76 Questions
What is the displacement of a man who travels from point A to point C if the straight-line distance AC is 4 km East?
4 km East
Considering a car travels a distance of 50 km eastwards, which statement correctly represents this travel?
50 km is the distance travelled
Why is displacement considered a vector quantity?
It has both magnitude and direction
What is the total distance travelled by a man who walks 5 km north, 3 km east, and 4 km south?
12 km
Which of the following statements is true about distance?
Distance has no direction
In Example 2, where the man travels around a circular track, what is the displacement if he starts and ends at point A?
0
Which of these is an example of a scalar quantity?
Distance
How do you calculate the distance travelled in a circular track?
$2πr$
What is the displacement of a vehicle that travels from town A to town B via a tunnel?
10 km
Which physical quantity is described by a magnitude of 4 km in the East direction?
Displacement
If a man travels from point A to point C via point B, what represents his displacement?
Shortest straight-line distance from A to C
Which description most accurately defines a scalar quantity?
A physical quantity having only magnitude
What is the total distance traveled when a body moves from A to B, B to C, and back to A, if AB = 5 km, BC = 3 km, and CA = 4 km?
12 km
Which scenario demonstrates a zero displacement despite the object traveling a certain distance?
Travel in a circle and return to the starting point
If a car moves 50 km towards the East in a straight line, what is the distance and displacement respectively?
50 km and 50 km towards East
What is the nature of a vector quantity?
It has both magnitude and direction
What is the defining characteristic of uniform motion?
Travelling equal distances in equal intervals of time
Which of the following is true for non-uniform motion?
The distance-time graph is a curved line
Which scenario is NOT an example of non-uniform motion?
A car travelling at constant speed
What term is also used to describe non-uniform motion?
Accelerated motion
What type of graph represents the motion of a body in uniform motion?
Straight line
Which of these statements is correct about a freely falling ball?
It travels unequal distances in equal time intervals
What happens to the distance travelled by a train approaching a station per second?
It decreases
How do we determine the type of motion a body has?
By drawing the distance-time graph
If a man travels 10 km north, then 6 km east, and finally 10 km south, what is his total distance travelled?
26 km
A person travels 4 km west and then 3 km north. What is the final displacement?
5 km
If you walk around a circular track with a radius of 10 meters and return to your starting point, what will be your displacement?
0 meters
A man starts at point A, travels 8 km east, 6 km north, and finally 8 km west. What is his total travel distance?
22 km
A person walks 5 m north, 3 m east, and 2 m south. What is the magnitude of the resultant displacement?
4 m
If you travel in a straight line from point A to point B in 3 seconds and then return to point A in another 3 seconds, what is your average velocity?
Zero
Which statement about distance and displacement is correct?
Displacement can be zero while distance cannot be zero.
A person travels 4 m north-east directly. What is the person's displacement?
4 m
Which of the following can be considered as stationary objects?
Electric poles
What characteristic is common to all moving bodies?
They change their position with time.
Under which condition can we say that a body is in motion?
When its position changes continuously with respect to a stationary object taken as a reference.
Which of these statements best defines motion?
When a body changes its position continuously with respect to a stationary object.
Which of the following objects is NOT in motion according to the content?
A parked car
What is the reference point used to determine if an object is in motion?
A stationary object
What is the average speed of sound in air at 20°C?
344 m/s
Which moving object has an average speed of 5 to 15 m/s?
Birds
How much faster is the speed of light in vacuum compared to a military jet aircraft?
600 times faster
What is the average walking speed of a human in meters per second?
2 m/s
Which moving object has an average speed of 216 km/h?
Racing car
If a sprinter runs 100 meters in 10 seconds, what is their average speed?
10 m/s
What is the SI unit of speed?
m/s
If a car travels 150 kilometres in 5 hours, what is its average speed?
30 km/h
Which instrument on a car measures the distance travelled?
Odometer
How is speed classified as a physical quantity?
Scalar quantity because it has no specified direction
Why must speeds of different bodies be expressed in the same units for comparison?
To make accurate comparisons
Which formula represents the relationship between speed, distance, and time?
Speed = Distance / Time
Which of the following units is not typically used for expressing speed?
m/h
A car’s speed is shown by which instrument?
Speedometer
If a man travels from point $A$ to point $B$ (5 km) and then to point $C$ (3 km), what is the displacement from $A$ to $C$?
4 km towards East
A car moves from point $A$ to point $B$ and back to point $A$. What is its displacement?
0
Which of these describes a scalar quantity?
Magnitude only
Why can't the movement of the hour's hand of a clock be observed easily?
It moves very slowly
Which of the following is a vector quantity?
Displacement
If a pendulum completes 10 full swings, what is its displacement from its starting point?
Zero
How far does a man travel if he walks 5 km north, then 3 km east?
8 km
Which type of movement is difficult to observe due to its slow speed?
