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Questions and Answers
The term that most accurately describes Parmigianino's Madonna of the Long Neck is:
The term that most accurately describes Parmigianino's Madonna of the Long Neck is:
Who was the founding figure of the Society of Jesus?
Who was the founding figure of the Society of Jesus?
St Ignatius of Loyola
One of the most influential Baroque artists was ________, the designer of the piazza in front of St.Peter's Basilica.
One of the most influential Baroque artists was ________, the designer of the piazza in front of St.Peter's Basilica.
Bernini
Italian baroque churches are characterized by minimal ornamentation.
Italian baroque churches are characterized by minimal ornamentation.
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Which influential handbook reflected the mysticism and militancy of the Jesuit order?
Which influential handbook reflected the mysticism and militancy of the Jesuit order?
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Of Bernini's Ecstasy of Saint Teresa, it is correct to say that:
Of Bernini's Ecstasy of Saint Teresa, it is correct to say that:
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Whose 'music of mystic serenity' captured the conservative quality of the Catholic Reformation?
Whose 'music of mystic serenity' captured the conservative quality of the Catholic Reformation?
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The term 'baroque' in painting comprises strict compositional symmetry.
The term 'baroque' in painting comprises strict compositional symmetry.
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Which of the genres in which Rembrandt worked was the most lucrative for the Dutch painter?
Which of the genres in which Rembrandt worked was the most lucrative for the Dutch painter?
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Both Donne and Wren were associated with the:
Both Donne and Wren were associated with the:
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In seventeenth-century England, the influential Calvinists who called for church reform were known as:
In seventeenth-century England, the influential Calvinists who called for church reform were known as:
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Academic art, as envisioned by Louis XIV and his followers, depended primarily on:
Academic art, as envisioned by Louis XIV and his followers, depended primarily on:
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A leading figure in the evolution of academic art was:
A leading figure in the evolution of academic art was:
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The Dutch painter Maria van Oosterwyck and other female artists excelled in which genre?
The Dutch painter Maria van Oosterwyck and other female artists excelled in which genre?
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Milton's Paradise Lost is a landmark epic that:
Milton's Paradise Lost is a landmark epic that:
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The plays of Molière:
The plays of Molière:
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The first permanent orchestra in Europe was established by:
The first permanent orchestra in Europe was established by:
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The text of an opera is found in its:
The text of an opera is found in its:
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Both El Greco and Velázquez served in the courts of:
Both El Greco and Velázquez served in the courts of:
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Bach's cantatas were largely based on:
Bach's cantatas were largely based on:
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In the seventeenth-century, Cremona, Italy, was the world center for the manufacture of:
In the seventeenth-century, Cremona, Italy, was the world center for the manufacture of:
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Giovanni Gabrieli came to be celebrated for his:
Giovanni Gabrieli came to be celebrated for his:
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The Baroque era represents a turning point in music because it witnessed the:
The Baroque era represents a turning point in music because it witnessed the:
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The composer associated with the birth of the English oratorio is:
The composer associated with the birth of the English oratorio is:
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The belief in a mechanistic universe fashioned by a Creator God who does not directly intervene in its affairs is called:
The belief in a mechanistic universe fashioned by a Creator God who does not directly intervene in its affairs is called:
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The title of Francis Bacon's landmark work, Novum Organum, means:
The title of Francis Bacon's landmark work, Novum Organum, means:
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Francis Bacon called the false dogmas or teachings that hindered clear thinking:
Francis Bacon called the false dogmas or teachings that hindered clear thinking:
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In his Novum Organum, Bacon objected to:
In his Novum Organum, Bacon objected to:
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Which figure famously recanted his scientific theories in 1633 after having been put on trial for heresy?
Which figure famously recanted his scientific theories in 1633 after having been put on trial for heresy?
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One reason that both Protestants and Catholics opposed the heliocentric theory was that it:
One reason that both Protestants and Catholics opposed the heliocentric theory was that it:
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Diderot's Encyclopedia was:
Diderot's Encyclopedia was:
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Which of the following men was NOT a significant figure in the movement known as the Scientific Revolution?
