Molecular Evolution MBG4072 Introduction Quiz
18 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What term describes a gene/protein related to a second gene/protein by descent from a common ancestral gene by speciation?

  • Paralog
  • Convergent evolution
  • Ortholog
  • Homolog (correct)

    • Which mechanism involves the evolution of similar features or properties in genes/proteins of different genetic lineages?

  • Ortholog
  • Mutation
  • Paralog
  • Convergent evolution (correct)

    • What is the term that describes genes/proteins in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation and retain the same function?

  • Ortholog (correct)
  • Convergent evolution
  • Paralog
  • Mutation

    • What type of evolution involves genes/proteins related by duplication of a common ancestral gene that evolves new functions even if related to that of the ancestor?

    <p>Paralog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of evolution involves the evolution of a new gene/protein that is genetically independent of the ancestral gene from which it arose?

    <p>Speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for stochastic single point changes in the genetic material due to various factors, leading to slow but constant mutation rates?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of genes are identical between humans and chimpanzees?

    <p>99%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many nucleotide differences are there between the human and chimpanzee genomes?

    <p>30,000,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of human genes have an identical homologue in chimpanzees?

    <p>29%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On average, how many amino acid differences are there per gene between humans and chimpanzees?

    <p>2 amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a gene expression study comparing human and chimpanzee cerebral cortex, how many genes showed human-specific changes?

    <p>91</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the genes that showed human-specific changes in the cerebral cortex study exhibited increased expression in humans?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves inferring adaptive amino acid changes in proteins?

    <p>Measuring selection on protein-coding genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inferring lineage-specific evolution?

    <p>Determine genetic and genomic changes that have made us human</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of changes are measured when selecting 'for' particular amino acids in proteins?

    <p>Non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does inferring ancestral states for genes involve?

    <p>Determining the genetic makeup of genes in the past</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus when inferring recent 'selective sweeps' in the human genome?

    <p>Measuring selection on protein-coding genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Codon usage' is most relevant to which aspect of molecular evolution?

    <p>'Adaptive amino acid change'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser