign as the Mughal emperor?
1556-1605
How did Akbar expand and consolidate Mughal domains in the Indian subcontinent?
Military and political dominance
What policy did Akbar adopt to unify the vast Mughal state?
Policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy
What did Akbar do to win the support of his non-Muslim subjects?
Abolished the sectarian tax and appointed them to high civil and military posts
What did Akbar's courts at Delhi, Agra, and Fatehpur Sikri become known as?
Centres of arts, letters, and learning
Where was Akbar born?
Modern-day Sindh
Who was Akbar's first wife?
Ruqaiya Sultan Begum
Who ruled on Akbar's behalf until he came of age?
Bairam Khan
When did Akbar succeed Humayun as the Emperor?
14 February 1556
Where did Akbar spend his youth learning to hunt, run, and fight?
Kabul
Who was Akbar's guardian after Humayun's death?
Bairam Khan
Where was Akbar enthroned by Bairam Khan?
Kalanaur, Punjab
What syncretic creed did Akbar promulgate to bring about religious unity within his empire?
Din-i Ilahi
How old was Akbar when he married Ruqaiya Sultan Begum?
14 years old
Where did Humayun meet and marry the 14-year-old Hamida Banu Begum?
Modern-day Sindh
Study Notes
Akbar - The Third Mughal Emperor
- Akbar was the third Mughal emperor.
- He reigned as the Mughal emperor from 1556 to 1605.
Early Life and Succession
- Akbar was born in Umarkot, Sind (now in Pakistan) in 1542.
- His first wife was Ruqaiya Sultan Begum, whom he married at the age of 13.
- After Humayun's death, Akbar's guardian was Maham Anaga and then Bairam Khan.
- Akbar succeeded Humayun as the Emperor at the age of 14.
- He was enthroned by Bairam Khan in Kalanaur, Punjab.
- Akbar spent his youth learning to hunt, run, and fight in the Maktab Khana in Kabul.
Expansion and Consolidation of Mughal Domains
- Akbar expanded and consolidated Mughal domains in the Indian subcontinent through military campaigns and strategic alliances.
- He adopted a policy of sulh-i-kul, or "universal peace," to unify the vast Mughal state.
Relations with Non-Muslim Subjects
- Akbar won the support of his non-Muslim subjects by adopting a tolerant and secular approach to governance.
Imperial Courts
- Akbar's courts at Delhi, Agra, and Fatehpur Sikri became known as the "Ibadat Khana," or "House of Worship."
Din-i Ilahi
- Akbar promulgated a syncretic creed called Din-i Ilahi, or "Divine Faith," to bring about religious unity within his empire.
Family and Lineage
- Humayun met and married the 14-year-old Hamida Banu Begum in 1541 in Persia.
Test your knowledge about the life and reign of Akbar the Great, the third Mughal emperor who expanded and consolidated Mughal domains in the Indian subcontinent from 1556 to 1605.
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