Podcast
Questions and Answers
What factor heavily influences children's health-related behaviors?
What factor heavily influences children's health-related behaviors?
Children who receive encouragement for unhealthy behaviors at home are more likely to develop good health habits.
Children who receive encouragement for unhealthy behaviors at home are more likely to develop good health habits.
False
What type of health-related behaviors might be influenced by social factors?
What type of health-related behaviors might be influenced by social factors?
Smoking and exercising
When symptoms are perceived as __________, individuals are more likely to seek professional care.
When symptoms are perceived as __________, individuals are more likely to seek professional care.
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Match the following health-related behaviors with their influencers:
Match the following health-related behaviors with their influencers:
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How do people often adjust their health habits when symptoms are not severe?
How do people often adjust their health habits when symptoms are not severe?
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Gender differences in health behavior mean that American girls are typically more physically active than boys.
Gender differences in health behavior mean that American girls are typically more physically active than boys.
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What cognitive factor is crucial for performing health-related behaviors?
What cognitive factor is crucial for performing health-related behaviors?
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What primarily influences a person's likelihood of taking preventive action regarding health issues?
What primarily influences a person's likelihood of taking preventive action regarding health issues?
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The perceived susceptibility to a health problem does not significantly affect a person's decision to take preventive action.
The perceived susceptibility to a health problem does not significantly affect a person's decision to take preventive action.
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What are cues to action in health behavior decision-making?
What are cues to action in health behavior decision-making?
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The likelihood of performing a health behavior is based on the perceived threat of the health problem and the sum of ______ of taking action.
The likelihood of performing a health behavior is based on the perceived threat of the health problem and the sum of ______ of taking action.
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Match the factors influencing perceived susceptibility to health problems:
Match the factors influencing perceived susceptibility to health problems:
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Which factor influences the intention to donate blood?
Which factor influences the intention to donate blood?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of cues to action?
Which of the following is NOT an example of cues to action?
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The subjective norm affects the intention to quit smoking.
The subjective norm affects the intention to quit smoking.
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Women over 50 are less likely to perceive the risk of breast cancer compared to younger males.
Women over 50 are less likely to perceive the risk of breast cancer compared to younger males.
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Name one factor that affects the intention to exercise.
Name one factor that affects the intention to exercise.
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What factors contribute to an individual's assessment of health threat?
What factors contribute to an individual's assessment of health threat?
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Perceived behavioral control is related to self-_____.
Perceived behavioral control is related to self-_____.
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Match the health-related behavior with the appropriate factor influencing intention:
Match the health-related behavior with the appropriate factor influencing intention:
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What is a factor that influences the intention to use condoms?
What is a factor that influences the intention to use condoms?
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The theory of planned behavior has no shortcomings.
The theory of planned behavior has no shortcomings.
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List one limitation of the theory of planned behavior.
List one limitation of the theory of planned behavior.
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Which leading cause of death has seen the largest decrease from the late 1960s to today?
Which leading cause of death has seen the largest decrease from the late 1960s to today?
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The percentage of deaths caused by Alzheimer's disease has increased since the late 1960s.
The percentage of deaths caused by Alzheimer's disease has increased since the late 1960s.
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By how many years can individuals expect to live longer if they engage in healthy behaviors such as exercising and eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables?
By how many years can individuals expect to live longer if they engage in healthy behaviors such as exercising and eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables?
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In the late 1960s, the percentage of deaths caused by ____ was 1.74%.
In the late 1960s, the percentage of deaths caused by ____ was 1.74%.
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Match the following causes of death with their respective percentages in the late 1960s:
Match the following causes of death with their respective percentages in the late 1960s:
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Which behavior is NOT mentioned as contributing to a longer life expectancy?
Which behavior is NOT mentioned as contributing to a longer life expectancy?
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Chronic lower respiratory disease was a major cause of death in the late 1960s.
Chronic lower respiratory disease was a major cause of death in the late 1960s.
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What was the percentage of deaths caused by diabetes in the late 1960s?
What was the percentage of deaths caused by diabetes in the late 1960s?
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What is a primary focus of the stages of change model?
What is a primary focus of the stages of change model?
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Self-efficacy beliefs are unrelated to a person's readiness to change.
Self-efficacy beliefs are unrelated to a person's readiness to change.
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What emotion might lead to flawed decisions regarding health, despite having clear symptoms?
What emotion might lead to flawed decisions regarding health, despite having clear symptoms?
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In the ________ stage, an individual does not yet consider changing their behavior.
In the ________ stage, an individual does not yet consider changing their behavior.
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Match the following stages of change with their characteristics:
Match the following stages of change with their characteristics:
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Which of the following is an example of a perceived barrier to changing unhealthy behavior?
