28 Questions
What is the primary purpose of having an intravenous line in the patient?
To administer medication
What is the relationship between T1 and T2?
T1 is used for orbit positioning, while T2 is used for patient positioning
What is the role of ثؼذ انغشاؽخ in the context of patient care?
It is a type of medical equipment
What is the significance of انزغهغم انًؾٕس٘ انًشعؼ in the context of patient care?
It is a type of patient positioning
What is the purpose of ئكه in the context of patient care?
It is a type of medical equipment
What is the relationship between انزغهغم and انًشعؼ?
انزغهغم is a type of انًشعؼ
What is the primary consideration when placing coils in relation to the patient's anatomy?
Positioning the coils parallel to the anatomy
Why is it important to avoid touching the patient with the coils?
To minimize interference with the imaging process
What is the ideal orientation of the coils relative to the patient's eye?
Parallel to the eye
How close should the coils be placed to the patient's eye?
As close as possible without touching the patient
What is the primary benefit of placing the coils parallel to the anatomy?
Enhanced coil sensitivity
What is the purpose of the orientation labels in the MRI image?
To provide a reference point for diagnosis
What is the significance of the two orientation labels in the MRI image?
One label is for the top and the other is for the left
What is the relationship between the orientation labels and the image presentation?
The orientation labels are essential for image presentation
What is the purpose of the MRI image with the orientation labels?
To diagnose brain and orbit disorders
What is the significance of the 2+1 م equation in the context of MRI images?
It is irrelevant to MRI images
What is the purpose of immobilizing the patient using sponges and straps?
To prevent movement during the scan
Which sequence is typically used in the initial scout?
T2-weighted axial
What is the primary benefit of using a surface coil in MRI?
Increased signal-to-noise ratio
What is the purpose of the axial plane in MRI?
To assess the brain and cerebrospinal fluid
What is the typical slice thickness for Spin Echo (SE) 2-D imaging?
3 mm
What is the percentage of slice gap for Spin Echo (SE) 2-D imaging?
20% of slice thickness
What is the advantage of using a T2-weighted sequence in MRI?
Enhanced contrast between soft tissues
What is the primary consideration when selecting a sequence protocol in MRI?
Body region and suspected pathology
What is the saturation slab configuration for Spin Echo (SE) imaging?
No, but perhaps 50% phase oversampling
What is the typical slice thickness for Gradient Echo (GRE) 3-D imaging?
1-1.5 mm
What is the slice gap configuration for Gradient Echo (GRE) 3-D imaging?
0 mm or factor 1.0
What is the relationship between_GRE (3-D) and SE (2-D) in terms of spatial resolution?
SE (2-D) has higher spatial resolution than GRE (3-D)
Study Notes
MRI of the Brain and Orbit
- Each displayed image has two orientation labels, one at the top and the other at the left of the image.
- MRI sequences include:
- T2-weighted axial
- T1-weighted axial
- Others (T2, T1, etc.)
Patient Position and Preparation
- Patient should have an intravenous line.
- Coils should be placed parallel to the anatomy and as close as possible to the eye without touching the patient.
- Immobilize the patient using sponges and straps.
- Ensure proper positioning and immobilization to avoid motion artifacts.
Orbit Imaging
- Patient should be positioned to minimize movement and artifacts.
- Surface coils are used to improve image quality.
- Imaging protocols include:
- Scout: three planes (sagittal, coronal, and axial)
- Sequence T2-weighted axial: along the optic nerve, plot on axial slice
- Slice thickness: 3 mm (SE, 2-D), 1-1.5 mm (GRE, 3-D)
- Slice gap: 20% of slice thickness (SE, 2-D), continuous (GRE, 3-D)
- Saturation slab: no (but perhaps 50% phase oversampling)
Sequences
- T2-weighted axial: along the optic nerve, plot on axial slice
- Sequence parameters:
- Spin echo (SE): 2-D, 3 mm slice thickness, 20% slice gap
- Gradient echo (GRE): 3-D, 1-1.5 mm slice thickness, continuous slice gap
- Other sequences: T1-weighted axial, etc.
Identify the orientation of MRI images of the brain and orbit. Each image will have orientation labels at the top and left. Test your skills!
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