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Molecular Biology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of ribozymes in RNA?

To store genetic information

To transport amino acids

To catalyze chemical reactions (correct)

To replicate DNA

Which of the following statements accurately describes the structure of DNA?

DNA contains ribose sugar in its backbone.

DNA base pairs A-U and C-G.

DNA is made up of a single strand of nucleotides.

DNA consists of two anti-parallel strands coiled around histones. (correct)

In Meselson and Stahl's experiment, what was the purpose of using heavy nitrogen (15N)?

To create a density gradient for separating DNA molecules (correct)

To facilitate faster DNA replication

To reduce the activity of bacteria

To label newly synthesized nucleotides only

What is the key feature of hydrogen bonds in the DNA structure?

They are weak individually but collectively strong Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis?

mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of helicase during DNA replication?

To unwind the DNA double helix Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about leading and lagging strands is correct?

Lagging strand is made in fragments called Okazaki fragments. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

To join Okazaki fragments together Signup and view all the answers

How does DNA polymerase III initiate replication?

It requires existing nucleotides to start extending. Signup and view all the answers

What typically marks the starting point of DNA replication?

AT-rich regions due to weaker bonds Signup and view all the answers

Which event occurs during transcription in protein synthesis?

mRNA copies the code of a gene Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of a slippage error during DNA replication?

An additional gene is created Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is responsible for cutting out RNA primers during DNA replication?

DNA Polymerase I Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the process of transcription from translation?

Transcription produces mRNA from DNA. Signup and view all the answers

In the central dogma of molecular biology, what is the correct order of information flow?

DNA → mRNA → Protein Signup and view all the answers