Morphology and Morpheme Typology
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Questions and Answers

What is the smallest unit that carries meaning in a language?

Morpheme

The word "uncontrollable" contains ______ morphemes.

three

What is the study of words, both in terms of their internal structure and their combination into larger units?

Morphology

Morphology only deals with the analysis of existing words, not the creation of new words.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a benefit of understanding morphological rules?

<p>Determining the grammatical function of a word (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many morphemes are in the word "deforms"?

<p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many morphemes are in the word "sleeping"?

<p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a free morpheme?

<p>control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major categories of free morphemes?

<p>Open and Closed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Articles, conjunctions, and prepositions are generally considered open morphemes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a bound morpheme?

<p>A morpheme that must be attached to another morpheme to have meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a prefix?

<p>un- (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the morpheme that carries the lexical meaning of a word?

<p>Root</p> Signup and view all the answers

All roots are free morphemes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a derivational morpheme and an inflectional morpheme?

<p>Derivational morphemes change the meaning of a word or its category, while inflectional morphemes change the grammatical function of a word.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a derivational morpheme?

<p>-un (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Derivational morphemes are necessary for grammar.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is not an example of an inflectional morpheme?

<p>-un (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inflectional morphemes can change the core meaning of a word.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the grammatical function of the suffix '-s' in the word 'boys'?

<p>Plural</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a morpheme?

The smallest unit of meaning in a language.

What is Morphology?

The study of how words are formed and structured.

What is a free morpheme?

A morpheme that can stand alone and have meaning.

What is a bound morpheme?

A morpheme that must be attached to another morpheme to have meaning.

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What is a prefix?

A morpheme that is added to the beginning of a word.

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What is a suffix?

A morpheme that is added to the end of a word.

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What is a root?

The core meaning of a word, often the most basic part.

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What is a bound root?

A root that cannot stand alone as a word, often borrowed from another language.

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What is a derivational morpheme?

Morphemes that change the meaning of a word, often creating a new word.

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What is an inflectional morpheme?

Morphemes that change the grammatical function of a word, but not its core meaning.

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What is derivation?

The process of adding a derivational morpheme to a word.

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What is inflection?

The process of adding an inflectional morpheme to a word.

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What is one benefit of morphological knowledge?

The ability to understand words we have never encountered before.

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What is another benefit of morphological knowledge?

The ability to judge that some words are impossible.

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What is a third benefit of morphological knowledge?

The ability to create new words.

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What are open word classes?

Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.

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What are closed word classes?

Articles, conjunctions, prepositions, etc.

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What is an example of a prefix?

The 'un-' in 'unhappy' is an example of a...

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What is an example of a suffix?

The '-ing' in 'running' is an example of a...

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What is an example of a root?

The 'happy' in 'unhappy' is an example of a...

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What is an example of a derivational morpheme?

The '-er' in 'builder' is an example of a...

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What is an example of an inflectional morpheme?

The '-s' in 'apples' is an example of a...

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What is an example of derivation?

The process of adding '-er' to 'build' to make 'builder' is an example of...

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What is an example of inflection?

The process of adding '-s' to 'apple' to make 'apples' is an example of...

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How can knowledge of morphemes help us understand new words?

Understanding 'unbreakable' even if you've never encountered it.

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How can knowledge of morphemes help us recognize incorrect words?

Knowing that 'unhappyful' is not a word.

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How can knowledge of morphemes help us create new words?

Creating words like 'waterproof' or 'supersize' to describe new concepts.

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What are the types of words that make up open word classes?

The class of words like 'cat', 'run', 'big', and 'quickly' can be easily expanded with new words.

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What are the types of words that make up closed word classes?

The class of words like 'a', 'the', 'and', 'but', 'on', etc. rarely gets expanded with new words.

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Study Notes

Morphology

  • A morpheme is the smallest unit that carries meaning.
  • Words can be broken down into morphemes, like "uncontrollable" which is made up of "un," "control," and "-able."
  • "un" means "not," "control" means "command," and "-able" means "capable of."
  • Morphology is the study of words, focusing on their internal structure and how they combine to form larger units.
  • Morphology analyzes existing words into parts, but also focuses on word creation.

Typology of Morphemes

  • Morphemes are categorized into free and bound morphemes.
  • Free morphemes can stand alone with meaning, like "boy," "love," and "girl."
  • Free morphemes are divided into open and closed categories, open-class word meanings are easily expanded, and closed-class words are less adaptable.
  • Bound morphemes need an attachment to another morpheme, to have meaning, such as "un" in "unhappy," "-ness" in "bashful."
  • Prefixes come before the free morpheme (e.g., "un," "dis," "re").
  • Suffixes come after the free morpheme (e.g., "-ful," "-ness," "-ly").

Roots

  • Roots are the core of a word, which hold the core meaning.
  • Roots are the part of the word that remains after removing all the affixes.
  • Some roots are free, some are bound.
  • Bound roots typically derive from other languages like Latin and Greek.

Derivational vs. Inflectional Morphemes

  • Derivational morphemes change the meaning or function of a word with a new meaning and new category, such as "happy" (stem) to "unhappy" (derivative).
  • Inflectional morphemes change the grammatical properties of a word, like tense, number, or case (e.g., adding "-ed" to make a word past tense.) without changing its basic meaning or category.
  • English only has eight inflectional morphemes (plural, possessive, comparative, superlative, present tense, past tense).

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Unit 3 Morphology PDF

Description

Explore the fascinating world of morphology, the study of words and their internal structures. This quiz delves into the definitions of morphemes, their classifications, and the differences between free and bound morphemes. Test your understanding of how words can be constructed and deconstructed.

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