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Study Notes
Mountain Formation
Plate Tectonics Theory
- The process of mountain building is primarily driven by plate tectonics
- The movement of lithospheric plates can cause the Earth's surface to buckle and fold, resulting in the formation of mountains
Types of Mountain Building Processes
- Continental Collision: the collision of two continental plates, resulting in the formation of mountains (e.g. Himalayas)
- Volcanic Arc Formation: the subduction of an oceanic plate under a continental plate, resulting in volcanic activity and mountain building (e.g. Andes)
- Block Faulting: the movement of large blocks of the Earth's crust along faults, resulting in the formation of mountains (e.g. Rocky Mountains)
Stages of Mountain Building
- Crustal Thickening: the thickening of the Earth's crust due to the collision of plates
- Folding: the bending and buckling of the Earth's crust as it is compressed
- Uplift: the rise of the Earth's surface to form mountains
- Denudation: the wearing away of the mountains through erosion and weathering
Factors Influencing Mountain Formation
- Plate Boundary Type: the type of plate boundary (e.g. convergent, divergent, transform) influences the type of mountain building process
- Plate Velocity: the speed at which the plates are moving affects the rate of mountain building
- Crustal Thickness: the thickness of the Earth's crust affects the type of mountain building process and the resulting mountain shape
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Description
Learn about the process of mountain building, including plate tectonics theory, types of mountain building processes, stages of mountain building, and factors influencing mountain formation.