Which of the following is an example of a perceived barrier to changing unhealthy behavior?
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People’s beliefs about what is socially acceptable do not influence their health-related behavior.
People’s beliefs about what is socially acceptable do not influence their health-related behavior.
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What should a nurse do when interacting with an elderly woman at the precontemplation stage regarding exercise?
What should a nurse do when interacting with an elderly woman at the precontemplation stage regarding exercise?
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What is primarily motivating nonrational thought processes in health-related decisions?
What is primarily motivating nonrational thought processes in health-related decisions?
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Individuals with chronic illnesses tend to follow medical advice closely.
Individuals with chronic illnesses tend to follow medical advice closely.
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What are two factors that increase willingness to engage in risky behaviors?
What are two factors that increase willingness to engage in risky behaviors?
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Individuals who use defense mechanisms often deny they are at risk for _____, particularly if their risk of infection is high.
Individuals who use defense mechanisms often deny they are at risk for _____, particularly if their risk of infection is high.
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Match the following factors to their influence on willingness to engage in risky behavior:
Match the following factors to their influence on willingness to engage in risky behavior:
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Which of the following is NOT a factor that heightens willingness to engage in risky behaviors?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that heightens willingness to engage in risky behaviors?
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Stress negatively affects cognitive processes in decision-making.
Stress negatively affects cognitive processes in decision-making.
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What might motivate an individual to use denial regarding health risks?
What might motivate an individual to use denial regarding health risks?
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Study Notes
Mortality Trends in the US
- Death rates from cardiovascular disease (heart disease) have decreased significantly since the late 1960s, from 38.59% to 23.53% of all deaths.
- Malignancies (cancer) have also seen a change from 16.50% to 22.52% of all deaths.
- Conversely, chronic lower respiratory diseases (like emphysema) have become a more significant cause of death, rising from a relatively minor cause to 5.75% of all deaths.
- Accidents, stroke, pneumonia/influenza, early infancy diseases, diabetes, arteriosclerosis, COPD (lung disease), liver disease, and kidney disease have also shown changes in their prevalence as leading causes of death.
- The data displays percentage of all deaths attributed to each of the top 10 causes in the late 1960s and present day, illustrating shifts in the overall mortality landscape.
Health-Related Behaviors and Perception
- Following healthy habits, such as exercising, eating balanced diets, avoiding smoking, and limiting alcohol, can extend lifespan by 12 years.
- Children's health behaviors are often influenced by observations and encouragement from family members.
- Social factors significantly impact health-related behaviors. Friends and family can encourage or discourage habits like smoking and exercising through modelling, praise, or complaints.
- Gender differences can be attributed to these social influences.
Factors Influencing Health Behavior
- Symptoms affect individuals' responses to wellness issues, ranging from ignoring to seeking immediate care.
- People adjust their daily habits to mitigate perceived health challenges, for example, using dietary control for symptoms.
- Health behaviors are influenced by factors like perceived threat/risk, perceived benefits/barriers, and cues to action.
- Personal factors (age, sex, ethnicity, social class) and prior experiences influence health perceptions and actions.
Cognitive Influences on Health Behaviors
- Knowledge of the health problem and the ability to implement positive changes are crucial to health behaviors.
- People evaluate the risk of developing a health problem, and their perceived threat of the problem and associated action costs/benefits dictate if they act on the risk.
- Reminders or alerts (cues) about health issues increase the likelihood of taking action.
Stages of Change Model
- The Stages of Change Model describes people's mindset during behavior change, suggesting that four distinct stages with varied focal points may be more effective.
- Matching interventions to a person's specific stage of change is essential to promote advancement.
Emotional and Non-Rational Thought Processes
- Emotional factors like stress can impact decision-making processes. Anxiety or stress might influence the acceptance of treatment for a chronic illness like diabetes. or the likelihood of denying personal risk to a health problem.
- People might use non-rational thought processes, focusing on confirming information and ignoring disconfirming evidence, when faced with health decisions.
- For example, people might prioritize attractive characteristics over perceived risks related to a behavior.
- People respond to heightened situations involving risk differently from predictable patterns, making the intention/behaviour aspect alone insufficient for understanding their actions. A person's likelihood to engage in a risk-taking behavior depends on factors including subjective norms, attitudes towards the behavior, prior experience, and social image.
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Description
Explore the significant changes in mortality rates in the US, particularly focusing on the decline of cardiovascular disease and the rise of chronic lower respiratory diseases. This quiz examines shifts in leading causes of death from the late 1960s to present day. Test your knowledge on this evolving landscape of health-related concerns.
