Molecular Orbitals and Bonding

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of using computational chemistry in pharmaceutical research?

  • To understand the distribution of electrons
  • To predict molecular structures
  • To identify specific disease targets (correct)
  • To study atomic orbitals

How are potential drug candidates narrowed down in pharmaceutical research?

  • By testing the drugs on animals
  • By studying atomic structures
  • By carefully testing for side effects and effectiveness (correct)
  • By focusing on electron distribution

In a molecular orbital diagram for a diatomic molecule, the dashed lines represent:

  • Antibonding orbitals
  • Degenerate orbitals
  • Bonding orbitals
  • The combination of atomic orbitals (correct)

How are electrons distributed in molecular orbitals according to the Aufbau principle?

<p>Electrons spread out among degenerate orbitals before pairing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the molecular electron configuration for a diatomic molecule with 8 valence electrons?

<p>(σ1s)2(σ∗1s)2(σ2s)2(σ∗2s)1(π2p)4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecular orbitals result from combining atomic orbitals?

<p>Bonding and antibonding orbitals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of computational chemists in predicting drug structures?

<p>To predict how structures fit together and bind effectively (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do scientists inhibit the progress of diseases like HIV-1 with pharmaceutical research?

<p>By designing molecules that bind to specific proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when one pair of atomic orbitals combine in a molecular orbital diagram?

<p>One antibonding orbital forms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle governs the filling of molecular orbitals in the same way as atomic orbitals?

<p>Aufbau principle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are low-energy molecular orbitals filled compared to high-energy orbitals?

<p>Electrons spread out among low-energy orbitals before pairing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in each molecular orbital?

<p>2 electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it common to omit core electrons from molecular orbital diagrams and configurations?

<p>Core electrons do not participate in bonding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a diatomic molecule with 10 valence electrons, what would be its molecular electron configuration?

<p>(σ1s)2(σ∗1s)2(σ2s)2(σ∗2s)2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when three pairs of atomic orbitals combine in a molecular orbital diagram?

<p>Six bonding orbitals and six antibonding orbitals result (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of molecular orbital diagram represents a diatomic molecule's atomic orbitals on the left and right?

<p>(σ-σ*) diagram (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does each horizontal line in a molecular orbital diagram represent?

<p>Two electrons in an orbital (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle guides the distribution of electrons in degenerate molecular orbitals?

<p>'Hund's rule' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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