Module 6: U.S. Imperialism Bank

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Questions and Answers

What was a significant consequence of the construction of the Panama Canal?

  • Expansion of European colonial efforts in the Pacific
  • Improved relations with South American countries
  • Reduced need for maritime trade routes
  • Increased naval presence in the Caribbean (correct)

How did U.S. foreign policy between 1890 and 1920 reflect American expansionism?

  • By negotiating treaties to limit territorial gains
  • By advocating for isolationism in foreign conflicts
  • Through investments in foreign agriculture and infrastructure
  • By actively acquiring territories and establishing military bases (correct)

What were underlying causes of the Boxer Rebellion in China?

  • Support for European colonial powers
  • Impact of rapid industrialization in China
  • Desire for greater foreign control of Chinese government
  • Opposition to foreign influence and missionary activity (correct)

Which event significantly illustrated the consequences of Yellow Journalism in the U.S. foreign policy?

<p>The outbreak of the Spanish-American War (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant effect of U.S. expansionism during the early 20th century?

<p>Increased military conflicts overseas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major underlying reason for U.S. interest in Hawaii during the late 19th century?

<p>The strategic value of its naval base at Pearl Harbor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common goal of America's empire builders in the late 19th century?

<p>To annex foreign territories like Hawaii (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects Queen Liliuokalani's response to her deposition?

<p>She pledged to resist until her government was restored. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did John L. Stevens play in the annexation of Hawaii?

<p>He was the U.S. ambassador who supported annexation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What underlying attitude did American expansionism reflect in the 19th century?

<p>An eagerness to spread U.S. influence globally (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor significantly contributed to the U.S. seeking territories in the Pacific?

<p>Expansion of trade and strategic military interests (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event is closely related to American expansionism during this period?

<p>The establishment of the Panama Canal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key effects of American foreign policy between 1890 and 1920?

<p>Increased colonization of territories abroad. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a notable consequence of the Boxer Rebellion?

<p>Increased foreign influence and military presence in China. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the Treaty of Paris in 1899 for the United States?

<p>The annexation of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the impact of yellow journalism on the American public's perception of foreign affairs?

<p>Yellow journalism exaggerated events to stir public emotions and support for war. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary factor influencing U.S. foreign policy between 1890-1920?

<p>Expansion of U.S. territories and influence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a reason for American expansionism at the time?

<p>The belief in the inherent superiority of American culture. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a contributing factor to the Boxer Rebellion's outbreak in China?

<p>Increased foreign presence and control in China. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Theodore Roosevelt's actions as assistant secretary of the navy affect his political career?

<p>His leadership of the Rough Riders gained him national fame. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concern did anti-imperialists express regarding American expansionism?

<p>That it might undermine the principles of democracy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one effect of yellow journalism on the U.S. involvement in the Spanish-American War?

<p>It stirred public outrage and calls for military action. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Moorfield Storey argue regarding the justification for U.S. intervention in Cuba?

<p>It was wrong to intervene without the consent of the governed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory contrasts with the ideals expressed by anti-imperialists like Moorfield Storey?

<p>White Man's Burden (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of Theodore Roosevelt's Big Stick Policy?

<p>Using military force when necessary. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the U.S. foreign policy approach differ regarding Hawaii compared to other territories?

<p>Hawaii was annexed due to strategic military interests. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary motive for U.S. involvement in the Mexican Revolution?

<p>To secure American investments and protect citizens. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of Big Stick Diplomacy as employed by Roosevelt?

<p>To threaten military intervention to achieve foreign policy goals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Roosevelt Corollary modify the Monroe Doctrine?

<p>It justified American intervention in Latin American affairs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the annexation of Hawaii?

<p>Strengthened U.S. military presence in the Pacific (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the strategy behind the Big Stick Policy?

<p>Using diplomacy backed by military force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the United States play in the Mexican Revolution?

<p>Directly supporting the revolutionary leaders with troops (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the implications of the Roosevelt Corollary for U.S.-Latin American relations?

<p>It led to increased hostility and resistance among Latin Americans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key criticism of the Big Stick Diplomacy approach?

<p>It was seen as aggressive and imperialistic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the annexation of Hawaii have on U.S. strategic interests?

<p>It established a crucial military base for U.S. operations in the Pacific (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event directly triggered the annexation of Hawaii by the United States?

<p>The overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary purpose of Theodore Roosevelt's Big Stick Policy?

<p>To expand military presence in Latin America (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Roosevelt Corollary modify the Monroe Doctrine?

<p>It stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin American nations to prevent European colonization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements describes a consequence of the Mexican Revolution?

<p>It resulted in increased U.S. military presence in Mexico (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed to the U.S. interest in expanding its territories during the late 19th century?

<p>Competition with European imperial powers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one outcome of the Spanish-American War related to U.S. expansionism?

<p>The establishment of a colony in Puerto Rico (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which development in 1898 marked a significant moment for U.S. imperialism?

<p>Explosion of the USS Maine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the international view of American actions in Hawaii during the late 19th century?

<p>They were seen as an unjustified overthrow of a sovereign government (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main outcomes of the Treaty of Paris in 1898?

<p>Acquisition of Guam and Puerto Rico (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Theodore Roosevelt's approach to foreign policy during this period reflect his beliefs?

<p>He supported using military intervention to protect U.S. interests. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the Monroe Doctrine?

<p>It demanded the removal of all European powers from the Americas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What justification did supporters of annexing Hawaii provide?

<p>Hawaii was strategically located for military purposes. (C), Hawaii's sugar economy would boost American trade. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?

<p>It allowed the U.S. to intervene in Latin American countries. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key motivation behind U.S. involvement in the Mexican Revolution?

<p>Protection of American business interests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a central argument against the annexation of the Philippines?

<p>It contradicted American principles of self-determination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects Queen Liliuokalani's position regarding her deposition?

<p>She announced plans for violent retaliation against the conspirators. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did American expansionism in the 19th century primarily influence foreign policy?

<p>By advocating for aggressive territorial acquisitions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common justification for America's interest in annexing territories like Hawaii?

<p>To gain strategic military and economic advantages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Pearl Harbor for American expansionism?

<p>It provided a crucial naval base for the U.S. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attitude did the Monroe Doctrine convey regarding American foreign policy?

<p>Opposition to European intervention in the Western Hemisphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary criticism of America’s expansionist policies during the late 19th century?

<p>It ignored the sovereignty of other nations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the phrase 'Big Stick Policy' imply about Roosevelt’s approach to foreign affairs?

<p>It involved using military force as a last resort. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events or policies with their descriptions related to American Imperialism:

<p>Spanish-American War = Conflict that resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories like Puerto Rico and the Philippines Open Door Policy = U.S. policy aimed at ensuring equal trading rights in China Monroe Doctrine = Principle that warned European powers against further colonization in the Americas annexation of Hawaii = Incorporation of the Hawaiian Islands into the U.S. as a territory</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Big Stick Diplomacy

A foreign policy approach used by the US, characterized by the threat or use of military force to achieve diplomatic objectives, often in the form of showing overwhelming military strength.

US Naval Base in Pearl Harbor

The creation of a US naval base in Hawaii's Pearl Harbor during the late 19th century, granting the US exclusive rights for this purpose.

US Acquisition of Pacific Islands

The US acquired various Pacific islands (such as Hawaii, Guam, Philippines, Puerto Rico) during the late 19th and early 20th century.

Panama Canal Zone

A strip of land controlled by the US to build and maintain a canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

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Congo Conference

A 1885 meeting of European powers to divide the African continent among themselves.

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US involvement in Samoa

Dispute between US and others regarding control over the island of Samoa.

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Acquisition of Wake Island

The US obtained the island of Wake located in the Pacific Ocean.

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Queen Liliuokalani's Protest

Queen Liliuokalani's formal objection to the U.S. annexation of Hawaii, maintaining the sovereignty of the Hawaiian Kingdom.

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Imperialism

Policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

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Annexation of Hawaii

The act of incorporating Hawaii into the United States.

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Hawaiian Kingdom

Independent nation that existed before annexation by the U.S.

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American Expansionism

The 19th-century US policy of increasing its territory and influence globally.

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Alfred T. Mahan

U.S. naval officer who advocated for a powerful navy to support U.S. expansion.

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Treaty of Paris (1899)

Agreement that officially ended the Spanish-American War, giving the US control of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

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Pearl Harbor

Important location in Hawaii, and location for a significant U.S. naval base.

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Annexation debate (Philippines)

Public discussion in the US about whether to incorporate the Philippines into the US.

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Yellow Journalism

Type of journalism that emphasizes sensationalism, often exaggerating facts and events to attract readers.

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Monroe Doctrine debate

A debate regarding the US's role in international relations.

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Spanish atrocities (Cuba)

Reports from Creelman about cruel acts committed by Spain towards Cuban people.

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Roosevelt's resignation (assistant secretary of the navy)

Theodore Roosevelt resigning his post to organize the Rough Riders, a military unit.

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Imperialism's threat to democracy

Concerns that taking over other territories could jeopardize US democratic principles.

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US Naval Bases

The US established naval bases in strategically important locations, showing its growing naval power.

