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Questions and Answers

Where are the kidneys located in the human body?

Right next to the heart

On either side of the spine, near the belly button (correct)

In the chest, near the lungs

In the abdominal cavity, near the liver

What is the function of the kidneys in the body?

To digest food and absorb nutrients

To pump blood throughout the body

To filter the blood and release urine (correct)

To regulate body temperature

What is the size of each kidney?

About the size of a basketball

About the size of a baseball

About the size of a football

About the size of a fist (correct)

What is the path that blood takes to reach the kidneys?

From the heart, directly to the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bladder in the body?

To store urine until it's an appropriate time to go to the bathroom Signup and view all the answers

How many kidneys do humans have?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vessel that carries blood from the heart to the kidneys?

Not specified Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the collection of waste products that the body wants to get rid of?

Urine Signup and view all the answers

What does the artery that goes to the kidney contain?

Nutrients, oxygen, and waste products Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the kidneys in terms of blood pressure?

To maintain blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the oxygen in the arterial blood as it flows through the kidney?

Some of it gets used, and some of it goes out Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the capillary beds in the kidney?

To deliver oxygen and recollect nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the end result of the kidney's function?

Production of urine Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the kidney's structure?

It has two capillary beds Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a nutrient that the kidney helps to maintain?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the waste products in the arterial blood as they flow through the kidney?

They get removed and go into the urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the vein in the kidney?

To take nutrients away from the kidney Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the kidney to maintain the right amount of nutrients in the body?

So that we can have the building blocks for our body's structures Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Kidney Overview

Kidneys are located near the belly button, about the size of a fist, and there are two of them.
They sit closer to the back, not in the front, and receive blood from the heart.

Blood Flow and Kidney Function

The heart pumps blood throughout the body, including to the kidneys, which filter the blood and release urine (waste products).
The kidneys filter the blood and release urine, which collects in the bladder until it's time to go to the bathroom.
Arteries hold oxygenated blood that includes nutrients (e.g., electrolytes, proteins, amino acids, glucose) and waste products (e.g., urea, toxic compounds).

Kidney Function in Detail

The kidneys help maintain blood pressure by removing excess electrolytes (e.g., sodium) that can cause high blood pressure.
The kidneys ensure the body doesn't build up too much of a good thing (e.g., nutrients), which can become waste products.
The kidneys receive oxygenated blood from the artery, filter out waste products, and return the blood to the vein, keeping nutrients in the process.
The kidneys need oxygen to function properly and will use some of the oxygen from the arterial blood.

Capillary Beds

The kidneys have two capillary beds that connect the artery and vein.
The first capillary bed is called the vasa recta, which mainly delivers oxygen to the kidneys.
The second capillary bed is called peritubular capillaries, which are mainly responsible for collecting nutrients that the kidneys will filter.
The capillary beds work together to deliver oxygen to the kidney tissue and recollect nutrients for the body.