Which of the following men was NOT a significant figure in the movement known as the Scientific Revolution?
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Descartes' proposition, 'I think, therefore I am,' demonstrated:
Descartes' proposition, 'I think, therefore I am,' demonstrated:
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The French salon, center of intellectual debate, was often organized by:
The French salon, center of intellectual debate, was often organized by:
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'Whatever is, is right' reflects the philosophic optimism of:
'Whatever is, is right' reflects the philosophic optimism of:
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The philosophic optimism of Enlightenment figures was satirized in Candide and other writings by:
The philosophic optimism of Enlightenment figures was satirized in Candide and other writings by:
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Which of the following statements about the French Revolution is FALSE?
Which of the following statements about the French Revolution is FALSE?
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All of the following figures are generally considered painters of the Rococo style EXCEPT:
All of the following figures are generally considered painters of the Rococo style EXCEPT:
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John Locke maintained that:
John Locke maintained that:
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Neoclassical art and classical music share an emphasis on:
Neoclassical art and classical music share an emphasis on:
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Henry Fielding and Samuel Richardson were both noted eighteenth-century writers of which new literary form?
Henry Fielding and Samuel Richardson were both noted eighteenth-century writers of which new literary form?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three parts of the traditional sonata?
Which of the following is NOT one of the three parts of the traditional sonata?
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Mozart drew many of the melodies for his symphonies and compositions from:
Mozart drew many of the melodies for his symphonies and compositions from:
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The predominant theme of Rococo paintings was the:
The predominant theme of Rococo paintings was the:
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Genre painting depicts scenes of:
Genre painting depicts scenes of:
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Ingres' Grande Odalisque deviated from the principles of Classical art by:
Ingres' Grande Odalisque deviated from the principles of Classical art by:
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The fusion of art and politics that exalted the ideal of service and sacrifice to one's country is exemplified by which landmark?
The fusion of art and politics that exalted the ideal of service and sacrifice to one's country is exemplified by which landmark?
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The works of Boucher and Watteau reflect a style:
The works of Boucher and Watteau reflect a style:
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Which nineteenth-century composer, who wrote the piece nicknamed 'The Surprise,' is often called the 'father of the symphony'?
Which nineteenth-century composer, who wrote the piece nicknamed 'The Surprise,' is often called the 'father of the symphony'?
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Romanticism might be said to have rebelled against all of the following EXCEPT:
Romanticism might be said to have rebelled against all of the following EXCEPT:
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The landmark work that marked the birth of the Romantic movement in England was William Wordsworth's:
The landmark work that marked the birth of the Romantic movement in England was William Wordsworth's:
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By 'sublime,' romantics like Wordsworth were referring to:
By 'sublime,' romantics like Wordsworth were referring to:
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Whose 'Ode on a Grecian Urn' concludes that 'Beauty is truth, truth beauty'?
Whose 'Ode on a Grecian Urn' concludes that 'Beauty is truth, truth beauty'?
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Goethe's hero, Faust, is symbolic of the Western:
Goethe's hero, Faust, is symbolic of the Western:
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Darwin contributed to the study of biology chiefly by:
Darwin contributed to the study of biology chiefly by:
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J.M.W. Turner, John Constable, and Thomas Cole were all noted painters of:
J.M.W. Turner, John Constable, and Thomas Cole were all noted painters of:
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The American writer Henry Thoreau:
The American writer Henry Thoreau:
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One of the main characteristics of Whitman's landmark poetry is that it:
One of the main characteristics of Whitman's landmark poetry is that it:
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Which of the following people is considered to be one of the first Realists in the English novel-writing tradition?
Which of the following people is considered to be one of the first Realists in the English novel-writing tradition?
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Which of the following persons was a male counterpart to the abolitionist Sojourner Truth?
Which of the following persons was a male counterpart to the abolitionist Sojourner Truth?
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Which of the following statements about George Catlin is FALSE?
Which of the following statements about George Catlin is FALSE?
