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Questions and Answers
What is the role of the spliceosome?
What is the role of the spliceosome?
Exons are segments of RNA that are not translated into proteins.
Exons are segments of RNA that are not translated into proteins.
False
What is added to the 5' end of mRNA to assist with ribosome binding?
What is added to the 5' end of mRNA to assist with ribosome binding?
G-Cap
The small nuclear _______ (abbreviation) are involved in recognizing and removing intron sequences.
The small nuclear _______ (abbreviation) are involved in recognizing and removing intron sequences.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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What is the significance of alternative splicing?
What is the significance of alternative splicing?
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The Poly-A tail consists of 50-300 dATP nucleotides.
The Poly-A tail consists of 50-300 dATP nucleotides.
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What is the primary function of the Poly-A tail in mRNA?
What is the primary function of the Poly-A tail in mRNA?
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Study Notes
mRNA Modification
- mRNA must be modified before leaving the nucleus
- Introns are removed, leaving only exons
- Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) are crucial in this process:
- They cut out introns and join exons together
- Alternative splicing allows for different exon combinations, resulting in diverse protein products from a single gene
- A 5' cap (G-Cap) is added to the 5' end of the mRNA to facilitate ribosome binding
- A poly-A tail (50-300 adenine nucleotides) is added to the 3' end for protection from degradation
- Mature mRNA, containing only exons, the cap, and the tail, exits the nucleus to the cytoplasm
Mature mRNA
- Mature mRNA comprises only of exons, a 5' G-cap, and a 3' poly-A tail
- Mature mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm, ready for translation
- Untranslated regions (UTRs) are present on both 5' and 3' ends, and these do not code for a protein sequence.
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Description
This quiz explores the essential processes involved in mRNA modification. It covers key concepts such as intron removal, the role of snRNPs, alternative splicing, and the addition of the 5' cap and 3' poly-A tail. Understand how mature mRNA is formed and prepared for translation in the cytoplasm.