Hour's hand of a watch
What term describes the actual length of the path covered by a moving body?
Distance
If a car's position is continuously changing with respect to a stationary object, what can be said about the car?
The car is moving
What is the speed of a body if it travels 2 kilometers in 4 minutes in centimeters per second?
833.33 cm/s
An object has a uniform speed of 45 km/h. How far will it travel in 40 minutes?
27 km
A cyclist covers 15 km in 1.5 hours. What is his speed in meters per second?
2.78 m/s
The distance travelled by a body moving at a uniform speed is directly proportional to which of the following?
The time intervals considered
If a car travels 75 km in 1.5 hours, what is its speed in km/h?
60 km/h
Convert a speed of 1500 cm/s to km/h.
54 km/h
A vehicle covers a distance of 150 meters in 10 seconds. What is its speed in kilometers per hour?
54 km/h
A train travels at a speed of 90 km/h. How long will it take to travel 225 kilometers?
2.5 hours
What is the time in seconds taken for a scooterist to travel 3000 meters in 5 minutes?
300 seconds
What is the speed of the scooterist in meters per second (m/s) if they traveled 3000 meters in 5 minutes?
10 m/s
When converting the speed from meters per second to kilometers per hour, what is the resulting speed?
36 km/h
If the distance traveled by the scooterist is 3 kilometers and the time taken is 0.083 hours, what is the speed in kilometers per hour (km/h)?
36 km/h
What should be done to ensure drivers adhere to the speed limit indicated by road signs?
Using speed guns to monitor speeds
What penalty do drivers face if they are caught exceeding the speed limit by a traffic police officer using a speed gun?
Fines
Study Notes
Motion
- A body is said to be in motion when its position changes continuously with respect to a stationary object taken as a reference point.
- The movement of a body (or object) is called motion.
- All bodies that do not remain stationary, such as animals, birds, cars, buses, trains, ships, and aeroplanes, are in motion.
Distance and Displacement
- Distance travelled by a body is the actual length of the path covered by a moving body, regardless of direction.
- Displacement of a body is the shortest distance between the initial and final positions of the body, along with direction.
- Distance is a scalar quantity (has only magnitude, no direction).
- Displacement is a vector quantity (has both magnitude and direction).
Examples
- A man travels a distance of 5 km to reach point B, then 3 km to reach point C, and finally 4 km to reach point A. The distance travelled is 5 + 3 + 4 = 12 km, and the displacement is 4 km towards East.
- A car travels a distance of 50 km, and if it is travelling in a straight line in the East direction, the displacement is 50 km towards East.
Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion
- A body has uniform motion if it travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, no matter how small these intervals may be.
- A body has non-uniform motion if it travels unequal distances in equal intervals of time.
- Examples of non-uniform motion include a freely falling body and a train starting from a railway station.
Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
- Speed is the distance travelled by a body per unit time.
- Speed of a body can be calculated by dividing the distance travelled by the time taken to travel that distance.
- The SI unit of speed is metres per second (m/s).
- Speed has magnitude only, no direction, so it is a scalar quantity.
Average Speed
- Average speed of a body is the total distance travelled divided by the total time taken to cover that distance.
- Formula for average speed: Average Speed = Total Distance Travelled / Total Time Taken.
- Average speed is used when the speed of a body is not constant.
Examples of Speeds
-
Tortoise: 0.06 m/s or 0.216 km/h
-
Human walking: 2 m/s or 7.2 km/h
-
Human running (sprinter): 10 m/s or 36 km/h
-
Birds: 5 to 15 m/s or 18 to 54 km/h
-
Cheetah: 27 m/s or 97.2 km/h
-
Fast car: 30 m/s or 108 km/h
-
Racing car: 60 m/s or 216 km/h
-
Sound in air (at 20°C): 344 m/s or 1238.4 km/h
-
Jet aeroplane: 500 m/s or 1800 km/h
-
Light (in vacuum): 3 x 10^8 m/s or 1.08 x 10^9 km/h### Calculating Speed
-
The scooterist travelled 3000m in 5 minutes, which is equivalent to 300 seconds.
-
The formula for speed is speed = distance/time, where the scooterist's speed is calculated as 3000m / 300s = 10m/s.
-
To express the speed in kilometers per hour, the distance is converted to kilometers (3km) and the time to hours (0.083 hours), resulting in a speed of 3km / 0.083 hours = 36km/h.
Road Signs and Speed Limits
- A road sign displays a speed limit of 40 km/h, promoting driving within the specified limits for personal safety and the safety of others.
Speed Guns and Traffic Enforcement
- Traffic police officers use speed guns to determine the speed of vehicles, enforcing traffic laws and deterring drivers from exceeding the speed limit.
- Drivers caught exceeding the speed limit face penalties, such as fines.
Understanding the difference between stationary objects and moving objects, including examples from everyday life.
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