Movement Science Wk 2 - Movement System Terminology

Questions and Answers

Which factor is NOT considered an individual factor influencing movement?

Base of support (correct)

Psychological factors

Injury history

Gender

What does outcome variability refer to in the context of movement?

The range of strategies to achieve a movement outcome

The consistency of what is achieved (correct)

The overall ability to execute a movement

The effectiveness of movement execution

Which of the following is a method for learning about movement?

Body and movement awareness (correct)

Reducing physical activity

Avoiding observation of complex movements

Focus on social learning only

In the context of kinesiology and biomechanics, what do osteokinematics refer to?

The motion of the bones in relation to each other Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental factor may impact an individual's movement performance?

Surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of kinesiology as a field of study?

The mechanics of body movements and their analysis Signup and view all the answers

What type of variability is likely to lead to errors in performance?

Detrimental variability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT influence an individual's movement capabilities?

Societal acceptance Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of good variability in movement?

It maintains output performance. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a task factor that may influence movement?

Protective equipment Signup and view all the answers

What movement occurs in the sagittal plane?

Flexion and extension Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connective tissue is primarily responsible for connecting bone to bone?

Ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which joint classification allows for movement in three different planes?

Spheroid joint Signup and view all the answers

Which axis corresponds with the frontal/coronal plane?

Frontal axis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hyaline cartilage?

Shock absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of diarthrosis joints?

Synovial with a joint cavity Signup and view all the answers

Which movements occur in the transverse plane?

Medial and lateral rotation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bursae in joints?

To cushion the bones Signup and view all the answers

Which joint movement describes raising the arm laterally away from the body?

Abduction Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor adapts to the deformation in joint capsules and helps provide positioning information?

Mechanoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Movement System according to the APTA?

Integration of body systems that generate and maintain movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT part of the Movement System?

Digestive system Signup and view all the answers

In the context of clinical reasoning, what is the first step in the systematic movement analysis?

Initial conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of physical therapists in relation to the Movement System?

They evaluate and use movement-related interventions to optimize function. Signup and view all the answers

What does motor learning primarily relate to in terms of movement?

Acquiring the ability to perform movements through practice Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a component of movement?

Genetic predisposition Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is a core dimension of expert practice in physical therapy?

Caring commitment to patient-centered approaches Signup and view all the answers

How does movement contribute to medical diagnoses?

It helps in determining diagnosis, disease severity, and therapeutic response. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the definition of movement in physical therapy?

A complex behavior influenced by social, environmental, and personal factors. Signup and view all the answers

What role does exercise play in the context of movement and physical therapy?

Exercise is synonymous with movement and essential for rehabilitation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Movement System Overview

Definition: The Movement System integrates body systems to generate and maintain movement, influenced by social, environmental, and personal factors.
Components: Includes endocrine, nervous, cardiovascular, pulmonary, integumentary, and musculoskeletal systems.
Analysis factors: Movement must consider the task, individual, and environment.

Role of Physical Therapists

Physical therapists focus on purposeful, precise, and efficient movement through the lifespan.
They evaluate the movement system to create individualized care plans and use movement interventions to enhance function, performance, and health.

Clinical Reasoning Framework

Steps: Movement analysis, history, systems review, tests and measures, diagnosis and prognosis, care planning, intervention, and outcome assessment.

Systematic Movement Analysis

Stages: Initial conditions, preparation, initiation, execution, termination, outcome.

Research and Movement

Ongoing research guides physical therapy education and practice, emphasizing that movement extends beyond clinical settings to daily activities and social engagement.

Importance of Movement in Physical Therapy

Movement science incorporates biomechanics, kinesiology, psychology, and neuroscience.
Movement directly affects diagnosis, disease severity, progression, and therapeutic response.

Expert Practice in Physical Therapy

Focus: Returns patients to prior levels of function through examining and addressing movement dysfunction.
Core components: Multidimensional assessment, clinical reasoning, and a commitment to patient care.

Factors Influencing Movement

Individual factors: Gender, age, activity level, anthropometrics, injury history, pain, mobility, psychological aspects, and systemic factors.
Task factors: Specific activities and constraints involved.
Environmental factors: Support base, terrain, footwear, societal influences.

Variability in Movement

Outcome variability pertains to performance consistency.
Coordinative variability encompasses diverse strategies to achieve outcomes; beneficial for maintaining performance.

Learning to Observe Movement

Develop body awareness and engage in movement practice.
Use implicit and explicit observation and conduct objective movement assessments.

Kinesiology Terminology

Kinesiology: The study of body movement mechanics, incorporating anatomy and physiology.
Key terms:
- Osteokinematics: Movement of bones.
- Arthrokinematics: Small movements within joints.

Planes of Motion

Cardinal Planes:
- Sagittal: Divides left and right; involves flexion/extension.
- Frontal/Coronal: Divides front and back; involves abduction/adduction.
- Transverse/Horizontal: Divides upper and lower; involves rotational movements.

Joint Movements

Flexion: Decreasing joint angle.
Extension: Increasing joint angle.
Abduction and Adduction: Movements away from and towards the midline.
Lateral Flexion and Rotation: Movement regarding trunk and cervical regions.
Scapula Movements: Adduction, abduction, elevation, depression.

Connective Tissue Types

Bone: Dynamic, rigid, supports, and protects structures; classified as cortical and cancellous.
Cartilage: Types include hyaline (shock absorber), fibrocartilage (load bearer), and elastic.
Tendons: Connect muscle to bone, withstand tension, and exhibit viscoelastic properties.
Ligaments: Connect bones, stabilize joints, and provide proprioceptive feedback.

Joint Characteristics

Types of Joints:
- Synarthrosis: Non-movable.
- Diarthrosis: Freely movable, characterized by a joint cavity.
Synovial Joints: Enclosed in a fibrous capsule, lubricated by synovial fluid, allowing for various degrees of freedom.

Joint Components and Functions

Bursae: Cushion joints, facilitating smooth motion.
Meniscus: Provides load distribution in joints, not covered by synovial membrane.
Joint Receptors: Provide positional feedback and adapt to joint movement.

Golgi Tendon Organs (GTOs): Inhibit muscle contraction in response to excessive tension.
Cutaneous Receptors: Detect external mechanical and temperature changes, crucial for movement regulation.

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Description

Explore the APTA's vision of the Movement System in relation to physical therapist practice, education, and research. This quiz will examine the integration of various body systems that enable and maintain movement, considering the impact of social, environmental, and personal factors on human movement.