18 Questions
What is the final link in the chain of infection?
Susceptible host
Which of the following is a protective factor influencing susceptibility to infection?
First line of defense
What does herd immunity help limit in a population?
Spread of diseases
Which type of immunity involves antibodies acquired from mother or through injections?
Passive immunity
What are the leading causes of nosocomial infections according to the text?
Pneumonia and surgical site infections
What is one of the preventive measures for nosocomial infections mentioned specifically for nurses?
Careful handwashing
According to the Epidemiologic Triad model, what role does the environment play in the transmission of infectious diseases?
It influences the probability and circumstances of contact between the host and the agent.
Which of the following is considered an environmental factor in the context of the Epidemiologic Triad model?
Socioeconomic stressors
In the context of the Epidemiologic Triad model, what is the significance of the agent?
It consists of biologic, chemical, and physical entities.
Which of the following best describes the role of the host in the Epidemiologic Triad model?
It is susceptible to interactions with agents in an environment that supports transmission.
Which type of factor does NOT fall under environmental factors in the Epidemiologic Triad model?
Biologic agents such as viruses
What differentiates environmental factors from other elements in the Epidemiologic Triad model?
Environmental factors affect both the agent and host externally.
According to the BEINGS MODEL OF DISEASE CAUSATION, which of the following is NOT a category of risk factors and preventable causes of diseases?
Psychological
In the THE CAUSAL PIE MODEL, what is a 'sufficient cause'?
A condition that will produce the event alone
Based on the WEB OF CAUSATION, how can cases of disease be prevented?
By targeting factors closest to the disease
In the context of EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRIAD, what makes a host susceptible to infection?
Genetic or constitutional factors
Which model of disease causation explains the concept of 'component causes' within a sufficient cause?
THE CAUSAL PIE MODEL
What is the main focus of the THE CAUSAL PIE MODEL with regards to biological factors?
Explaining when and why biological factors have an effect
Study Notes
Infection and Immunity
- The final link in the chain of infection is the susceptible host.
Protective Factors and Immunity
- Herd immunity helps limit the spread of infection in a population.
- Antibodies acquired from mother or through injections are a type of immunity.
Nosocomial Infections
- The leading causes of nosocomial infections are not specified in the text, but one of the preventive measures for nurses is mentioned.
Epidemiologic Triad Model
- The environment plays a role in the transmission of infectious diseases in the Epidemiologic Triad model.
- Environmental factors in the Epidemiologic Triad model include things like food, water, and air.
- The agent is the pathogen that causes the infection in the Epidemiologic Triad model.
- The host is the susceptible person who can contract the infection in the Epidemiologic Triad model.
- Susceptibility of the host is influenced by factors like age, health status, and behavior.
- Environmental factors can be differentiated from other elements in the Epidemiologic Triad model by their ability to be modified or controlled.
BEINGS Model of Disease Causation
- The BEINGS model does not include a category of risk factors and preventable causes of diseases for spiritual or mystical factors.
The Causal Pie Model
- A sufficient cause in the Causal Pie Model is a complete set of conditions that can cause a disease.
Web of Causation
- Cases of disease can be prevented by breaking any of the links in the web of causation.
Epidemiologic Triad and Disease Causation
- The Causal Pie Model explains the concept of 'component causes' within a sufficient cause.
- The main focus of the Causal Pie Model is on the biological factors that contribute to disease causation.
This quiz covers various models of disease causation including the Epidemiologic Triad, Web of Causation, and the BEINGS model. Students will learn about different aspects of disease transmission and causes using these models.
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