Molecular Dynamics and Structure Refinement Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which method involves generating conformations by systematically assigning values to torsion angles of rotatable bonds in a molecule?

  • Simulated annealing
  • Random conformational search
  • Depth-first search
  • Grid search (correct)

Which method involves an iterative procedure where a structure is randomly modified and minimized to generate new conformations?

  • Grid search
  • Random conformational search (correct)
  • Depth-first search
  • Simulated annealing

Which method uses a depth-first search with tree pruning to eliminate structures with high-energy due to clashes?

  • Grid search
  • Depth-first search (correct)
  • Simulated annealing
  • Random conformational search

Which method involves gradual reduction of temperature to explore the search space more widely?

<p>Simulated annealing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is used to score and rank different members of the population in the evolution process?

<p>Fitness function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the chromosome in GASP?

<p>2N - 1 bitstrings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are new potential members of the population generated in the evolution process?

<p>Random generation of chromosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic operator that involves swapping bits in two parent chromosomes?

<p>Crossover operator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of functional group is more likely to act as an acceptor in intermolecular interactions?

<p>Ester group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 3D pharmacophore searching?

<p>To identify compounds with 3D properties important for interaction with a biological target (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage in the two-stage procedure of 3D database searching?

<p>Rapid screening (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of structure-generation programs in 3D databases?

<p>To generate low energy conformations from 2D representations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which computational models are required to determine the steric and electronic properties of a molecule?

<p>Both quantum mechanics and molecular simulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the CSD and PDB databases?

<p>To derive knowledge and rules about conformational properties and intermolecular interactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the CSD and PDB databases?

<p>The CSD contains x-ray structures of organic and organometallic compounds, while the PDB contains protein structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method uses clique detection to generate a series of low-energy conformations for each molecule?

<p>DISCO program (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scoring function used in the Maximum Likelihood Method for Pharmacophore Mapping?

<p>q(x) - fraction of active molecules that matches each of the classes x (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Genetic Algorithm?

<p>To gradually evolve towards better solutions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a clique in the context of pharmacophore mapping?

<p>A completely connected subgraph in a graph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves deriving a 3D pharmacophore by identifying the pharmacophoric groups in each molecule that will be overlaid in the final pharmacophore?

<p>Pharmacophore mapping using constrained systematic search (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective when deriving a 3D pharmacophore?

<p>To determine the largest number of features common to all active molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does molecular dynamics solve in the system?

<p>Newton's equations of motion for the atoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the constrained systematic search procedure in pharmacophore mapping?

<p>To derive distance constraints between pharmacophoric features (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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