Mood Disorders: DSM 5 Classification

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Questions and Answers

Beyond feeling sad, empty, hopeless, or tearful, what can a depressed mood manifest as in children and teens?

  • Decreased sleep
  • Increased appetite
  • Irritability (correct)
  • Increased energy

Beyond causing extreme sadness, what additional impact does a major depressive episode have on a person's life?

  • Increased sociability
  • Improved physical health
  • Noticeable difficulty in day-to-day activities (correct)
  • Enhanced creativity

How is 'Persistent Depressive Disorder' DISTINCT from a 'Major Depressive Episode'?

  • It results in rapid cycling of moods
  • Symptoms last for at least 2 years (correct)
  • It primarily affects adolescents
  • It typically involves psychotic features

An individual is experiencing a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities, which DSM 5 criteria is this?

<p>Marked loss of interest or pleasure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What statement BEST describes the relationship between Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorders?

<p>Bipolar II is characterized by major depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does mania in Bipolar I disorder DIFFER from hypomania in Bipolar II disorder?

<p>Mania causes MORE noticeable problems in daily life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a client shows symptoms that are similar to major depression but can be improved by some happy events, what condition would you suspect?

<p>Atypical depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the tool called ''Sad Person's Scale'' assist in suicide assessment?

<p>It identifies risk factors in predict suicide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the SAD PERSONS scale, which factor indicates higher risk?

<p>Organized Plan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After initiating antidepressant use, how long is it that mood improvement may take impact?

<p>10 to 14 days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key diagnostic factor for schizoaffective disorder?

<p>Significant disturbances of mood occur before psychosis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are patients given a better understanding of their conditions through psychoeducation?

<p>Group dynamic with other patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal for treatment of those with delusional disorder?

<p>To allow a patient to socialize and function normally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms differentiates brief psychotic disorder from schizophrenia?

<p>Sudden onset and limited duration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of shared psychotic disorder (Folie a Deux)?

<p>Sharing a delusion between two or more people (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of therapy has shown a decrease in hoarding symptoms?

<p>Group cognitive-behavioral therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between typical and atypical antipsychotics when treating psychosis?

<p>Atypical antipsychotics affect a broader range of receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is kindling, and which neurotransmitter does it affect?

<p>It is the bodily mobilization during stress, and it energizes norepinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia?

<p>Deactivate the arousal system through mindfullness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As a nurse interacting with an anxious patient, what is the most important first step?

<p>Conveying clear statements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a client comes in, how might a nurse set a goal for them to overcome Obsessive Compulsive disorder?

<p>Talk to the patient about the treatment plan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name a key difference from an individual with Body dysmorphic disorder and histrionic disorder?

<p>Not limited to body imperfections alone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal for medical nursing staff during patient care with adjustment disorder?

<p>To express the significance of social support (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When you have adjustment disorder with family, what are you assessing?

<p>Assessing the relationship that needs to change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is main sign of a rad disorder?

<p>The child rejects love and care from others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

With somatoform, the medical professional goal?

<p>Change the individuals thinking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the patient is alert but confused, with fluctuations throughout the day, what is he experiencing??

<p>Delirium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are first line of treatment or what not to avoid when treating a patient that has psychosis?

<p>Avoid the pressuring and ask what makes them comfortable and keep that (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What behavior may best a nurse recognize first in a client presenting bulimia nervosa?

<p>If he asks if you think they look fat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the best approach when helping manage eating disorders?

<p>Allow to explain the concerns express the patient. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to help to overcome patients who might not be able to have and talk well enough to talk about issues?

<p>Art and music (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should caregivers expect the person with a stereotype disorder?

<p>There may be rapid repetitive. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is usually diagnosed to lead to eating disorder?

<p>Personality type (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you observe a child engaging with actions with self, what are actions you should take?

<p>Reduce harm of self if causing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which should do first?

<p>Safety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the medical profession to be aware with of a kid diagnosed with a disorder??

<p>Protect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 7-year-old is identified as having a developmental. Which might best describe a course best describe a common cause?

<p>A brain. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the reason to provide education for an adjustment and learning disability?

<p>To be honest in knowing the issue at hand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mood Disorders

Also called an affective disorder, includes depressive and bipolar disorders affecting mood and major functioning.

Mood Disorder definition

A broad term encompassing depressive and bipolar disorders, affecting mood and major functions.

Major depressive episode definition

Persistent feelings of sadness and emptiness.

Major Depressive Episode

Persistent feeling of sadness and emptiness, causing difficulty in day-to-day activities.

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Major Depressive Episode diagnostic criteria

Involves periods of extreme sadness with cognitive, physical, and emotional symptoms lasting at least two weeks.

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Symptoms of depressed mood

Feeling sad, empty, hopeless, or tearful; irritability may be present in children and teens.

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Diagnostic Criteria for depressive episode

Five or more symptoms including depressed mood, loss of interest, weight changes, sleep disturbances, fatigue, guilt, decreased concentration, and suicidal thoughts.

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Features of bipolar disorders

Signs and symptoms may include anxious distress, melancholy, psychosis. Timing of symptoms may include diagnostic labels such as mixed or rapid cycling. Occur during pregnancy or change w/ seasons.

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Bipolar disorder symptoms in children and teens

Symptoms can be difficult to identify and may present as irritability, severe mood swings.

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Behaviors That Mask Depression-Children

Crankiness, school phobia, hyperactivity, learning disorders, failing grades, antisocial behaviors.

