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Questions and Answers
What suffix is used for cations with a lower charge in the common naming system?
What suffix is used for cations with a lower charge in the common naming system?
- -ide
- -ate
- -ic
- -ous (correct)
Which of the following correctly identifies the anion represented by the formula Cl−?
Which of the following correctly identifies the anion represented by the formula Cl−?
- chloric ion
- chloride ion (correct)
- chlorate ion
- chlorous ion
Which of the following ions has a systematic name that includes the suffix -ic?
Which of the following ions has a systematic name that includes the suffix -ic?
- Cu+
- Fe3+ (correct)
- Ca2+
- S2−
What is the name of the monatomic ion with the formula O2−?
What is the name of the monatomic ion with the formula O2−?
Which of the following ions uses the prefix 'cuprous' in its systematic name?
Which of the following ions uses the prefix 'cuprous' in its systematic name?
Which of the following correctly names the ion represented by SO32−?
Which of the following correctly names the ion represented by SO32−?
What distinguishes the use of the suffixes -ic and -ous in the naming of ions?
What distinguishes the use of the suffixes -ic and -ous in the naming of ions?
Which of the following correctly names the ion with the formula NH4+?
Which of the following correctly names the ion with the formula NH4+?
Which of the following correctly describes the order of nonmetals in a binary compound formula?
Which of the following correctly describes the order of nonmetals in a binary compound formula?
What is the correct name for the compound SO3?
What is the correct name for the compound SO3?
Which prefix is omitted when naming the first element in a compound if there is only one atom?
Which prefix is omitted when naming the first element in a compound if there is only one atom?
In the name 'dichlorine heptoxide', which part indicates the number of oxygen atoms?
In the name 'dichlorine heptoxide', which part indicates the number of oxygen atoms?
What is the systematic name for the compound SeCl2?
What is the systematic name for the compound SeCl2?
Which of the following compounds does not capitalize the prefix in its name?
Which of the following compounds does not capitalize the prefix in its name?
Which of the following represents a molecular compound with a common name?
Which of the following represents a molecular compound with a common name?
Which formula corresponds to the name 'dinitrogen monoxide'?
Which formula corresponds to the name 'dinitrogen monoxide'?
What suffix is commonly used in the Stock system to indicate a monatomic cation?
What suffix is commonly used in the Stock system to indicate a monatomic cation?
Which of the following represents the correct name for Fe2+ in the Stock system?
Which of the following represents the correct name for Fe2+ in the Stock system?
What is the correct systematic name for Cu+?
What is the correct systematic name for Cu+?
Which of the following statements is true regarding iron ions?
Which of the following statements is true regarding iron ions?
How is the charge of a cation denoted in the Stock system?
How is the charge of a cation denoted in the Stock system?
Which name corresponds to the ion with the formula Sn2+?
Which name corresponds to the ion with the formula Sn2+?
What is the common name for the ion with the formula Pb4+?
What is the common name for the ion with the formula Pb4+?
Which element forms cations that can be referred to as aurous and auric ions?
Which element forms cations that can be referred to as aurous and auric ions?
Which of the following cation names is not part of the common naming system?
Which of the following cation names is not part of the common naming system?
In the context of naming ions, why is there no suffix or Roman numeral for the sodium ion?
In the context of naming ions, why is there no suffix or Roman numeral for the sodium ion?
Flashcards
Monatomic cation naming
Monatomic cation naming
The name of a monatomic cation is the element name followed by the word 'ion'.
Stock system
Stock system
A naming system for ions with multiple possible charges. The charge is indicated by a Roman numeral in parentheses after the element name.
Iron(II) ion
Iron(II) ion
The iron ion with a 2+ charge.
