Molecular Genetics: DNA Structure and Chargaff's Rule

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What is the characteristic of B DNA?

Left-handed helix with 10 residues per turn

Right-handed helix with 10 residues per turn (correct)

Right-handed helix with 11 base pairs per turn

Left-handed helix with 12 base pairs per turn

What is the number of hydrogen bonds between Adenine and Thymine?

4

1

3

2 (correct)

What is the shape of Z DNA?

Linear structure

Left-handed helix (correct)

Circular structure

Right-handed helix

What is the genetic code responsible for?

Specifying the sequence of amino acids in proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the codons in the genetic code?

To specify the sequence of amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a typical protein?

Participating in metabolic processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of codons in the genetic code?

64 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the enzyme primase in DNA replication?

To start DNA replication by synthesizing RNA primers Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the genetic code that ensures that a specific codon always codes for the same amino acid?

Unambiguous Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, what is the direction of synthesis of new DNA strands?

5' to 3' Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of DNA replication?

Two identical double-stranded DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the origin recognition complex (ORC) in DNA replication?

To recognize the origin of replication Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of topoisomerases during DNA replication?

To relieve torsional strain that results from helicase-induced unwinding Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for removing mismatched nucleotides during DNA replication?

DNA polymerase III Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of synthesis of the leading strand in DNA replication?

5' to 3' Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing short segments of complementary RNA primers during DNA replication?

Primase Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the lagging strand in DNA replication?

It is synthesized in short, discontinuous segments Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of DNA ligase in the replication process?

To seal the nick by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following RNA polymerases is responsible for synthesizing tRNA?

Pol III Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of enhancers in the transcription process?

To stimulate transcription rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of introns in the post-transcriptional modification process?

To be removed and spliced out of the RNA transcript Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tRNA in the translation process?

To carry amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of the translated protein in the given example?

NH2 - Met - Tyr - Stop - His - COOH Signup and view all the answers