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Behaviors that mask depression in adolescents

Substance abuse, joining gangs, risky behavior, underachieving, dropping out.

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PDD Persistent Depressive Disorder

Two conditions previously known as dysthymia (persistent low-grade depression) and chronic major depression.

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Persistent depressive disorder duration

Symptoms may last 2+ years and persistent most days of the week.

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Cognitive Symptoms

Difficulty concentrating or making decisions.

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Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

It's used to categorize children up to 18 yrs who exhibit frequent extreme temper outbursts. Without the manic episodes typical of bipolar d/o

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Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Diagnostic criteria

Severe temper outbursts, chronically irritable/angry mood, trouble functioning due to irritability.

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Symptoms of SAD Seasonal Affective Disorder

Symptoms are similar to major depression but can vary from mild to severe.

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Definition of Psychotic depression

Psychotic depression is considered to be a sub-type of major depressive disorder (MDD).

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Peripartum Depression

Refers to a major depressive episode that occurs during pregnancy or after childbirth

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Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Treatment

Aims to balance hormones and boost mood .

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Situational Depression

A type of adjusment disorder characterized by depressed mood due to someone having trouble with a stressfull event in life.

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Symptoms of Atypical Depression

Depressed mood can be temporarily improved by positive event.

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Mask depression in children

Cranky behavior, hyperactivity, school phobia, learning disorders, failing grades, antisocial behaviors.

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Melancholic Depression symptoms

May also experience symptoms of major depressive disorder

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Sad Persons; Scale

aTool for Suicide Assessment

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Elderly

People over the age of 65

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M.A.D

Major depression, alcoholism, drug addiction.

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Delusional Disorder

Type of serious mental illness where someone cannot distinguish what is real versus imagined

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Brief Psychotic Disorders

uncommon condition period of psychotic behavior

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anticonvulsants

Inhibit kindling, may explain their efficacy in the treatment of bipolar disorder.

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JIMAT

Suicide attempt appearance behavior thought...

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Mood and Affect

Depress affect flat emotiloless

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Patient out come

Not injury himself or Herself.

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Nuring diag

Self care difuciting bathing , dressing , gimming

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Mild anz

Action, problem solve...

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Panic disoder

sudden onset intense apprebension or terro that last from 15-30mins

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Cognitive

Therapeutic is for anxiety

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Obsessive

Rep thoughts and actions.

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Usual of

A new category in dsm that doesn't meets the full criteria

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A condition in in whic a person cannot

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Study Notes

Midterm Topics

  • Mood Disorders
  • Anxiety, Phobias, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
  • Traumatic, Stressors, & Somatic Symptoms Disorders
  • Eating disorders
  • Personality disorders
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Neurocognitive disorders

Mood Disorders

  • Affective disorder and DSM 5 – Bipolar disorders are other names used
  • Includes depressive and bipolar disorders that affect mood and major functioning
  • Affects the individual’s mood, ranging from extremely low (depressed) to extremely high (mania)

Types of Mood Disorders in the DSM 5 Classification

  • Unipolar disorder implies one mood only:
    • Major depressive disorder (MDD)
    • Persistent depressive disorder (PDD)
    • Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
    • Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
    • Psychotic Depression
    • Peripartum/Postpartum Depression
    • Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
    • 'Situational' Depression
    • Atypical Depression
    • Melancholic Depression
  • Bipolar disorders involve two moods-mania and depression:
    • Bipolar 1 Disorder
    • Bipolar 2 Disorder
    • Cyclothymic

Major Depressive Episode

  • Persistent sadness and emptiness are features
  • Symptoms cause noticeable difficulty in day-to-day activities
  • Diagnosed clinically
  • Diagnostic criteria includes extreme sadness with accompanying physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms
  • Symptoms occur for at least 2 weeks almost everyday
  • Significant distress or severely impaired major functioning results

Five or More of the Following Indicate an Episode

  • A depressed mood such as that of feeling sad, empty, or hopeless or tearful
  • irritability can indicate a depressed mood in children and teens
  • Marked loss of interest or feeling no pleasure in activities
  • Significant weight loss w/o dieting, weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite, can indicate depression
  • In children, failure to gain weight as expected may be a sign of depression
  • Experiencing insomnia or sleeping too much
  • Restlessness or slowed behavior
  • Fatigue or loss of energy
  • Feelings of worthlessness or excessive/inappropriate guilt
  • Decreased ability to think/concentrate, or indecisiveness
  • Thoughts about, planning, or attempting suicide

Features of Bipolar Disorder

  • Bipolar II disorders may involve anxious distress, melancholy, or psychosis
  • Symptoms timing includes labels like mixed or rapid cycling
  • Bipolar symptoms may manifest during pregnancy or shift with the seasons
  • Bipolar disorder can prove difficult to identify in children and teens
  • Children/teens may manifest distinct depressive, manic, or hypomanic episodes, which differ from adults
  • Moods shift rapidly during episodes, with some children experiencing symptom-free periods between episodes
  • Severe mood swings differing from their usual swings are prominent signs in children and teens
  • Individuals with bipolar disorder may not recognize their emotional instability and the disruption it causes
  • Mask depression via various behaviors:
    • Children: crankiness, school phobia, hyperactivity, learning disorders, failing grades, antisocial behaviors
    • Adolescents: substance abuse, gang involvement, risky behavior, underachievement, dropping out
    • Adults: substance abuse, eating disorders, compulsive behavior (gambling, workaholism), hypochondriasis
    • Older Adults: argumentativeness, crankiness, somatic ailments

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