Molecules and Compounds Quiz
26 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What suffix is used for cations with a lower charge in the common naming system?

  • -ide
  • -ate
  • -ic
  • -ous (correct)

    • Which of the following correctly identifies the anion represented by the formula Cl−?

  • chloric ion
  • chloride ion (correct)
  • chlorate ion
  • chlorous ion

    • Which of the following ions has a systematic name that includes the suffix -ic?

  • Cu+
  • Fe3+ (correct)
  • Ca2+
  • S2−

    • What is the name of the monatomic ion with the formula O2−?

    <p>oxide ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ions uses the prefix 'cuprous' in its systematic name?

    <p>Cu+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly names the ion represented by SO32−?

    <p>sulfite ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the use of the suffixes -ic and -ous in the naming of ions?

    <p>-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly names the ion with the formula NH4+?

    <p>ammonium ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the order of nonmetals in a binary compound formula?

    <p>C, P, N, H, S, I, Br, Cl, F, O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the compound SO3?

    <p>sulfur trioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which prefix is omitted when naming the first element in a compound if there is only one atom?

    <p>mono-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the name 'dichlorine heptoxide', which part indicates the number of oxygen atoms?

    <p>hept-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the systematic name for the compound SeCl2?

    <p>selenium dichloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds does not capitalize the prefix in its name?

    <p>tetrafluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a molecular compound with a common name?

    <p>carbon tetrachloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula corresponds to the name 'dinitrogen monoxide'?

    <p>N2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What suffix is commonly used in the Stock system to indicate a monatomic cation?

    <p>ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents the correct name for Fe2+ in the Stock system?

    <p>iron(II) ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct systematic name for Cu+?

    <p>copper(I) ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding iron ions?

    <p>Iron forms only one type of ion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the charge of a cation denoted in the Stock system?

    <p>By a Roman numeral in parentheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which name corresponds to the ion with the formula Sn2+?

    <p>tin(II) ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name for the ion with the formula Pb4+?

    <p>plumbic ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element forms cations that can be referred to as aurous and auric ions?

    <p>gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cation names is not part of the common naming system?

    <p>iron(III) ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of naming ions, why is there no suffix or Roman numeral for the sodium ion?

    <p>Sodium forms only a +1 ion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Molecules and Compounds

    • Molecules are combinations of two or more atoms strongly bonded, behaving as a single particle.
    • A molecule is the smallest part of a substance with its physical and chemical properties.
    • Molecules are made of more than one atom.
    • Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an ionic compound made of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl).
    • Sodium is a highly reactive metal.
    • Chlorine is a pale yellow, corrosive gas.
    • These elements react to form salt, with different properties from its individual elements.
    • Salt is essential for life, maintaining body fluids and nerve function.
    • Sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) is a carbohydrate, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
    • Sugar has different properties than its elements
    • Compounds have a constant composition, unlike mixtures.
    • A compound is a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion.
    • Chemical reactions involve changes in composition (formation of different compounds).
    • A chemical change is a change that produces matter with a different composition .
    • Chemical formulas show the elements and ratios in a compound.
    • If only one atom of an element is present, no subscript is used.
    • If more than one atom, a subscript is written after the symbol.
    • Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms bonded together with an overall charge.

    Chemical Formulas

    • Chemical formulas show the elements and their proportions in a compound.
    • Water (H₂O) has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
    • Molecular formulas list the exact number of atoms in a molecule (e.g., NH₃ has one nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms)
    • Empirical formulas show the elements in their simplest whole-number ratio (e.g., glucose CH₂O)

    A Molecular View of Elements and Compounds

    • Elements can exist as individual atoms (e.g., Fe), or as molecules with multiple atoms (e.g., O₂).
    • Molecular elements have two or more atoms of the same element bonded together (e.g., O₂, N₂).
    • Molecular compounds are formed when different nonmetals bond, such as water (H₂O)
    • Ionic compounds are composed of a metal and nonmetal (e.g., NaCl).

    Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds

    • Ionic compounds are electrically neutral (overall charge of zero).
    • The crisscross method involves swapping the numerical values of the ionic charges as subscripts for each ion (e.g., Pb²⁺ and O²⁻ form PbO₂).
    • Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms bonded together with a charge, and appear in parentheses in formulas (e.g., SO₄²⁻).

    Nomenclature/Naming Compounds

    • Naming is a system for identifying chemical compounds unambiguously
    • Binary ionic compounds (metal and nonmetal) are named by stating the cation followed by the anion. (e.g., NaCl is sodium chloride ).
    • Naming Oxyacids: Some naming rules apply to compounds containing oxyanions (polyatomic anions containing oxygen).

    Formula Mass

    • Formula mass is the sum of the atomic mass of all atoms in a formula.
    • Calculate the mass of the constituent atoms
    • For ionic compounds, the formula unit mass is used.
    • For molecular compounds, the molecular mass is used.
    • Example of calculating the formula mass of NaCl:
    • Na= 22.99 amu
    • Cl= 35.45 amu
    • Total= 58.43 amu

    Hydrates

    • Hydrates are ionic compounds that hold water molecules in their crystal structure.
    • The water molecules are indicated in the formula using a dot (e.g., CuSO₄∙5H₂O)

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    5. Molecules And Compounds PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the structure and properties of molecules and compounds. This quiz covers essential concepts such as the formation of ionic compounds like sodium chloride and the differences between compounds and mixtures. Dive into the world of chemistry with questions designed to enhance your understanding of chemical reactions and compositions.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser