Molecular Biology: DNA Structure and Composition

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Questions and Answers

What is the typical unit of measurement for the length of DNA?

  • Number of nucleotides (correct)
  • Number of amino acids
  • Number of nitrogenous bases
  • Number of phosphate groups

How do you form a nucleoside?

  • By linking a nitrogenous base to the 5' carbon of the pentose sugar
  • By linking a phosphate group to a nitrogenous base
  • By linking a nitrogenous base to the 1' carbon of the pentose sugar (correct)
  • By linking a phosphate group to the 3' carbon of the pentose sugar

What is the common name of the sugar found in DNA?

  • Fructose
  • Glucose
  • Deoxyribose (correct)
  • Ribose

What is the result of attaching a phosphate group to a nucleoside?

<p>A nucleotide is formed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of linkage connects two nucleotides in a dinucleotide?

<p>3'-5' phosphodiester linkage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two categories of nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

<p>Purines and Pyrimidines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the base found in RNA but not in DNA?

<p>Uracil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the complementary nature of polynucleotide chains in DNA?

<p>The sequence of bases in one strand determines the sequence in the other strand. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the polarities of the two polynucleotide chains in DNA?

<p>One chain has 5'à3' polarity and the other has 3'à5' polarity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between Guanine and Cytosine?

<p>Three (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate distance between two base pairs in the DNA helix?

<p>0.34 nm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the plane of one base pair stacking over the other in the double helix?

<p>Stability of the helical structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends in a polynucleotide chain?

<p>They are the ends of the sugar-phosphate backbone. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the sugar molecule in RNA and DNA?

<p>RNA has a hydroxyl group at the 2' position. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of DNA as an acidic substance?

<p>Friedrich Meischer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the key observation that led to the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA?

<p>The observation of base pairing between the two strands. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the base pairing rules in DNA?

<p>They stabilize the double helix structure of DNA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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