Motion in a Straight Line

Motion in a Straight Line

Types of Motion

• Rectilinear motion: Motion along a straight line
• Translational motion: Motion in which all points of an object move in the same direction and at the same speed

Kinematic Quantities

• Displacement (s): Distance traveled in a specific direction
• Distance (d): Total length of the path traveled
• Speed (v): Rate of change of distance with respect to time
• Velocity (v): Rate of change of displacement with respect to time
• Acceleration (a): Rate of change of velocity with respect to time

Equations of Motion

• First equation of motion: v = u + at
  • v: final velocity
  • u: initial velocity
  • a: acceleration
  • t: time
• Second equation of motion: s = ut + (1/2)at^2
  • s: displacement
  • u: initial velocity
  • a: acceleration
  • t: time
• Third equation of motion: v^2 = u^2 + 2as
  • v: final velocity
  • u: initial velocity
  • a: acceleration
  • s: displacement

Graphical Representation

• Distance-time graph: A graph of distance versus time
• Velocity-time graph: A graph of velocity versus time
• Acceleration-time graph: A graph of acceleration versus time

Motion with Constant Acceleration

• Uniformly accelerated motion: Motion with constant acceleration
• Freely falling bodies: Objects under the sole influence of gravity, with acceleration g = 9.8 m/s^2

Motion in a Straight Line

Types of Motion

• Motion along a straight line is known as rectilinear motion
• Translational motion occurs when all points of an object move in the same direction and at the same speed

Kinematic Quantities

• Displacement is the distance traveled in a specific direction
• Distance is the total length of the path traveled
• Speed is the rate of change of distance with respect to time
• Velocity is the rate of change of displacement with respect to time
• Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time

Equations of Motion

• The first equation of motion relates final velocity, initial velocity, acceleration, and time: v = u + at
• The second equation of motion relates displacement, initial velocity, acceleration, and time: s = ut + (1/2)at^2
• The third equation of motion relates final velocity, initial velocity, acceleration, and displacement: v^2 = u^2 + 2as

Graphical Representation

• A distance-time graph plots distance versus time
• A velocity-time graph plots velocity versus time
• An acceleration-time graph plots acceleration versus time

Motion with Constant Acceleration

• Uniformly accelerated motion occurs when an object's acceleration is constant
• Freely falling bodies are objects under the sole influence of gravity, with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s^2