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Molecular Biology Processes Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

DNA polymerase

Helicase (correct)

Ligase

Topoisomerase

What is the primary role of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?

To separate the DNA strands

To ligate the Okazaki fragments together

To add complementary nucleotides to the new DNA strands (correct)

To unwind the DNA double helix

What is the key difference between DNA and RNA?

DNA contains the sugar ribose, while RNA contains the sugar deoxyribose

DNA contains the base thymine, while RNA contains the base uracil

DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded

All of the above (correct)

Which cellular process converts the genetic information in DNA into functional proteins?

Both transcription and translation Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for the duplication of the cell's genetic material?

S phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calculating the mitotic index in relation to cancer detection?

To determine the rate of cell division Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

DNA is double-stranded with deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded with ribose sugar. Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the conversion of DNA into mRNA?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component involved in the process of translation?

rRNA Signup and view all the answers

What defines the Mitosis Index in cancer detection?

Ratio of dividing cells to total cells Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of tumor development involves the initial genetic changes in a cell?

Initiation Signup and view all the answers

What function does the cell membrane play in cellular activities?

Cell signaling Signup and view all the answers