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Goya immortalized the history of the French occupation of Spain in a landmark series of etchings and aquatints known as:
Goya immortalized the history of the French occupation of Spain in a landmark series of etchings and aquatints known as:
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Which of the following former slaves learned to write and personally authored a memoir with his or her own hand?
Which of the following former slaves learned to write and personally authored a memoir with his or her own hand?
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A hallmark of Delacroix's style is:
A hallmark of Delacroix's style is:
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In Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People, the artist featured those whom he considered the heroes of revolutionary France, including:
In Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People, the artist featured those whom he considered the heroes of revolutionary France, including:
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London's Houses of Parliament are a landmark example of:
London's Houses of Parliament are a landmark example of:
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In his landmark symphonies, Beethoven made use of:
In his landmark symphonies, Beethoven made use of:
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Of nineteenth-century music, it is correct to say that:
Of nineteenth-century music, it is correct to say that:
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The fact that the nineteenth century was 'the age of the virtuoso' is most evident in the work of:
The fact that the nineteenth century was 'the age of the virtuoso' is most evident in the work of:
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The independent art song originated by Franz Schubert that united music and poetry was called the:
The independent art song originated by Franz Schubert that united music and poetry was called the:
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Romantic ballets such as La sylphide derived their plot lines from:
Romantic ballets such as La sylphide derived their plot lines from:
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The most famous paintings of Géricault and Goya depicted:
The most famous paintings of Géricault and Goya depicted:
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Which of the following best describes the Romantic architecture at the Royal Pavilion in Brighton?
Which of the following best describes the Romantic architecture at the Royal Pavilion in Brighton?
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The nineteenth century was an important time in African history because:
The nineteenth century was an important time in African history because:
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Late nineteenth-century colonialism had as its primary motivating force the need:
Late nineteenth-century colonialism had as its primary motivating force the need:
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Which author offered realistic (and sentimental) depictions of nineteenth-century society in works such as David Copperfield?
Which author offered realistic (and sentimental) depictions of nineteenth-century society in works such as David Copperfield?
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In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels prophesized that a revolution would make the ________ the new ruling class.
In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels prophesized that a revolution would make the ________ the new ruling class.
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The Naturalistic novels of Zola were grounded in his belief that human beings were:
The Naturalistic novels of Zola were grounded in his belief that human beings were:
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Nietzsche called for a new morality that:
Nietzsche called for a new morality that:
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The most important new medium in mid-nineteenth-century architecture was:
The most important new medium in mid-nineteenth-century architecture was:
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The turn from Romanticism to literary Realism is evident in the novels of:
The turn from Romanticism to literary Realism is evident in the novels of:
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Which of the following authors was credited with inventing the modern novel with his Madame Bovary?
Which of the following authors was credited with inventing the modern novel with his Madame Bovary?
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Which of the following items was NOT an innovation of the nineteenth century?
Which of the following items was NOT an innovation of the nineteenth century?
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The artist—whose subject matter was individuals in ordinary settings—who challenged, 'Show me an angel and I'll paint one' was:
The artist—whose subject matter was individuals in ordinary settings—who challenged, 'Show me an angel and I'll paint one' was:
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The Social Realist who is primarily associated with the medium of lithography is:
The Social Realist who is primarily associated with the medium of lithography is:
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The movement known as Impressionism took its title from a painting by:
The movement known as Impressionism took its title from a painting by:
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For their subject matter, the Impressionist painters drew largely on:
For their subject matter, the Impressionist painters drew largely on:
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The artist who became infatuated with unspoiled nature, especially as it existed in Tahiti, was:
The artist who became infatuated with unspoiled nature, especially as it existed in Tahiti, was:
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Japanese prints had the greatest influence on late-nineteenth-century European:
Japanese prints had the greatest influence on late-nineteenth-century European:
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The music of Debussy:
The music of Debussy:
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Characteristic of the music of Debussy is:
Characteristic of the music of Debussy is:
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The names Matthew Brady and Eadweard Muybridge are associated with:
The names Matthew Brady and Eadweard Muybridge are associated with:
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Puccini's verismo operas:
Puccini's verismo operas:
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The artist who wished to 'redo nature after Poussin,' and whose later work anticipated twentieth-century abstract art, was:
The artist who wished to 'redo nature after Poussin,' and whose later work anticipated twentieth-century abstract art, was:
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A major factor in bringing non-Western cultures to the attention of Europeans was:
A major factor in bringing non-Western cultures to the attention of Europeans was:
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In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, ________ emerged as the center of Western artistic productivity.
