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Molecular Biology: Gene Expression and Mutations

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Molecular Biology: Gene Expression and Mutations

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Questions and Answers

What is the direction in which the RNA chain grows during transcription?

3' to 5' direction

the direction of the template strand

the direction of the coding strand

5' to 3' direction (correct)

Which of the following modifications occurs to all eukaryotic mRNA?

addition of a poly(G) tail to the 5' end of the molecule

addition of a poly(A) tail to the 3' end of the molecule (correct)

methylation of the 2' hydroxyl on the last nucleotide of the molecule

hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate from the 5' triphosphate end of the molecule

Can transcription and translation occur together in eukaryotic cells?

Depends on the type of cell

True

Sometimes

False (correct)

What is the direction in which RNA polymerase travels along the template strand during transcription?

3' to 5' direction Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in gene transcription?

RNA polymerase is recruited to the promoter by general transcription factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the component labeled as A in the RNA molecule?

Phosphate group Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of adenine in the DNA of a particular animal species if it is 15% thymine?

35% Signup and view all the answers

During eukaryotic translation, how is the initiation codon found?

The first AUG codon is found when the 40S subunit scans the mRNA from the 5´ end Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor in determining how quickly an mRNA is degraded?

Length of poly(A) tail Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of alternative splicing?

Production of more than one viable protein product Signup and view all the answers

What is a prerequisite for reading the genetic code?

DNA strands are degraded Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of the template DNA strand if the RNA strand has the sequence GAGC?

CTCG Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a mutation in the coding region of a gene?

An impact on the resulting polypeptide product Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the coding sequences of most eukaryotic genes?

They are interspersed with regions that are not expressed Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the poly(A) tail on eukaryotic mRNA?

Binds to the poly(A) binding protein to prevent exonuclease activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between transcription and translation?

Transcription and translation are connected processes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the association between amino acids and codons?

One amino acid is associated with multiple codons Signup and view all the answers