Monomers and Polymers Quiz

<p>Body temperature regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protection and temperature regulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary System (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structure dictates function, meaning the shape of a body part determines its role. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palms facing the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midsagittal Plane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pericardial (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parietal Layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appendix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standing with arms at the sides, palms facing forward, head and eyes looking straight ahead. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduce friction between moving organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vertebral Cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Upper Limbs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, while physiology is the study of the function of the body. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The change is amplified. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleura (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medial (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood clotting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>carbon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They include DNA and RNA. (A), They are composed of amino acids linked together. (C), They are polymers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amphipathic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A base (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A base; pH will increase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C6H12O6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can form bonds with other elements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The components can be separated by filtration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amphipathic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Covalent bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms share electrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintains homeostasis by reversing changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midsagittal Plane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive Feedback (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Left Upper Quadrant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lateral Cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate Buffer System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Effector (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NaOH (sodium hydroxide) (B), O₂ (oxygen gas) (C), HCl (hydrochloric acid) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cations have lost electrons; anions have gained electrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of 8 electrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They involve the unequal sharing of electrons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pH = 7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutralizes the acid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitating chemical reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphodiester bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High boiling point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reverses a change to maintain stability. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adhesion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They act to maintain a constant pH. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of structure and relationships between body parts.

The study of function of body structures and how they work together.

The shape and organization of body parts determine how they work.

Hierarchy from chemical to organismal level detailing complexity.

Protects the body and regulates temperature (e.g., skin, hair).

Mechanism that opposes a change, restoring balance (e.g., temperature regulation).

Mechanism that amplifies a change, pushing the body to completion (e.g., childbirth).

The maintenance of stable internal conditions despite external changes.

Divides body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections.

Divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.

Divides body into equal left and right halves.

Refers to a position above or higher than another structure.

Refers to a position below or lower than another structure.

Refers to the front side of the body.

Refers to the back side of the human body.

Closer to the body's trunk or point of attachment.

Farther from the body's trunk or point of attachment.

Includes the head, neck, and trunk of the body.

Comprises the upper and lower limbs.

The cavity that houses the brain and spinal cord.

The cavity containing lungs, heart, and abdominal organs.

Thin double-layered membranes that cover organs and cavities.

The inner layer of the pericardium directly covering the heart's surface.

Protons (+), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (-) make up atoms.

The four most common elements are carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N).

Group 1 elements (alkali metals) have 1 valence electron.

Group 18 elements (noble gases) have 8 valence electrons (except helium, which has 2).

Atoms gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of 8 electrons.

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms, creating charged ions.

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Weak bonds that form between polar molecules due to charge differences.

Cations are positively charged ions that have lost electrons (e.g., Na⁺).

Anions are negatively charged ions that have gained electrons (e.g., Cl⁻).

The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution, ranging from acidic (<7) to basic (>7).

Water has unique properties: cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, and evaporative cooling.

Four major macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids serve essential functions in living organisms.

Phosphodiester bonds link nucleotides in DNA and RNA, forming the backbone of genetic material.

Carbon is the foundation of organic compounds like proteins and nucleic acids.

Group 18 elements have a full valence shell, providing chemical stability.

Lipids are a major component of cell membranes and include phospholipids.

Molecules that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, like phospholipids.

Neutralization occurs when an acid is mixed with a base, increasing pH.

Stomach acid (HCl) is neutralized in the small intestine by bicarbonate from the pancreas.

A homogeneous mixture where a solute, like sugar, is completely dissolved in a solvent, like water.

An organic molecule contains carbon bonded to hydrogen, like glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆).

Polar molecules have a hydrophilic end and a nonpolar end, typical of phospholipids.

Elements in the far left column (Group 1) have high reactivity due to one valence electron.

Atoms become stable via bonding by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons.

A solution with a high concentration of H⁺ ions, often due to strong acids like HCl.

Receptor, Control Center, Effector are the three components detecting and restoring balance.

The three main planes are Transverse, Coronal, and Midsagittal, dividing the body differently.

Terms like dorsal, ventral, superior, and inferior describe body positioning.

Dorsal (brain & spinal cord) and Ventral (thoracic & abdominopelvic) cavities in the body.

Four quadrants: RUQ (liver), LUQ (stomach), RLQ (appendix), LLQ (left ovary).

A small unit that can bond with others to form polymers, like amino acids for proteins.

A large molecule made of repeating monomers, crucial for biological functions.