In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, ________ emerged as the center of Western artistic productivity.
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'Oceania' refers to the:
'Oceania' refers to the:
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Albert Einstein and other twentieth-century physicists argued that:
Albert Einstein and other twentieth-century physicists argued that:
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According to Freud, civilization was the product of the:
According to Freud, civilization was the product of the:
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The most distinctive feature of Imagist poetry was its:
The most distinctive feature of Imagist poetry was its:
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Study Notes
Art and Culture in Historical Context
- Parmigianino's Madonna of the Long Neck is classified as Mannerist art, characterized by elongated forms and unusual compositions.
- The Society of Jesus, founded by St. Ignatius of Loyola, played a significant role in the Catholic Reformation.
- Gian Lorenzo Bernini was a pivotal figure in Baroque art, known for designing the grand piazza at St. Peter's Basilica.
- Italian Baroque churches are typically rich in ornamentation, contrasting with minimalist styles.
- The influential handbook Spiritual Exercises embodied the Jesuit order’s mysticism and commitment to religious discipline.
- Bernini's Ecstasy of Saint Teresa and its multiple interpretations showcase the complexity of his work.
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina's music exemplified the conservative and serene aspects of the Catholic Reformation.
- Baroque painting is noted for its dynamic compositions rather than strict symmetry.
- Rembrandt achieved financial success primarily through group portraiture, highlighting social status in Dutch society.
- John Donne and Christopher Wren are historically linked to the Church of Saint Paul's in London.
- Seventeenth-century England's reformist Calvinists were primarily known as Puritans, though Jesuits were also present.
Evolution and Influence of Artistic Terms
- Neoclassical principles shaped academic art pursued by Louis XIV and his circle.
- Nicolas Poussin is recognized as a key figure in evolving academic art, emphasizing form and clarity.
- Female artists, like Maria van Oosterwyck, gained recognition in still life painting during the Baroque era.
- John Milton’s Paradise Lost is a seminal epic dissecting themes of temptation and human fallibility.
- Molière's plays encapsulated the virtues and follies of his time with rich humor and social critique.
- Louis XIV established Europe’s first permanent orchestra, marking a significant advancement in musical culture.
- An opera’s text is known as its libretto, which outlines the narrative and dialogue.
- Both El Greco and Diego Velázquez served the Spanish crown, showcasing a vibrant cultural exchange.
- Johann Sebastian Bach’s cantatas often adapted Lutheran chorales to suit liturgical contexts.
- Cremona in Italy became the global center for violin manufacturing in the 17th century.
Philosophical and Scientific Progress
- Giovanni Gabrieli was renowned for his clear, sacred music that influenced the Baroque era.
- The Baroque era is noted for significant musical evolution, reflected in diverse styles and compositions.
- Handel is credited with creating the English oratorio, blending sacred themes with dramatic elements.
- Deism describes a belief in a Creator God who established natural laws but does not intervene in worldly affairs.
- Francis Bacon's Novum Organum introduced the concept of "new method," advocating empirical research.
- Bacon critiqued prevailing false teachings, termed "idols," that impeded rational thought and scientific inquiry.
- Galileo famously recanted his heliocentric views after trial for heresy in 1633, highlighting the tension between science and scripture.
- Scientific advances faced resistance due to contradictions with established religious beliefs.
- Denis Diderot's Encyclopedia was a monumental compilation of contemporary knowledge in the West.