Iron(III) ion
Iron(III) ion
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Copper(I) ion
Copper(I) ion
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Copper(II) ion
Copper(II) ion
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Tin(II) ion
Tin(II) ion
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Tin(IV) ion
Tin(IV) ion
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Different ion charges
Different ion charges
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Common Ion Naming System
Common Ion Naming System
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Monatomic anion naming rule
Monatomic anion naming rule
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Examples of monatomic anions
Examples of monatomic anions
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Cation naming using -ic and -ous suffixes
Cation naming using -ic and -ous suffixes
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Example of cation naming
Example of cation naming
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Calcium Ion
Calcium Ion
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Sulfide Ion
Sulfide Ion
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Sulfite Ion
Sulfite Ion
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Ammonium Ion
Ammonium Ion
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Binary Molecular Compound
Binary Molecular Compound
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Prefixes in Naming
Prefixes in Naming
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Prefix 'Mono' Exception
Prefix 'Mono' Exception
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Order of Elements
Order of Elements
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Formula vs. Lowest Ratio
Formula vs. Lowest Ratio
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Common Names
Common Names
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Dropping Vowel Prefixes
Dropping Vowel Prefixes
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Example: CF4
Example: CF4
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Study Notes
Molecules and Compounds
- Molecules are combinations of two or more atoms strongly bonded, behaving as a single particle.
- A molecule is the smallest part of a substance with its physical and chemical properties.
- Molecules are made of more than one atom.
- Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an ionic compound made of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl).
- Sodium is a highly reactive metal.
- Chlorine is a pale yellow, corrosive gas.
- These elements react to form salt, with different properties from its individual elements.
- Salt is essential for life, maintaining body fluids and nerve function.
- Sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) is a carbohydrate, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Sugar has different properties than its elements
- Compounds have a constant composition, unlike mixtures.
- A compound is a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion.
- Chemical reactions involve changes in composition (formation of different compounds).
- A chemical change is a change that produces matter with a different composition .
- Chemical formulas show the elements and ratios in a compound.
- If only one atom of an element is present, no subscript is used.
- If more than one atom, a subscript is written after the symbol.
- Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms bonded together with an overall charge.
Chemical Formulas
- Chemical formulas show the elements and their proportions in a compound.
- Water (H₂O) has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
- Molecular formulas list the exact number of atoms in a molecule (e.g., NH₃ has one nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms)
- Empirical formulas show the elements in their simplest whole-number ratio (e.g., glucose CH₂O)
A Molecular View of Elements and Compounds
- Elements can exist as individual atoms (e.g., Fe), or as molecules with multiple atoms (e.g., O₂).
- Molecular elements have two or more atoms of the same element bonded together (e.g., O₂, N₂).
- Molecular compounds are formed when different nonmetals bond, such as water (H₂O)
- Ionic compounds are composed of a metal and nonmetal (e.g., NaCl).
Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds
- Ionic compounds are electrically neutral (overall charge of zero).
- The crisscross method involves swapping the numerical values of the ionic charges as subscripts for each ion (e.g., Pb²⁺ and O²⁻ form PbO₂).
- Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms bonded together with a charge, and appear in parentheses in formulas (e.g., SO₄²⁻).
Nomenclature/Naming Compounds
- Naming is a system for identifying chemical compounds unambiguously
- Binary ionic compounds (metal and nonmetal) are named by stating the cation followed by the anion. (e.g., NaCl is sodium chloride ).
- Naming Oxyacids: Some naming rules apply to compounds containing oxyanions (polyatomic anions containing oxygen).
Formula Mass
- Formula mass is the sum of the atomic mass of all atoms in a formula.
- Calculate the mass of the constituent atoms
- For ionic compounds, the formula unit mass is used.
- For molecular compounds, the molecular mass is used.
- Example of calculating the formula mass of NaCl:
- Na= 22.99 amu
- Cl= 35.45 amu
- Total= 58.43 amu
Hydrates
- Hydrates are ionic compounds that hold water molecules in their crystal structure.
- The water molecules are indicated in the formula using a dot (e.g., CuSO₄∙5H₂O)
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Description
Test your knowledge on the structure and properties of molecules and compounds. This quiz covers essential concepts such as the formation of ionic compounds like sodium chloride and the differences between compounds and mixtures. Dive into the world of chemistry with questions designed to enhance your understanding of chemical reactions and compositions.
