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Questions and Answers
Which term is used to describe the amount of a substance dissolved in a solution?
Which term is used to describe the amount of a substance dissolved in a solution?
- Solute
- Solvent
- Molarity
- Concentration (correct)
What is the solute in seawater?
What is the solute in seawater?
- Molarity
- Sodium chloride (correct)
- Water
- Potassium chloride
What is the molar unit used by chemists to quantify concentration?
What is the molar unit used by chemists to quantify concentration?
- Molarity (correct)
- Avogadro's number
- Solute concentration
- Concentration
Which reactant species determines the amount of excess reactant that will be consumed and the amount of product that will be generated when the reaction comes to a halt?
Which reactant species determines the amount of excess reactant that will be consumed and the amount of product that will be generated when the reaction comes to a halt?
How can one determine which reactant is limiting and which is excess?
How can one determine which reactant is limiting and which is excess?
Which of the following statements is true about electrolytes and nonelectrolytes?
Which of the following statements is true about electrolytes and nonelectrolytes?
Which of the following is NOT a role that electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions play?
Which of the following is NOT a role that electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions play?
Why is understanding the chemistry of electrolytes and nonelectrolytes important?
Why is understanding the chemistry of electrolytes and nonelectrolytes important?
Which of the following is true about a solubility curve?
Which of the following is true about a solubility curve?
What state of solution is considered when the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved at a given temperature?
What state of solution is considered when the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved at a given temperature?
Which factors can influence the ease of dissolution of a solute into a solvent?
Which factors can influence the ease of dissolution of a solute into a solvent?
Which of the following best describes salts?
Which of the following best describes salts?
What happens when salts are mixed into water?
What happens when salts are mixed into water?
What is a precipitate?
What is a precipitate?
Which formula is used to express the solute concentration in a solution using the units of mol/L?
Which formula is used to express the solute concentration in a solution using the units of mol/L?
Which expression is used to calculate molality, which relates moles of solute to the kilogram weight of the solvent using the units of mol/kg?
Which expression is used to calculate molality, which relates moles of solute to the kilogram weight of the solvent using the units of mol/kg?
Which technique often uses molality to express solute concentration and involves the unknown variable in formulas used to identify a previously unknown substance?
Which technique often uses molality to express solute concentration and involves the unknown variable in formulas used to identify a previously unknown substance?
Which colligative property describes the tendency of solvent molecules in a solution to escape into the gas phase?
Which colligative property describes the tendency of solvent molecules in a solution to escape into the gas phase?
Which colligative property is calculated via the products of the van't Hoff factor, the molarity of the solution, the ideal gas constant, and the temperature of the system?
Which colligative property is calculated via the products of the van't Hoff factor, the molarity of the solution, the ideal gas constant, and the temperature of the system?
Which colligative property is determined by the van't Hoff factor, the molality of the solution, and a solvent-dependent constant?
Which colligative property is determined by the van't Hoff factor, the molality of the solution, and a solvent-dependent constant?
Which of the following is true about a saturated solution?
Which of the following is true about a saturated solution?
What is the factor that influences the rate of solution (dissolution rate) the most?
What is the factor that influences the rate of solution (dissolution rate) the most?
Which substance is generally thought of as the universal solvent?
Which substance is generally thought of as the universal solvent?
Which type of reaction occurs when a compound separates into its elements or compounds?
Which type of reaction occurs when a compound separates into its elements or compounds?
What is the product of a synthesis reaction between two compounds?
What is the product of a synthesis reaction between two compounds?
What is the product of a decomposition reaction involving a binary compound?
What is the product of a decomposition reaction involving a binary compound?
Which of the following is a property of Arrhenius acids?
Which of the following is a property of Arrhenius acids?
Which of the following is a property of Arrhenius bases?
Which of the following is a property of Arrhenius bases?
Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius acid?
Which of the following is an example of an Arrhenius acid?
Which scientist defined an acid as a substance that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond?
Which scientist defined an acid as a substance that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond?
Which definition of acids and bases accounts for substances that do not contain hydrogen?