- Figures like Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, and Isaac Newton significantly influenced the Scientific Revolution, while William Hogarth is not typically associated with this movement.
Cultural Transformations in Literature and Arts
- Descartes' "I think, therefore I am" exemplifies foundational philosophical skepticism.
- French salons, pivotal for intellectual discussions during the Enlightenment, were often hosted by influential noblewomen.
- Alexander Pope's line "Whatever is, is right" reflects the optimistic sentiments of Enlightenment thinkers.
- Voltaire critiqued Enlightenment idealism through satire in his work Candide.
- Though significant, the French Revolution did not serve as a direct model for the American Revolution.
- Jean-Baptiste Greuze is not considered part of the Rococo movement, which focused on ornate and playful themes.
- John Locke argued for a government based on the consent of the governed, influencing democratic principles.
- Neoclassical art and music emphasized clarity, order, and formal structures, drawing from classical antiquity.
- Henry Fielding and Samuel Richardson are recognized for pioneering the novel as a literary form in the 18th century.
Musical Innovations and the Romantic Movement
- The traditional sonata consists of exposition, development, and recapitulation, excluding sections like composition.
- Mozart often based his compositions on popular dance melodies, integrating relatable elements into classical music.
- Rococo art primarily celebrated themes of pleasure and lightheartedness, contrasting earlier styles.
- Genre painting captures normality and daily life, moving away from historically monumental subjects.
- Ingres’ Grande Odalisque diverged from classical conventions by elongating the female form, emphasizing sensuality.
- Jacques-Louis David’s The Oath of Horatii merges art with nationalistic themes, reflecting political ideals of service.
- François Boucher and Antoine Watteau are noted for their contributions to the Rococo style, epitomizing elegance and charm.
- Franz Joseph Haydn, often dubbed the "father of the symphony," created piece renowned for its charm and structure.
- Romanticism marked a shift against constraints, valuing emotional expression and individual experience.
- William Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads is regarded as a cornerstone of the English Romantic literary movement.
Nature, Society, and the Emergence of Realism
- Romantic poets like Wordsworth viewed nature as awe-inspiring; this concept of the sublime shaped their work.
- John Keats' Ode on a Grecian Urn embodies the Romantic ideal that beauty and truth are entwined.
- Goethe’s character Faust symbolizes humanity’s quest to transcend limitations and strive for greater fulfillment.
- Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection revolutionized biology, shaping the understanding of evolution.
- Landscape painters such as Turner, Constable, and Cole captured nature’s beauty, emphasizing realism and emotion.
- Henry Thoreau celebrated nature as a teacher through his writings, reflecting transcendentalist ideals.
- Walt Whitman's poetry is distinguished by its use of free verse, breaking from traditional styles.
- Jane Austen is recognized as a key Realist author within English literature, portraying societal norms and individual experiences.
- Frederick Douglass authored significant memoirs documenting the realities and struggles of slavery.
- Francisco Goya depicted the horrors of war through his series The Disasters of War, highlighting the human cost of conflict.
Notable Movements and Technological Changes
- The mid-19th century saw a rise in photography, associated with pioneers Matthew Brady and Eadweard Muybridge.
- Giacomo Puccini’s verismo operas introduced a more realistic portrayal of life into musical theatre.
- Paul Cézanne's desire to "redo nature" bridged Impressionism with modern abstract art.
- European expansion during the 19th century increased interest in non-Western cultures, influencing artistic styles.
- Paris emerged as the primary hub of artistic innovation in the late 19th century.
- "Oceania" designates the group of islands within the Central and South Pacific oceans.
- 20th-century physicists like Albert Einstein challenged established Newtonian principles, providing new insights into the universe.
- Sigmund Freud asserted that civilization stemmed from the ego’s repression of primal instincts inherent in the id.
- Imagist poetry is characterized by its minimalist and abstract style, seeking clarity through precision in imagery.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key terms and figures from the Modern World. This quiz focuses on important art movements and religious organizations, including Mannerism, Baroque art, and the Society of Jesus. Challenge yourself with questions about influential artists and their contributions.
