Mughal Administration: Key Policies and Alliances
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Questions and Answers

When did the decline of the Mughal Empire begin?

  • After Aurangzeb's death in 1707
  • During the reign of Aurangzeb
  • During the first half of the 18th century (correct)
  • During the rule of Bahadur Shah

    • What happened to the Mughal Empire by 1803?

  • It was reduced to a few square miles around Delhi (correct)
  • It became stronger than ever before
  • It expanded to include more territories
  • It conquered the British array

    • Who emerged victorious after the death of Aurangzeb?

  • Aurangzeb's grandson
  • All three sons together
  • Bahadur Shah (correct)
  • A foreign invader

    • What was Bahadur Shah known for?

    <p>Learned, dignified, and able ruler (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change in policy did Bahadur Shah adopt towards Hindu chiefs and rajas?

    <p>More tolerant attitude (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Aurangzeb's death impact the unity of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>His three sons fought for the throne, shaking up unity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Bahadur Shah's policy towards the Maratha sardars?

    <p>Half-hearted conciliation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Bahadur Shah try to make peace with the rebellious Sikhs?

    <p>To stabilize his authority in the Punjab (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Bahadur Shah's approach towards Guru Gobind Singh before the Sikh revolt?

    <p>Conciliation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Bahadur Shah's policy towards the Maratha sardars lead to dissatisfaction?

    <p>He failed to grant them full satisfaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Bahadur Shah's unsuccessful attempt to garrison Amber and Jodhpur?

    <p>Firnj resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Bahadur Shah approach the problem of rebellious Sikhs after Guru Gobind Singh's death?

    <p>He led a campaign against the rebels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Bahadur Shah's campaign against the Sikh rebels?

    <p>Sikhs recovered lost territory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bahadur Shah was groping towards a solution of the problems besetting the Empire.' What does this imply?

    <p>'Bahadur Shah was struggling to find solutions.' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'A new element entered Mughal politics in this and the succeeding wars of succession.' What is this new element referring to?

    <p>'Increased influence of nobles in Mughal politics.' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Zulfiqar Khan believed it was necessary to establish friendly relations with Rajput rajas and Maratha sardars.' What motivated this belief?

    <p>'Strengthening his position and saving the Empire.' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What title was given to Jai Singh of Amber?

    <p>Mirza Raja Sawai (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was appointed Governor of Malwa?

    <p>Ajit Singh of Marwar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evil tendency was encouraged by Zulfiqar Khan?

    <p>Revenue-farming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Government collect land revenue under Todar Mai's land revenue settlement?

    <p>At a fixed rate from peasants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who defeated Jahandar Shah in January 1713?

    <p>Farrukh Siyar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the Emperor's ears get poisoned against Zulfiqar Khan?

    <p>Unscrupulous favorites' influence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Saiyid brothers believe was necessary for harmonious rule in India?

    <p>Religious tolerance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year were the Saiyid brothers overthrown?

    <p>1720 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was given the office of mir bakshi in Farrukh Siyar's reign?

    <p>Husain Ali Khan Baraha (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the inglorious reign of Jahandar Shah end?

    <p>1713 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Nizum-ul-Mulk decide to leave the Emperor and found the state of Hyderabad?

    <p>Due to disagreements with the Emperor and other nobles over administrative reforms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Nizum-ul-Mulk's departure on the Mughal Empire?

    <p>It was symbolic of the flight of loyalty and virtue from the Empire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did Nadir Shah's invasion have on the Mughal Empire?

    <p>It caused the Empire to lay prostrate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was Nadir Shah attracted to India?

    <p>For its fabulous wealth and spoils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors contributed to the eventual defeat of Delhi against Nadir Shah?

    <p>Mutual jealousies, distrust, and disunity among nobles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the battle that took place at Karnal on 13th February 1739?

    <p>The Emperor Muhammad Shah was taken prisoner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Nizum-ul-Mulk's departure affect other powerful nobles in India?

    <p>They began carving out semi-independent states (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason behind Nadir Shah's massacre of the citizens of Delhi?

    <p>Revenge for the defeat of his soldiers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were some of the reasons for Nadir Shah's invasion of India?

    <p>To solve Persia's financial crisis through spoils from India (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Nadir Shah do after seizing the royal treasury and other royal property in Delhi?

    <p>Exempted his own Kingdom from taxation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Nadir Shah's invasion impact the Mughal Empire economically?

    <p>It caused ruin to imperial finances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finally led to Nadir Shah deposing the last of the Safavi rulers and becoming the Shah?

    <p>Receiving back all seized territory from Russia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the loss of Kabul and areas west of the Indus River signify for the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Vulnerability to invasions from the North-West (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did many petty zamindars, rajas, and nawabs raise the banner of rebellion and independence?

    <p>In response to the weakening of central authority in India (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused a temporary paralysis in the central administration of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Nadir Shah's invasion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event marked the physical break-up of the Mughal Empire according to the text?

    <p>Foundation of Hyderabad by Nizum-ul-Mulk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Ahmed Shah Abdali do after the weakening of north-western defences of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>Attacked and plundered northern India (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Shah Alam II declare war upon the English East India Company in 1764?

    <p>To regain control over Bengal and Avadh (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to Shah Alam II living as a pensioner under the East India Company's protection in Allahabad?

    <p>Defeat in battles against Marathas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did the Saiyid brothers take in regards to the jizyah tax?

    <p>They abolished the jizyah tax. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Saiyid brothers handle rebellious elements and save the Empire from administrative disintegration?

    <p>By attempting to conciliate and befriend all sections of the nobility. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event led to a wave of public revulsion against the Saiyid brothers?

    <p>The deposition and murder of Farrukh Siyar. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did some nobles declare the Saiyid brothers were following anti-Mughal and anti-Islamic policies?

    <p>Their liberal policy towards the Hindus and an alliance with Rajput and Maratha chiefs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the financial position of the state deteriorate rapidly during the Saiyid brothers' rule?

    <p>Because of rebellious elements refusing to pay land revenue. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did a group of nobles conspire against the Saiyid brothers led by Nizam-ul-Mulk and Muhammad Amin Khan?

    <p>Because they were jealous of the growing power of the two brothers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributed to the end of domination of the Mughal Empire by the Saiyid brothers?

    <p>'The assassinations and defeats of both brothers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one effect of Muhammad Shah's reign on Mughal prestige?

    <p>'Mughal prestige among the people decreased. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were characteristics of Muhammad Shah that contributed to the decline of the Mughal Empire?

    <p>'Neglecting state affairs for a life of luxury. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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