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Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Composition

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Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Composition

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Questions and Answers

What is the typical unit of measurement for the length of DNA?

Number of nucleotides (correct)

Number of amino acids

Number of nitrogenous bases

Number of phosphate groups

How do you form a nucleoside?

By linking a nitrogenous base to the 5' carbon of the pentose sugar

By linking a phosphate group to a nitrogenous base

By linking a nitrogenous base to the 1' carbon of the pentose sugar (correct)

By linking a phosphate group to the 3' carbon of the pentose sugar

What is the common name of the sugar found in DNA?

Fructose

Glucose

Deoxyribose (correct)

Ribose

What is the result of attaching a phosphate group to a nucleoside?

A nucleotide is formed Signup and view all the answers

What type of linkage connects two nucleotides in a dinucleotide?

3'-5' phosphodiester linkage Signup and view all the answers

What are the two categories of nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Purines and Pyrimidines Signup and view all the answers

What is the base found in RNA but not in DNA?

Uracil Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the complementary nature of polynucleotide chains in DNA?

The sequence of bases in one strand determines the sequence in the other strand. Signup and view all the answers

What is the polarities of the two polynucleotide chains in DNA?

One chain has 5'à3' polarity and the other has 3'à5' polarity. Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between Guanine and Cytosine?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate distance between two base pairs in the DNA helix?

0.34 nm Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the plane of one base pair stacking over the other in the double helix?

Stability of the helical structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends in a polynucleotide chain?

They are the ends of the sugar-phosphate backbone. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the sugar molecule in RNA and DNA?

RNA has a hydroxyl group at the 2' position. Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of DNA as an acidic substance?

Friedrich Meischer Signup and view all the answers

What was the key observation that led to the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA?

The observation of base pairing between the two strands. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the base pairing rules in DNA?

They stabilize the double helix structure of DNA. Signup and view all the answers