Questions and Answers
What principle of Modern Lexico-Grammar Teaching emphasizes creating language awareness through noticing new grammatical features?
What is the primary goal of Communicative Grammar Teaching?
Which principle of Modern Lexico-Grammar Teaching involves moving from lexis to grammar?
What is the focus of incidental FonF (‘learning-by-opportunity’)?
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What is the aim of combining form-focused with meaning-focused activities in Modern Lexico-Grammar Teaching?
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What is the goal of fostering communicative competences in Communicative Grammar Teaching?
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What is the overall aim of Communicative Grammar Teaching?
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What is the primary focus of the presentation stage in the PPP model?
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In the context of TBLL/TBLT, what is the teacher's role in drawing students' attention to linguistic structures?
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According to the non-interventionist position on grammar teaching, how do learners form hypotheses about grammar rules?
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What is the main purpose of the practice stage in the PPP model?
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What is a characteristic of the proactive approach to teaching grammar?
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What is a key characteristic of the production stage in the PPP model?
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What is the primary focus of TBLL/TBLT?
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What is the main difference between inductive and deductive approaches to teaching grammar?
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Which approach to teaching grammar is often associated with the PPP paradigm?
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What is a key difference between planned FonF and incidental FonF in TBLL/TBLT?
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What is a benefit of using the PPP model in language instruction?
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What is the main focus of the strong version of the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach?
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According to the interventionist position on grammar teaching, what is the role of the teacher?
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What is the main characteristic of the reactive approach to teaching grammar?
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What is the purpose of using gap texts in language assessment?
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What is the focus of Lexico-Grammar teaching?
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Why are games, stories, dialogues, and poems used in language teaching?
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What is the benefit of having students write a free short story with new lexis?
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What is the role of grammar in language teaching?
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What is the goal of teaching vocabulary and grammar together?
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Why are dictionaries used in language teaching?
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What is the purpose of role plays in language teaching?
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What is the focus of Communicative Language Teaching?
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Study Notes
Principles of Modern Lexico-Grammar Teaching
- Teaching grammar and lexis together
- Working from lexis to grammar
- Inductive and explorative approaches to create language awareness through noticing new grammatical features
- Formalising and contextualising new grammatical features: formal and functional focus/form-function relationships
- Examples of authentic language use
- Combining form/accuracy-focused with meaning/fluency-focused activities (no either-or approach)
- Providing in-depth processing of grammatical and lexical features
Principles of Communicative Grammar Teaching
- Fostering communicative competences: command of grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and orthography of a language
- Fostering language awareness: explicit knowledge of the structures and functions of a language
- Pupils must learn grammar rules, but the primary goal is to use grammar for communication
- Communicative grammar teaching aims at both understanding and mastering communication (not understanding and mastering grammar as such)
The PPP Model
- Presentation stage: learners are exposed to a new language item, explained and presented with rules
- Practice stage: learners practice the selected grammatical items in controlled ways
- Production stage: learners use the form more or less freely in communicative activities
Focus on Form in TBLL/TBLT
- Activities and lessons based on meaning and communication (‘real-world tasks’)
- Drawing students’ attention to linguistic structures that arise incidentally or are needed to solve the task
- Teacher helps students notice the grammatical feature(s) and engages them in constructing language with the feature(s)
Teaching and Learning Grammar: Key Terms of Different Kinds of Instruction
- Non-interventionist position on grammar teaching (implicit): comprehensible input, learners form hypotheses
- Interventionist position on grammar teaching (explicit): explicit focus on discrete grammatical features, PPP
- Reactive vs. proactive approaches to grammar teaching
- Inductive vs. deductive approaches to grammar teaching
- Function → form vs. form → function approaches to grammar teaching
Lexico-Grammar
- Breaking down the split between vocabulary teaching and grammar teaching
- Recognising that each word has its own grammatical profile and is embedded in a network of grammatical patterns and relations
- Lexis and grammar must not always be separated; learners must become familiar with specific grammatical patterning of individual words and how they combine with other words (lexical chunks)
Teaching Vocabulary
- Training lexical inferencing (finding out words through context)
- Teaching the effective use of dictionaries
- Retrieval methods: games, telling or writing stories, dialogues, poems, role plays
- Assessment: testing correct use with gap texts, definitions, paraphrases, drawings, and free short stories with new lexis
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Description
Learn about the principles of teaching grammar and lexis together, inductive approaches, and creating language awareness through noticing new grammatical features. Explore the importance of authentic language use and form-function relationships.