18 Questions
What is the difference between impulse and impact force?
the time the force acts
What would happen if a tiny gun made of a strong but very light material fires a bullet that is more massive than the gun itself?
conservation of energy would not hold
What happens to the average force your body experiences if the time of impact is increased?
It decreases
What does the force on an apple hitting the ground depend upon?
The time of impact with the ground
What exerts the force that accelerates a rocket in outer space?
Exhaust gases
If a large metal ball is shot from a cannon with a longer barrel, what happens to its muzzle velocity?
It increases
After swallowing a 1-kg fish swimming toward it at 4 m/s, what is the speed of the 5-kg shark?
$\frac{1}{6}$ m/s
What was the initial speed of the 5000-kg freight car before colliding with a 10,000-kg freight car at rest?
6 m/s
Which of the following scenarios has the largest momentum relative to the Earth?
the Science building on campus
What factor distinguishes impulse from impact force?
time the force acts
When a tiny gun made of a strong but very light material fires a bullet more massive than the gun itself, what would not hold true?
conservation of energy
When two objects of different masses but same size and shape are dropped from a tower, what is greater for the heavier one?
all of these
What is the effect on the average force your body experiences if the time of impact is increased?
It is less than 1/10 as great
What does the force on an apple hitting the ground depend upon?
All of these
What exerts the force that accelerates a rocket in outer space?
Exhaust gases
If a large metal ball is shot from a cannon with a longer barrel, what happens to its muzzle velocity?
It is more
After swallowing a 1-kg fish swimming toward it at 4 m/s, what is the speed of the 5-kg shark?
$1/6$ m/s
If you push for a half hour or a whole hour against a stationary wall, what happens in terms of work done?
No work is done in either case
Study Notes
Impulse and Impact Force
- Impulse is the product of force and time, whereas impact force is the force exerted during a collision.
- Impulse is a measure of the change in momentum, whereas impact force is a measure of the rate of change of momentum.
Momentum and Collisions
- When a tiny gun fires a bullet more massive than the gun itself, the gun will recoil backward with a speed greater than the bullet's speed.
- Momentum is conserved in a collision, meaning the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.
Force and Acceleration
- The force on an apple hitting the ground depends on the mass of the apple and the acceleration due to gravity.
- The force that accelerates a rocket in outer space is the thrust produced by the rocket's engines.
Velocity and Muzzle Velocity
- If a large metal ball is shot from a cannon with a longer barrel, its muzzle velocity will increase.
- The speed of a 5-kg shark after swallowing a 1-kg fish swimming toward it at 4 m/s can be calculated using the law of conservation of momentum.
Momentum and Kinematics
- The initial speed of a 5000-kg freight car before colliding with a 10,000-kg freight car at rest can be calculated using the law of conservation of momentum.
- The scenario with the largest momentum relative to the Earth would be the one with the largest product of mass and velocity.
Force and Time
- If the time of impact is increased, the average force experienced by the body decreases.
- Pushing against a stationary wall for a longer time does not result in more work done, as the displacement is zero.
Test your knowledge about momentum and impulse with this quiz. Answer questions about momentum, impulse, and impact force.
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