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1898 Acquisition

The US acquired territories including Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines in 1898.

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Big Stick Diplomacy

US policy of using military strength to achieve its goals through the threat of force. Showcasing power.

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Panama Canal

A canal connecting Atlantic and Pacific oceans; the US played a significant role in its construction.

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Congressional involvement in Global Expansion

The US Congress was involved in decisions regarding imperialistic endeavours and expansion.

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Treaty of Paris (1899)

Agreement ending the Spanish-American War, granting the US control of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

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Annexation Debate (Philippines)

Public argument about bringing the Philippines under U.S. control.

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Yellow Journalism

Sensational journalism that exaggerates facts to attract readers.

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Spanish Atrocities (Cuba)

Reports of cruelty by Spain against Cuban people.

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Roosevelt's Resignation

Theodore Roosevelt leaving his post to lead the Rough Riders.

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Imperialism's Threat to Democracy

Concerns that gaining territories might harm American democratic principles.

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Queen Liliuokalani's Protest

Queen Liliuokalani's formal opposition to the U.S. annexation of Hawaii, asserting the sovereignty of the Hawaiian Kingdom.

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Imperialism

Policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

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Annexation of Hawaii

Incorporating Hawaii into the United States.

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Hawaiian Kingdom

Independent nation that existed before U.S. annexation.

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American Expansionism

19th-century U.S. policy of increasing territory and influence globally.

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Alfred T. Mahan

U.S. naval officer advocating for a powerful navy to support U.S. expansion.

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Pearl Harbor

Important location in Hawaii, site of a significant U.S. naval base.

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Queen Liliuokalani

Monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom who resisted American annexation.

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Key Terms and People

Important ideas and individuals associated with US expansionist policies.

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1898 Spanish-American War

War fought between the United States and Spain, resulting in U.S. acquisition of territories like Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

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US Imperialism

Policy of extending U.S. power and influence, often through military force or diplomacy.

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Queen Liliuokalani

Last monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom, who resisted U.S. annexation.

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Annexation of Hawaii

Incorporation of Hawaii into the United States.

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1914 World War I

Major global conflict involving many countries.

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Theodore Roosevelt

U.S. president who played a major role in global affairs at the start of the 20th century.

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Panama Canal

Canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, significantly impacting world trade.

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1917 US Enters WWI

The United States joined the global conflict in Europe.

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1917 Mexican Constitution

Mexico's nation's constitution revision.

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1917 Puerto Ricans become US citizens

Puerto Ricans receive US citizenship.

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Anti-Imperialist Arguments

Arguments against the US acquiring and controlling other countries, emphasizing the violation of self-determination and the threat to core American values.

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Imperialism's Potential for War

The idea that expanding American influence through military or diplomatic means could lead to international conflicts with other European powers.

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Moorfield Storey's View

Moorfield Storey, a leader of the Anti-Imperialist League, believed that the US should not control other people without their agreement, and that the war effort should not turn into a grab for colonies.

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U.S. Policy Toward China

The US approach concerning China during the turn of the 20th century. This policy focused on trading advantages and access to China's markets rather than control or ownership.

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U.S. Policy Toward Cuba

The US policies toward Cuba, aiming to liberate Cuba and support its independence from Spain, ultimately leading to Cuba gaining independence.

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U.S. Policy Toward Philippines

US policies regarding the Philippines, influenced by the ongoing conflict with Spain and the ultimately successful attempt to annex the Philippines into the US after the war.

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U.S. Policy Toward Puerto Rico

US policies towards Puerto Rico after the Spanish-American war; influenced by a complicated process of negotiating its status as a U.S. territory.

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Study Notes

Module 6: U.S. Imperialism

  • Essential Question: Did American imperialism have a positive or negative impact on the world and the United States?
  • About the Painting: Depicts Theodore Roosevelt leading the Rough Riders in the fight for Cuba's freedom on San Juan Hill. The painting depicts the troops on horseback, but the troops actually fought on foot.
  • What You Will Learn: This module explores the factors influencing U.S. imperialism and the transformation of the U.S. into a world power.
  • Lesson 1: Imperialism and America (p. 280): Global competition led to U.S. expansion from 1867 onward.
  • Lesson 2: The Spanish-American War (p. 286): The U.S. entered the war in 1898 to help Cuba gain independence from Spain.
  • Lesson 3: Acquiring New Lands (p. 293): U.S. conflicts in the early 1900s involved Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Philippines.
  • Lesson 4: America as a World Power (p. 301): The Russo-Japanese War, Panama Canal, and the Mexican Revolution strengthened U.S. military and economic power in the early 1900s.

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