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Questions and Answers
What is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion?
What event led to the Kingdom of Israelites splitting into two parts?
Who was the sister of Moses and served as a spiritual leader of the Israelites?
What special dietary law prohibits the eating of certain foods in Judaism?
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What is Mosaic Law?
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How did King Solomon’s leadership contribute to Israel's wealth?
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The Jewish Diaspora refers to the period following their captivity in which region?
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Which of the following is considered the most sacred text in Judaism?
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What is the primary religious text referred to in the context of the Dead Sea Scrolls?
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Which religion, influenced by Jewish beliefs, has the most followers today?
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Which group did the Zealots oppose and aim to expel from their homeland?
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What language combines elements of German and Hebrew, developed by Ashkenazi Jews?
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Who rededicated the Second Temple in Jerusalem, an event commemorated by Hanukkah?
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Why did rabbis gain increased importance in Jewish society after AD 70?
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What do Jews eat during Passover to symbolize suffering and haste?
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According to the Hebrew Bible, what did God do as a consequence to ancient Egypt?
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Which event occurred first in the history of the Israelites?
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What is the holiest Jewish holiday?
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Which language did Sephardic Jews borrow from to form Ladino?
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What was the name of Solomon’s kingdom after it split?
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Who led a successful revolt against foreign rulers?
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Which event in Jewish history marks the destruction of Jerusalem and the Second Temple?
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How many tribes formed the society based on Judaism?
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Which of the following statements regarding Abraham is accurate?
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Study Notes
Overview of Hebrews and Judaism
- The world's oldest monotheistic religion is Judaism.
- Abraham is recognized as the father of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
- Key texts include the Hebrew Bible, which contains moral laws and early Israelite history.
Leadership and Governance
- David became king of the Israelites by defeating Goliath and uniting the tribes.
- The Kingdom of Israel split into Israel and Judah after Solomon's death due to disagreement over governance.
- The Ten Commandments established moral laws, contributing to a theocratic government structure.
Key Historical Events
- The Jewish Diaspora occurred after captivity in Babylon; many Jews chose not to return to their homeland.
- The Dead Sea Scrolls, written between 100 BC and AD 50, contain letters, prayers, and portions of biblical texts.
- The destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem marked a significant event in Judaism, leading to a shift in religious practices.
Cultural Practices and Texts
- Mosaic Law refers to the laws given to the Israelites, shaping their society and religious practices.
- Many Jews adhere to Kashrut dietary laws, avoiding pork and shellfish, and ensuring food is prepared as kosher.
- The Talmud is considered valuable for interpretations of the Torah, providing guidance on Jewish law and ethics.
Jewish Festivals and Relics
- Hanukkah commemorates the rededication of the Second Temple and the miracle of the oil lamp burning for eight days.
- Passover involves eating bitter herbs and unleavened bread, symbolizing the suffering and hasty exit from Egypt.
Language and Communication
- Ashkenazim developed Yiddish, blending German with Hebrew, while Sephardic Jews formed Ladino from Spanish, Hebrew, and Arabic influences.
Important Women in Judaism
- Queen Esther exemplifies bravery, while Deborah is noted for her leadership. Miriam served as a spiritual leader, and Ruth is celebrated for loyalty.
Key Concepts and Beliefs
- Followers of Islam believe they are descendants of Abraham, like the Jewish people.
- The Jewish Sabbath begins at sunset on Friday, promoting rest and reflection.
Chronological Events
- Important events include Saul becoming king, David's victory over Goliath, Solomon's construction of the temple, and the subsequent splits and conflicts within Israel.
Important Questions to Consider
- Reflect on how the laws of Moses influenced Jewish identity and behavior.
- Consider the role of rabbis and the significance of religious leadership after AD 70.
Summary
- Judaism forms the foundation of a rich cultural, religious, and historical tapestry that influences billions globally. Understanding its core beliefs, practices, and history is key to grasping its impact on world civilizations.
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Description
Prepare for your upcoming test on Module 7 covering the Hebrews and Judaism. This study guide includes essential questions related to significant figures, events, and concepts in Jewish history. Review key themes to ensure a strong understanding of this ancient monotheistic religion.
