key and sum 8
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Questions and Answers

What type of orbital destabilizes a molecule?

  • Bonding orbital
  • Degenerate orbital
  • Antibonding orbital (correct)
  • Hybrid orbital

In which type of molecule do orbitals have the same energy level?

  • Homonuclear diatomic molecule (correct)
  • Diamagnetic molecule
  • Hybridized molecule
  • Paramagnetic molecule

What phenomenon occurs when a material is repelled by a magnetic field?

  • Paramagnetism
  • Pi bonding
  • S-P mixing
  • Diamagnetism (correct)

What model describes the changes in atomic orbitals when forming a covalent compound?

<p>Hybridization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond has electron density found on opposite sides of the internuclear axis?

<p>Pi bond (Ï€ bond) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is formed by the side-by-side overlap of atomic orbitals?

<p>Ï€ bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many orbitals are involved in sp2 hybridization?

<p>Three (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the antibonding molecular orbital formed by out-of-phase overlap of atomic orbitals along the axis of the bond?

<p>σ* bonding orbital (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hybrid orbitals are present in sp3d2 hybridization?

<p>Six (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main feature of a π bonding orbital molecular orbital?

<p>Electron density found on opposite sides of the internuclear axis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In valence bond theory, what type of bond is formed when atomic orbitals overlap along an axis containing the nuclei?

<p>σ bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hybrid orbitals are present in sp3d hybridization?

<p>Five (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding molecular orbital results from in-phase combinations of atomic wave functions?

<p>σ orbital (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond involves the side-by-side overlap of unhybridized orbitals?

<p>Ï€ bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of electrons occupying antibonding molecular orbitals?

<p>Decrease stability of the molecule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the difference between a σ bond and a π bond in terms of electron density.

<p>A σ bond has electron density along the axis of the bond, while a π bond has electron density on opposite sides of the internuclear axis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how hybrid orbitals are used to describe the electron density around covalently bonded atoms.

<p>Hybrid orbitals are mathematical combinations of valence atomic orbitals that either form σ bonds directed towards other atoms, or contain lone pairs of electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals?

<p>Bonding molecular orbitals stabilize a molecule through in-phase combinations of atomic wave functions, while antibonding molecular orbitals destabilize a molecule through out-of-phase combinations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are π orbitals different from σ MOs in terms of orientation and electron density?

<p>π orbitals are formed from p orbitals oriented in a side-by-side fashion, with electron density on opposite sides of the internuclear axis, while σ MOs can be formed from s or end-to-end p orbitals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how resonance affects the placement of π bonds in a molecule.

<p>Resonance occurs when multiple unhybridized orbitals can overlap in different ways, leading to varying placements of π bonds in the molecule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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