Which definition of acids and bases accounts for substances that do not contain hydrogen?
Which scientist defined an acid as a substance that can donate a proton?
Which scientist defined an acid as a substance that can donate a proton?
Which of the following is the definition of an amphoteric substance?
Which of the following is the definition of an amphoteric substance?
What is the product of an acid-base neutralization reaction?
What is the product of an acid-base neutralization reaction?
Which of the following is true about a weak acid, strong base reaction?
Which of the following is true about a weak acid, strong base reaction?
Which scientist developed a new way to measure pH in the early 1900's?
Which scientist developed a new way to measure pH in the early 1900's?
What is the pH range of a base on the pH scale?
What is the pH range of a base on the pH scale?
How is the acidity or basicity of a solution determined on the pH scale?
How is the acidity or basicity of a solution determined on the pH scale?
Which of the following equations represents the calculation of pKa?
Which of the following equations represents the calculation of pKa?
What does a conjugate acid-base pair mean?
What does a conjugate acid-base pair mean?
Which of the following is true about the pH scale?
Which of the following is true about the pH scale?
Which term refers to the number of atoms most stably bound to a metal ion in a coordination compound?
Which term refers to the number of atoms most stably bound to a metal ion in a coordination compound?
What does the oxidation number of a metal ion in a coordination compound refer to?
What does the oxidation number of a metal ion in a coordination compound refer to?
What does a coordination number of 6 indicate in a coordination compound?
What does a coordination number of 6 indicate in a coordination compound?
Which of the following best describes a precipitation reaction?
Which of the following best describes a precipitation reaction?
What determines if a substance will precipitate in a solution?
What determines if a substance will precipitate in a solution?
What is a net ionic equation used to represent in a precipitation reaction?
What is a net ionic equation used to represent in a precipitation reaction?
Which of the following statements is true about oxidation numbers?
Which of the following statements is true about oxidation numbers?
What is the usual oxidation number of hydrogen in a compound?
What is the usual oxidation number of hydrogen in a compound?
Which of the following is true about the oxidation state of oxygen?
Which of the following is true about the oxidation state of oxygen?
Study Notes
Concentration of Solutions
- Concentration of a substance dissolved in a solution is described by the term concentration.
- Molarity (M) is the unit used by chemists to quantify concentration, expressed in mol/L.
Reactants and Limiting Reagents
- The reactant that determines the amount of excess reactant consumed and product generated when the reaction reaches equilibrium is the limiting reagent.
Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
- Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions in solution, whereas nonelectrolytes do not.
- Electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions play a crucial role in many biological and chemical processes.
Solubility
- A solubility curve represents the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature.
- Factors influencing the ease of dissolution include temperature, stirred or shaken, surface area, and agitation.
Solutions and Colligative Properties
- Molarity (M) and molality (m) are units used to express solute concentration.
- Molality is used in techniques such as fractional crystallization to identify unknown substances.
- Boiling-point elevation and freezing-point depression are examples of colligative properties.
Chemical Reactions
- A precipitate is an insoluble solid formed by a reaction between two solutions.
- Salts are ionic compounds composed of a cation and an anion.
- Synthesis reactions involve the combination of two compounds, and decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of a compound.
Acid-Base Chemistry
- Arrhenius acids are substances that donate H+ ions, while Arrhenius bases are substances that accept H+ ions.
- Arrhenius acid example: HCl (hydrochloric acid).
- Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory accounts for substances that do not contain hydrogen.
- pH is a measure of acidity or basicity, with a pH range of 0-14.
Coordination Compounds
- The coordination number of a metal ion in a coordination compound refers to the number of atoms stably bound to the metal ion.
- Oxidation number of a metal ion in a coordination compound refers to the charge on the metal ion.
Precipitation Reactions
- Precipitation reactions involve the formation of an insoluble solid from a solution.
- The solubility product constant (Ksp) determines if a substance will precipitate in a solution.
- Net ionic equations represent the reaction between dissolved ions.
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Description
Test your knowledge of molarity and solution chemistry with this quiz! Learn about the international standard unit of measure for quantifying dissolved substances and the components of a solution.
